闰

Pinyin: rùn | Core Meaning: intercalary (extra) month in the lunar calendar; to insert or add (archaic).

基本信息 (Basic Information)

含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)

中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 在中国农历中，指加插的一个月，用于调整阴历与太阳年的误差，即“闰月”；也有引申为增加、夹带的意思。

英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): intercalary (extra) month in the lunar calendar; to insert or add (archaic).

“闰”在现代汉语中主要用于“闰年”“闰月”等天文历法相关词语，指为调整历法而增加的一个月或一天。现代口语较少单独使用，多见于书面语。 In modern Chinese, '闰' is primarily used in terms such as '闰年' (leap year) and '闰月' (intercalary month), referencing the extra month or day inserted into the calendar for astronomical adjustment. It is rarely used alone and mainly appears in formal or written contexts.

象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)

“闰”字左边为“门”，表示门的形状；右边是“王”上加一点，本义是在门中增加一物。结构上体现了‘添加’、‘夹带’的象形和会意之意。The left part of '闰' is '门' (door), representing the shape of a gate. The right is '王' (king) with an extra dot, originally implying something added inside a door. Its structure reflects, pictographically and ideographically, the sense of insertion or addition.

文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)

与现代意义相近，古文中多指历法上的闰月，或泛指夹带、增添之义。Similar to modern meaning, mostly referring to intercalary months in calendar terms, or general meanings of insertion or addition.

深入学习 (In-depth Study)

字源故事 (Origin Story)

“闰”字最早见于甲骨文，原意为门中加物，引申为加插事物。后来用于历法，表示添加的一个闰月以校正阴阳历。'闰' first appeared in oracle bone script. Its original meaning was 'to add something inside a door', symbolizing insertion. Later, it became associated with calendrical terms, referring specifically to the addition of an extra month for synchronizing lunar and solar years.

字形演变 (Character Evolution)

甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):
甲骨文中的“闰”字形像一扇门中间夹着其他符号，表示门中夹带或添加之意。 In Oracle Bone Script, '闰' resembles a door with another symbol inside, symbolizing insertion or addition inside a gate.
金文 (Bronze Inscription):
金文中“闰”的字形结构与甲骨文相似，但线条更为圆润，门框与插入部分更加突出。 In Bronze Inscriptions, the structure is similar to the oracle form but with smoother lines. The door frame and the inserted part are more pronounced.
小篆 (Small Seal Script):
小篆中的“闰”字变得更加规范，门的形状呈长方形，中间夹带的部分更加明显。 In Small Seal Script, the character became more standardized, with a rectangular door shape and a clearly inserted component in the middle.
隶书 (Clerical Script):
隶书中“闰”字笔画变得平直且宽展，结构趋于现代，门与内中夹带部分张弛有度。 In Clerical Script, strokes became straight and wide, with a structure approaching the modern form. The door and inserted element are well proportioned.
楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):
现代楷书中的“闰”字左侧是“门”字形，右侧为“王”上加一点，结构紧凑，笔画分明。 In modern Regular Script, '闰' consists of the '门' (door) on the left and '王' with an added dot on the right. The structure is compact and strokes are clear.

常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)

闰年 (leap year)

rùnnián

今年是闰年，所以有2月29日。

Pinyin: Jīnnián shì rùnnián, suǒyǐ yǒu èr yuè èrshíjiǔ rì.

Eng: This year is a leap year, so there is a February 29th.

闰月 (intercalary month (extra month in lunar calendar))

rùnyuè

农历今年有一个闰月。

Pinyin: Nónglì jīnnián yǒu yí gè rùnyuè.

Eng: This year, the lunar calendar has an intercalary month.

相关成语 (Related Idioms)

相关成语信息待补充。Related idiom information pending.

多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))

  • French: mois intercalaire; année bissextile (en calendrier lunaire)
  • German: Schaltmonat; Schaltjahr (im Mondkalender)
  • Spanish: mes intercalar; año bisiesto (en calendario lunar)
  • Italian: mese intercalare; anno bisestile (nel calendario lunare)
  • Portuguese: mês intercalar; ano bissexto (no calendário lunar)
  • Russian: вставной месяц; високосный год (в лунном календаре)
  • Arabic: شهر كبس؛ سنة كبيسة (في التقويم القمري)
  • Persian: ماه کبیسه؛ سال کبیسه (در تقویم قمری)
  • Dutch: schrikkelmaand; schrikkeljaar (in de maankalender)
  • Polish: miesiąc przestępny; rok przestępny (w kalendarzu księżycowym)
  • Vietnamese: tháng nhuận; năm nhuận (trong lịch âm)
  • Ukrainian: вставний місяць; високосний рік (у місячному календарі)

视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)

通过以下链接在热门视频网站搜索 "闰" 的更多讲解：

Search for more explanations of "闰" on popular video sites:

网络参考 (Web References for "闰") ()

网络内容摘要 (Web Content Summary):

  • 核心含义： “闰”主要指用来调整阴历与阳历之间差异的“闰月”或“闰年”，即在某些年份中添加的一个月或一天，以使历法与季节相协调。 Core meaning: "闰" means an "intercalary" month or day added to a calendar (leap month or leap year) to align the lunar and solar cycles.

  • 字形起源： “闰”最早的字形中包含“门”（门的象形）和“玉”或“王”，据说表示门板上镶嵌的玉饰，象征加入或增加之意。 Pictographic origin: Early forms of "闰" combine the "door" radical (门) and "jade" (玉) or "king" (王), symbolizing a jade ornament on a door, metaphorically representing "addition" or "insertion."

  • 常见词语及用法： “闰月”（leap month）、“闰年”（leap year）为常见搭配，主要用于描述中国农历相关的时间调整。 Common phrases: "闰月" (rùn yuè, leap month) and "闰年" (rùn nián, leap year) are the most typical usages, especially in the context of the Chinese lunar calendar.

  • 易混淆点： “闰”不要与“润”（rùn，意为滋润、润滑）混淆，两字发音相同但含义完全不同。 Note on confusion: "闰" should not be confused with "润" (also pronounced rùn, meaning moist or smooth); they have different meanings and uses.

注：暂无与“闰”直接相关的成语或复杂文化用法，主要用于历法。 Note: There are no commonly used idioms or complex cultural meanings with "闰"; its use is mainly limited to calendar terminology.

汉字"闰"的起源与演变（源流）-汉字字源网

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