学习汉字 "济" (jì) - Learn Chinese Character "济"

基本信息 (Basic Information)

含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)

中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 救助，帮助；渡水，过河。

英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): to aid, help; to cross (a river or water).

“济”常用作动词，意为帮助别人、救助。如“救济”。也可表示渡水（如“济河”）。在现代汉语中，多用于“经济”“济世”等词语，意义引申为“辅助”“治理”等。 "济" is mainly used as a verb, meaning to help or aid others, as in "救济" (to provide relief). It can also mean to cross a river or body of water (e.g., "济河"). In modern Chinese, it's frequently found in compounds such as "经济" (economy) and "济世" (to help the world), where the meaning is extended to 'manage', 'assist', or 'support'.

象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)

“济”字左边为“水”旁，表示与水有关，右边为“齐”作声旁，指发音。整个字形表达了借助水的力量帮助人或物顺利通过，因此有“救助”“渡水”之意。The left part of '济' is the 'water' radical, showing its relation to water, while the right side '齐' provides the pronunciation. The overall structure suggests helping someone or something safely cross water, hence the meanings 'to aid', 'to help', and 'to ferry across'.

文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)

文言文中多用于“渡水”“救助”，与现代意义相近。Similar to modern meaning: in Classical Chinese, often means 'to cross water' or 'to aid'.

深入学习 (In-depth Study)

字源故事 (Origin Story)

“济”最早的本义是“渡水”，指帮助人们安全通过河流。后来引申为援助、帮助他人。在古代，“济”字的左边是“水”，右边是“齐”，表示水流平稳、助人过水之义。The original meaning of '济' was 'to cross water', indicating helping people safely cross a river. Later, it extended to mean assistance and helping others. In ancient forms, the left part represented 'water', while the right side was '齐', suggesting smooth water and the idea of aiding others to cross.

字形演变 (Character Evolution)

甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):

甲骨文中“济”尚未成形，一般用‘濟’的古字形，左侧描绘流水，右侧表音。 In Oracle Bone Script, '济' had not yet taken its modern form; often the ancient form of '濟' was used, with the left side depicting flowing water and the right providing the phonetic part.

金文 (Bronze Inscription):

金文中的“济”字更为复杂，左边为水的象形，右边为“齐”作声旁，整体形象化。 In Bronze Inscriptions, the character is more complex: the left side is pictographic for water, the right is '齐' as the phonetic component, visualized together.

小篆 (Small Seal Script):

小篆中“济”结构稳定，左边为三点水，右为“齐”，形体修长规范。 In Small Seal Script, '济's structure becomes stable: the left shows three dots of water, the right side is '齐', and the form is elongated and regular.

隶书 (Clerical Script):

隶书将“济”简化，三点水演变为偏旁，整体笔画更平直，逐步接近现代。 In Clerical Script, '济' is simplified, the three dots of water become a side radical, and the strokes become more straight, coming closer to the modern form.

楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):

现代楷书中“济”形体端正，左为三点水，右为“齐”，结构紧凑易识。 In modern regular script, '济' is upright and neat, with 'three-dot water' on the left and '齐' on the right; the structure is compact and easily recognizable.

常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)

经济 (economy; economic)

jīngjì

中国的经济发展迅速。

Pinyin: Zhōngguó de jīngjì fāzhǎn xùnsù.

Eng: China's economy is developing rapidly.

救济 (to give relief; aid)

jiùjì

政府为灾民提供救济。

Pinyin: Zhèngfǔ wèi zāimín tígōng jiùjì.

Eng: The government provided relief to disaster victims.

济南 (Jinan (a city name, capital of Shandong Province))

Jǐnán

济南是山东省的省会城市。

Pinyin: Jǐnán shì Shāndōng shěng de shěnghuì chéngshì.

Eng: Jinan is the capital city of Shandong Province.

多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))

French: aider, secourir; traverser (une rivière)
German: helfen, unterstützen; überqueren (einen Fluss)
Spanish: ayudar, socorrer; cruzar (un río)
Italian: aiutare, soccorrere; attraversare (un fiume)
Portuguese: ajudar, socorrer; atravessar (um rio)
Russian: помогать, спасать; переправляться (через реку)
Arabic: يساعد، يعين؛ يعبر (النهر)
Persian: یاری رساندن، کمک کردن؛ عبور از (رودخانه)
Dutch: helpen, ondersteunen; een rivier oversteken
Polish: pomagać, wspierać; przekraczać (rzekę)
Vietnamese: giúp đỡ, cứu trợ; vượt qua (sông)
Ukrainian: допомагати, рятувати; переправлятися (через річку)

视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)

通过以下链接在热门视频网站搜索 "济" 的更多讲解：

Search for more explanations of "济" on popular video sites:

在 Bilibili.com 搜索 "济字源说文解字" (Search on Bilibili)
在 YouTube.com 搜索 "济 character origin etymology" (Search on YouTube)

网络参考 (Web References for "济") ()

网络内容摘要 (Web Content Summary):

```html

济（拼音：jì, jǐ）原为汉语常用字，最早见于战国时期的文字，是个形声字。本义是水名——济水，是中国古代著名的河流之一，发源于今河南济源市，后流经山东。 Ji (pinyin: jì, jǐ) is a common Chinese character, first seen in Warring States scripts. It is a phono-semantic compound. Its original meaning refers to the Ji River, a famous ancient river in China originating in today’s Jiyuan city, Henan.

在字义引申上，“济”常表示“渡过（水）”、“帮助”、“救助”等义，如“济世”（救助世界）、“救济”（relief, aid）。 By extension, “济” can mean “to cross (a river),” “to help,” or “to aid,” as in “济世” (to aid the world) or “救济” (relief, aid).

易混淆点：“济”常和“济南”、“济宁”等地名有关，容易与“齐”（qí，整齐）或“祭”（jì，祭祀）混淆。 Common confusion: “济” appears in place names like Jinan and Jining, and is often confused with “齐” (qí, neat) or “祭” (jì, to sacrifice).
常用词语/成语：如“济南”、 “救济”、 “济世安人”。 Common words/idioms: e.g. “济南” (Jinan), “救济” (relief), “济世安人” (help the world and bring peace).

文化背景有趣之处在于：历史上因黄河改道，济水下游消失，其河道已成为现在黄河的一部分。 Culturally interesting point: Due to shifts in the Yellow River’s course, the lower reaches of Ji River disappeared and now form part of the current Yellow River channel.

```

济_百度百科

济（拼音：jì、jǐ）是汉语通用规范一级字（常用字）。 [1] 始见于战国文字，形声字。本义指水名，即济水。后引申为渡过、畅通等义。 [2]

济的解释|济的意思|汉典"济"字的基本解释 - 漢典

济水源出赞皇山。 —— 《穆天子传》阴谷皆入济。 —— 清 · 姚鼐《登泰山记》 (3) 发源于今河南省济源市西王屋山，原在山东境内与黄河并行入渤海。后因黄河改道，下游被黄河淹没。现在黄河下游的河道就是原来济水的河道 (4) 州名 [Ji prefecture]

济