鹃

Pinyin: juān | Core Meaning: Name of a bird, mainly referring to birds of the cuckoo family, such as the cuckoo or nightingale.

基本信息 (Basic Information)

含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)

中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 鸟名，主要指杜鹃科的鸟，如布谷鸟、子规等。

英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): Name of a bird, mainly referring to birds of the cuckoo family, such as the cuckoo or nightingale.

“鹃”常用于鸟类名称中，如“杜鹃”、“布谷鹃”，有时也作为文学意象出现，借指哀伤、思念之情。 '鹃' is commonly used in names of birds, such as '杜鹃' (cuckoo), or '布谷鹃', and sometimes appears in literature as a symbol of sorrow or longing.

象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)

“鹃”左边“隹”表示与鸟有关，右边“卷”有声旁作用，表明发音。整体表示一种声音哀切的鸟。The left part '隹' indicates connection to birds; the right part '卷' is a phonetic component suggesting pronunciation. The whole character refers to a bird known for its plaintive call.

文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)

文言文中“鹃”多指杜鹃鸟，与现代意义相近。Similar to modern meaning: in classical Chinese, '鹃' generally referred to the cuckoo (杜鹃).

深入学习 (In-depth Study)

字源故事 (Origin Story)

“鹃”字最初由“隹”（短尾鸟的象形）与“卷”组成，表示鸟类中的一种。早期主要指叫声悲切的杜鹃鸟，这种鸟在中国古代诗歌中常被赋予哀愁、思乡的象征意义。The character '鹃' is formed from '隹' (pictograph for a short-tailed bird) and '卷', signifying a kind of bird. Initially, it mainly referred to the cuckoo, which is associated in classic Chinese poetry with sorrow and nostalgia.

字形演变 (Character Evolution)

甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):
甲骨文中暂无“鹃”的明确记载，多用以象形描绘鸟类，单独的“鹃”字尚未出现。 No clear record of '鹃' in oracle bone script; bird-related pictographs existed, but the character '鹃' itself had not yet formed.
金文 (Bronze Inscription):
金文中“鹃”字未见独立使用，但相关的“隹”和鸟类字形已经成熟。 In bronze inscriptions, '鹃' is not independently found, but the components '隹' and bird-related forms were established.
小篆 (Small Seal Script):
小篆中“鹃”已组合成型，由“隹”与“卷”组成，结构弯曲如鸟。 In small seal script, '鹃' formed as a combination of '隹' and '卷', with a curved structure suggesting a bird's form.
隶书 (Clerical Script):
隶书中“鹃”结构变得平直，笔画简化，字形更规范。 In clerical script, the structure of '鹃' became more linear, with simplified strokes and a more regular shape.
楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):
现代楷书中“鹃”字为左边‘隹’（表示鸟类），右边‘卷’（表示音、形），结构清晰。 In modern regular script, '鹃' consists of '隹' (for bird) on the left and '卷' on the right (for sound and form), with a clear structure.

常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)

杜鹃 (cuckoo (a bird species); also refers to the azalea flower in some contexts)

dùjuān

春天，杜鹃的叫声在山林中回荡。

Pinyin: Chūntiān, dùjuān de jiàoshēng zài shānlín zhōng huídàng.

Eng: In spring, the call of the cuckoo echoes through the mountains and forests.

布谷鹃 (common cuckoo (another specific species of cuckoo bird))

bùgǔjuān

田野里响起了布谷鹃的叫声。

Pinyin: Tiányě lǐ xiǎngqǐle bùgǔjuān de jiàoshēng.

Eng: The call of the common cuckoo resounded in the fields.

相关成语 (Related Idioms)

杜鹃啼血 dùjuān tí xuè

Meaning: The cuckoo cries until it bleeds—an idiom symbolizing deep sorrow

传说杜鹃鸟的叫声凄厉哀切，因思念故乡而啼到口吐鲜血，后来用来比喻极度悲伤或伤心呼唤。 Legend says that the cuckoo's mournful call is so intense that it cries until it spits blood from longing for its homeland. Later, this idiom came to symbolize extreme sorrow or heartfelt yearning.

多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))

  • French: coucou (oiseau), oiseau du genre cuculus
  • German: Kuckuck (Vogel)
  • Spanish: cuco (pájaro), ave cucúlido
  • Italian: cuculo (uccello)
  • Portuguese: cuco (pássaro)
  • Russian: кукушка (птица)
  • Arabic: طائر الوقواق
  • Persian: مرغ کوکو (پرنده)
  • Dutch: koekoek (vogel)
  • Polish: kukułka (ptak)
  • Vietnamese: chim cuốc, chim cu gáy
  • Ukrainian: зозуля (птах)

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