挨

Pinyin: ái | Core Meaning: to be close to, to approach; to suffer or endure (usually something negative); successively, in order.

基本信息 (Basic Information)

含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)

中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 靠近，紧贴；遭受（多用作不好的事情）；依次。

英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): to be close to, to approach; to suffer or endure (usually something negative); successively, in order.

“挨”可用于表示靠近或紧贴，如“挨着坐”；更常用来表示承受、遭受，如“挨打”、“挨骂”；还可表示依次，如“挨个”或“挨家挨户”。现代口语中，多数情况下是“遭受”的意思，多与负面词语连用。 “挨” is used to indicate being close to or next to something (“挨着”); more commonly, it means to suffer or endure something negative (“挨打” – to get hit, “挨骂” – to get scolded). It can also mean 'in turn' or 'one by one', as in “挨个”. In modern usage, it often carries the sense of enduring something unpleasant and tends to collocate with negative words.

象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)

“挨”左边为手的偏旁“扌”，表示与手相关的动作，右边为“矣”，原本表达语气，但在“挨”中代表音。整体表示用手靠近、接触，引申为受打、受骂等。The left side of '挨' is the 'hand' radical, indicating an action involving the hand; the right side, '矣', originally expresses mood but here provides sound. Together, the character depicts the act of approaching or touching by hand, which extends to enduring hits or scolding.

文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)

与现代意义相近，多指靠近、接触，有时引申为承受。Similar to modern meaning, often refers to being close to or contacting, sometimes extended to enduring.

深入学习 (In-depth Study)

字源故事 (Origin Story)

“挨”字由“扌”（表示手）和“矣”组成，本意为用手靠近、接触。随着时间发展，含义引申为接近、靠近某物，后来又有“承受（打、骂）”的意思。The character '挨' is formed from '扌' (hand) and '矣'. The original meaning was to use the hand to approach or touch. Over time, the meaning extended to 'being close to' or 'approaching' and later to 'to suffer (beating, scolding)'.

字形演变 (Character Evolution)

甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):
甲骨文中没有“挨”字的直接记载，因为该字为后起复合字。 There is no direct record of '挨' in Oracle Bone Script, as this character developed later.
金文 (Bronze Inscription):
金文中同样未见“挨”的固定字形，'挨'字为后世合体字。 Likewise, in Bronze Inscriptions there is no established form of '挨' character, as it is a composite character from later eras.
小篆 (Small Seal Script):
小篆中“挨”由“扌”偏旁与'矣'组成，结构已定型，表示动作与接近有关。 In Small Seal Script, '挨' is composed of the 'hand' radical and '矣', indicating an action related to approaching.
隶书 (Clerical Script):
隶书中的“挨”，结构变得更加方整，部首与右部的“矣”分明，书写更加规范。 In Clerical Script, '挨' appears squarer and more structured, with distinct radicals and greater regularity.
楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):
现代楷书中“挨”结构分明，左为“扌”，右为“矣”，使用广泛，书写规范。 In modern Regular Script, '挨' has a clear structure with '扌' on the left and '矣' on the right. It is widely used and written in a standardized way.

常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)

挨打 (to get beaten; to suffer a beating)

ái dǎ

他小时候经常因为淘气而挨打。

Pinyin: Tā xiǎoshíhòu jīngcháng yīnwèi táoqì ér ái dǎ.

Eng: He often got beaten for being naughty as a child.

挨骂 (to get scolded; to be reproached)

ái mà

做错了事就要挨骂。

Pinyin: Zuò cuòle shì jiù yào ái mà.

Eng: If you make a mistake, you will get scolded.

挨着 (to be next to; to be close to)

ái zhe

两个人挨着坐在长椅上。

Pinyin: Liǎng gè rén ái zhe zuò zài cháng yǐ shàng.

Eng: The two people sat next to each other on the bench.

相关成语 (Related Idioms)

相关成语信息待补充。Related idiom information pending.

多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))

  • French: être proche de, subir
  • German: nah sein, (etwas Negatives) erleiden
  • Spanish: estar junto a, sufrir
  • Italian: stare vicino, subire
  • Portuguese: estar perto de, sofrer
  • Russian: быть рядом, подвергаться (чему-то плохому)
  • Arabic: يكون قريبًا من، يتعرض لـ(شيء سلبي)
  • Persian: نزدیک بودن، تحمل کردن (چیز منفی)
  • Dutch: dichtbij zijn, ondergaan
  • Polish: być blisko, cierpieć
  • Vietnamese: ở gần, chịu đựng
  • Ukrainian: бути поруч, зазнавати (чогось поганого)

视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)

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