蠢

Pinyin: chǔn | Core Meaning: stupid, foolish; dull or clumsy, describes someone slow-witted or making silly mistakes.

基本信息 (Basic Information)

含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)

中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 愚笨，笨拙；形容人头脑不灵活或做事很傻。

英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): stupid, foolish; dull or clumsy, describes someone slow-witted or making silly mistakes.

“蠢”在现代汉语中多用于形容某人做事愚蠢、欠缺智慧，属于贬义词。常用于形容人的行为或性格，也可用于自嘲。例如：“你怎么这么蠢！” 有时也用作俏皮说法，语气较轻。 In modern Chinese, '蠢' is commonly used as a derogatory term to describe someone as stupid or lacking intelligence. It is often used to refer to a person's actions or character, and can also be used in self-deprecation. Sometimes it's used in a teasing or playful manner, which softens the tone.

象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)

“蠢”字为会意字，上为“春”，下为“虫”，意思是春天虫子苏醒、爬动，引申为动作迟缓、反应慢，从而有了“愚笨”的意义。'蠢' is an ideogram composed of '春' (spring) and '虫' (insect), portraying insects becoming active and wriggling in spring. This slow movement metaphorically extended to mean being sluggish and stupid.

文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)

与现代意义相近，也有‘蠢动’、‘蠢蠢欲动’等意思，常形容虫类活动或人的轻微动作。Similar to modern meaning, also used for '蠢动' or '蠢蠢欲动', often describing insect activity or slight human movements.

深入学习 (In-depth Study)

字源故事 (Origin Story)

“蠢”最早由“春”字和“虫”组成，最初与昆虫苏醒、蠕动的样子有关；后来引申为动作缓慢、愚笨。甲骨文没有直接出现“蠢”，但相关字形可见。该字强调虫类缓慢的蠕动，以此比喻迟钝或愚笨。The character '蠢' is composed of the components for 'spring' (春) and 'insect' (虫), originally referring to the slow wriggling or awakening of insects in spring. Over time, it evolved to mean slow or foolish actions. Although '蠢' does not directly appear in Oracle Bone script, related forms exist. The character captures the idea of a worm's sluggish movement, used to symbolize stupidity or dullness.

字形演变 (Character Evolution)

甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):
甲骨文中未直接出现“蠢”字，但“春”和“虫”这两个构件分别已有，代表春天与虫类，表现虫的活动。 The character '蠢' itself does not appear directly in Oracle Bone script, but its components '春' (spring) and '虫' (insect) can be found, representing springtime and insects, indicating the activity of bugs.
金文 (Bronze Inscription):
金文时期仍没有完整的“蠢”，但可以见到“春”、“虫”等相关部分的独立写法，象形意更为明显。 In the Bronze Inscription era, a complete '蠢' character did not appear, but its components '春' and '虫' were written individually with more pictorial forms.
小篆 (Small Seal Script):
小篆时期出现了“蠢”字，结构为“春”上加“虫”，形体更加统一，表示昆虫苏醒、缓慢蠕动的意思。 The character '蠢' appeared in Small Seal Script, composed of '春' above and '虫' below. The structure is unified, representing the awakening or sluggish wriggling of insects.
隶书 (Clerical Script):
隶书中“蠢”的写法横平竖直，结构更简明，笔画舒展。 In Clerical Script, '蠢' is written with more straight and flowing strokes, the structure becomes simpler and clearer.
楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):
现代楷书中“蠢”形体规范，分为“春”和“虫”两个部分，易于识读。 In modern Regular Script, '蠢' is standardized, divided into '春' and '虫', and is easy to recognize.

常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)

蠢笨 (stupid, clumsy)

chǔnbèn

他做事总是很蠢笨。

Pinyin: Tā zuòshì zǒng shì hěn chǔnbèn.

Eng: He is always very clumsy and stupid in doing things.

蠢货 (idiot, fool (insulting))

chǔnhuò

别做蠢货，认真一点！

Pinyin: Bié zuò chǔnhuò, rènzhēn yīdiǎn!

Eng: Don't be an idiot, take it seriously!

蠢蠢欲动 (be eager to move or act (originally describes insects wriggling, now also eager or about to take action, often used metaphorically))

chǔnchǔn yù dòng

敌人已经蠢蠢欲动，我们要提高警惕。

Pinyin: Dí rén yǐjīng chǔnchǔn yù dòng, wǒmen yào tígāo jǐngtì.

Eng: The enemy is already gearing up to make a move; we must remain vigilant.

相关成语 (Related Idioms)

蠢蠢欲动 chǔnchǔn yù dòng

Meaning: be eager to move or act; ready to stir, often with negative or subversive connotations.

“蠢蠢欲动”最初用来形容虫子们在春天里慢慢苏醒，准备蠕动的样子。后来用来比喻人或势力暗中活动，伺机行动。 '蠢蠢欲动' originally described insects awakening and slowly becoming active in spring. Later, it came to metaphorically refer to people or forces secretly stirring or preparing to act.

多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))

  • French: stupide, idiot
  • German: dumm, töricht
  • Spanish: tonto, torpe
  • Italian: stupido, sciocco
  • Portuguese: estúpido, tolo
  • Russian: глупый, тупой
  • Arabic: أحمق، غبي
  • Persian: احمق، کودن
  • Dutch: dom, dwaas
  • Polish: głupi, tępy
  • Vietnamese: ngu ngốc, ngớ ngẩn
  • Ukrainian: дурний, тупий

视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)

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