基本信息 (Basic Information)

含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)

中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 宪法、法令、法则,通常指国家的根本大法。

英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): constitution, statute, fundamental law; often refers to a nation's constitution.

“宪”最常用于“宪法”、“宪政”、“违宪”等词语,主要表示与国家法律、制度相关的内容,独立使用时较少见。 Mainly seen in words such as '宪法' (constitution), '宪政' (constitutional government), and '违宪' (unconstitutional), and seldom used alone.

象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)

“宪”字上为‘宀’(屋顶),下为‘臣’(古代瞪大眼的臣子形),整体表达屋内制定规范法则,即法律条文、国家大法。The character '宪' features '宀' (roof) at the top and '臣' (an ancient form representing a minister with wide eyes) at the bottom, depicting officials establishing codes or laws within a hall, symbolizing legal statutes or a constitution.

文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)

文言文中,‘宪’常指典章制度、法令、法度,与现代意思相近。In Classical Chinese, '宪' refers to statutes, codes, or institutions, similar to its modern meaning.

深入学习 (In-depth Study)

字源故事 (Origin Story)

“宪”字最早由“宀”和“臣”组成。“宀”表示屋宇、房屋,“臣”指臣子。后来又加上“心”或“见”等部件,整体用来表达制定和宣示法律的意思,古代主要指典章制度、规范。The character '宪' originally consists of '宀' (roof) signifying a house and '臣' (subject or official). Later forms may have included components like '心' (heart) or '见' (to see). The character as a whole represents the idea of setting and proclaiming laws or norms, historically referring to codes and statutes.

字形演变 (Character Evolution)

甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):
在甲骨文中,“宪”暂无发现明确定型的写法,相关含义多靠“宪”同源或组件来表达。 There is no clearly attested form of '宪' in oracle bone script; related meanings were often expressed with cognate or component characters.
金文 (Bronze Inscription):
金文中已能见到‘宪’的雏形,包括‘宀’顶部和臣字形体,表示与宫廷、规章相关。 In Bronze Inscriptions, the prototype of '宪' appears, with a '宀' (roof) on top and the form for '臣' (official) below, relating to courts or codes.
小篆 (Small Seal Script):
小篆中,“宪”结构清晰,上为‘宀’,下为‘臣’,字形更加规范,意指法制、规范。 In Small Seal Script, the structure is more regular: '宀' on top and '臣' below, clearly indicating law and regulations.
隶书 (Clerical Script):
隶书使“宪”笔画横平竖直,更加规范,线条圆润。 In Clerical Script, the strokes become flatter and more regular, with rounded lines and standardized forms.
楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):
现代楷书的‘宪’结构分明:顶部为‘宀’,下部为‘臣’。 In modern Regular Script, '宪' has a distinct structure with '宀' at the top and '臣' below.

常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)

宪法 (constitution (the fundamental law of a country))

xiànfǎ

中华人民共和国有自己的宪法。

Pinyin: Zhōnghuá Rénmín Gònghéguó yǒu zìjǐ de xiànfǎ.

Eng: The People's Republic of China has its own constitution.

违宪 (unconstitutional)

wéi xiàn

这项规定被认为是违宪的。

Pinyin: Zhè xiàng guīdìng bèi rènwéi shì wéixiàn de.

Eng: This regulation is considered unconstitutional.

宪政 (constitutional government)

xiànzhèng

现代民主国家通常实行宪政。

Pinyin: Xiàndài mínzhǔ guójiā tōngcháng shíxíng xiànzhèng.

Eng: Modern democratic countries usually have constitutional government.

相关成语 (Related Idioms)

相关成语信息待补充。Related idiom information pending.

多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))

  • French: constitution
  • German: Verfassung
  • Spanish: constitución
  • Italian: costituzione
  • Portuguese: constituição
  • Russian: конституция
  • Arabic: الدستور
  • Persian: قانون اساسی
  • Dutch: grondwet
  • Polish: konstytucja
  • Vietnamese: hiến pháp
  • Ukrainian: конституція

视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)

网络参考 (Web References for "宪") ()

网络内容摘要 (Web Content Summary):

“宪”(拼音:xiàn)主要指法令、法规、典范等。“宪” (pinyin: xiàn) mainly refers to decree, law, or model.

  • 核心含义及文化背景: “宪”在古文中常用作“法令”或“制度”的意思,例如《管子》《尔雅》《诗经》等古籍中都以“宪”代表法律或规范。在现代汉语中,也常见于“宪法”(Constitution)等词语。 Core meaning & Cultural background: In ancient Chinese, “宪” mainly meant “decree” or “institution,” as seen in classic texts like Guanzi, Erya, and the Book of Songs. In modern Chinese, it is often seen in words like “宪法” (Constitution).
  • 象形起源: “宪”的甲骨文本义尚未广泛流传,但据相关字典,其早期写法与“屋顶下的人或事,有规范、法则之意”相关,体现了社会秩序的观念。 Pictographic origin: The oracle bone form of “宪” is not widely documented online, but in early scripts, it depicts “something under a roof,” symbolizing regulation or law, reflecting ideas of social order.
  • 常见用法及易混淆点: “宪”常用于表示法律法规,如“宪法”。需注意与“献”(xiàn,意为献出、奉献)、“馅”(xiàn,指包馅食物)等同音字区分。 Common usage & Easily confused characters: “宪” is commonly used in legal contexts, such as “宪法” (Constitution). Be careful not to confuse it with similar-sounding words like “献” (to offer, dedicate) or “馅” (filling in food).
  • 相关词语: 宪法(Constitution), 宪令(decree/law order), 宪范(model/law model)。古文中常见搭配有“布宪”(发布法令)、“为宪”(作为法则)。 Related words: “宪法” (Constitution), “宪令” (decree/law order), “宪范” (model/law model). In classical Chinese, phrases like “布宪” (to issue a decree) and “为宪” (as a model or law) were common.

目前网络上的甲骨文象形解析资料有限,若需更深入了解“宪”的象形本义,建议查阅相关甲骨文字典。Currently, there is limited access to pictographic analysis of the oracle bone script for “宪” online. For deeper study, refer to specialized oracle bone dictionaries.

宪的解释|宪的意思|汉典"宪"字的基本解释 - 漢典

宪. 憲 xiàn. 名 (1) 法令 [decree] 布宪于国。—— 《管子·立政》 宪,法也。—— 《尔雅》 慎乃宪。—— 《书·益稷》 万邦为宪。—— 《诗·小雅·六月》 此君之宪令。—— 《左传·襄公二十八年》 发虑宪。—— 《礼记·学记》 又如:宪票(拘提人犯或处理公务的指令);宪范(法式,典范)

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