狗

Pinyin: gǒu | Core Meaning: dog, a common domesticated animal usually kept as a pet or guard animal.

基本信息 (Basic Information)

含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)

中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 狗，一种常见的家畜，哺乳动物，通常作为宠物或用于看家。

英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): dog, a common domesticated animal usually kept as a pet or guard animal.

“狗”主要指犬科的动物，常见用于指家养的狗。现代汉语中，有时“狗”也用于比喻，有褒有贬，如“走狗”（贬义）或“忠犬”（褒义）。 '狗' mainly refers to the animal, dog. In modern Chinese, it’s sometimes used metaphorically, both positively (e.g., loyalty) and negatively (e.g., lackey, toady).

象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)

“狗”字由‘犭’（表示动物）和‘句’（表示发音和部分造型）组成，整体表现出动物形象，表明与动物相关。The character '狗' consists of the '犭' radical (indicating animal) and '句' (for pronunciation and some structure), together representing an animal, specifically a dog.

文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)

与现代意义相近，文言文中同样指狗这一动物，有时也用于比喻。Similar to modern meaning; in Classical Chinese, it also refers to the animal dog, sometimes used metaphorically.

深入学习 (In-depth Study)

字源故事 (Origin Story)

“狗”字最早出现于甲骨文，其形状像一只站立的动物，头部前伸，尾巴向上，后来逐渐演变加上“犭”作为偏旁，表示动物。The character '狗' first appeared in oracle bone script, resembling a standing animal with its head extended and tail up. Later, the '犭' radical was added to signify an animal.

字形演变 (Character Evolution)

甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):
在甲骨文中，“狗”形似一只侧身的动物，突出表现有鼻口和尾巴。 In oracle bone script, '狗' looks like a side-view of an animal with a distinct snout and tail.
金文 (Bronze Inscription):
金文中的“狗”形态更为规范化，动物特征依然明显，但笔画更加流畅。 In bronze inscription, '狗' becomes more standardized, still retaining animal features but with smoother strokes.
小篆 (Small Seal Script):
小篆中，“狗”增加了“犭”偏旁，结构更加笔直且规范。 In small seal script, '狗' gains the '犭' (animal) radical, making the structure more upright and formal.
隶书 (Clerical Script):
隶书时代，“狗”进一步简化，线条变直，易于书写。 In clerical script, '狗' is further simplified with straighter lines, making it easier to write.
楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):
现代楷书中，“狗”采用‘犭’加‘句’组合结构，字形端正明了。 In modern regular script, '狗' is formed by the '犭' radical and the component '句', clear and upright.

常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)

小狗 (puppy)

xiǎo gǒu

我家有一只可爱的小狗。

Pinyin: Wǒ jiā yǒu yì zhī kě'ài de xiǎogǒu.

Eng: There is a cute puppy in my house.

狗熊 (bear (literally 'dog-bear', an old term for 'bear'))

gǒu xióng

狗熊喜欢吃蜂蜜。

Pinyin: Gǒuxióng xǐhuan chī fēngmì.

Eng: Bears like to eat honey.

看门狗 (watchdog, guard dog)

kān mén gǒu

农场里有几只看门狗。

Pinyin: Nóngchǎng lǐ yǒu jǐ zhī kānméngǒu.

Eng: There are several watchdogs on the farm.

相关成语 (Related Idioms)

狗急跳墙 gǒu jí tiào qiáng

Meaning: A cornered dog will jump over the wall; desperate measures in desperate situations.

这个成语比喻人在走投无路时会做出冒险的举动。据说，有只狗本来很胆小，但被逼到墙角无法逃脱时，不得不跳过高墙求生。 This idiom means that when a person is driven to desperation, they may take bold or risky actions. Legend says that even a timid dog, when trapped in a corner, will jump over a high wall to survive.

多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))

  • French: chien
  • German: Hund
  • Spanish: perro
  • Italian: cane
  • Portuguese: cão
  • Russian: собака
  • Arabic: كلب
  • Persian: سگ
  • Dutch: hond
  • Polish: pies
  • Vietnamese: chó
  • Ukrainian: собака

视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)

通过以下链接在热门视频网站搜索 "狗" 的更多讲解：

Search for more explanations of "狗" on popular video sites:

网络参考 (Web References for "狗") ()

网络内容摘要 (Web Content Summary):

  • 核心含义：“狗”是表示一种常见动物——狗（dog）的汉字，指人类驯养的犬类宠物。 Core meaning: “狗” (gǒu) is the Chinese character for "dog," a commonly domesticated animal and human companion.

  • 起源与演变：“狗”属于形声兼会意字，由“犬”表意（意为犬科动物），右侧的“句”表声。“犬”和“狗”原有体型大小区分，但后来逐渐混用。字形经篆书、隶书等字体演变，最终形成现在的样子。 Origin & evolution: "狗" is a "phono-semantic compound" (形声兼会意字): the left part "犬" indicates meaning (dog species), and "句" on the right provides the sound. Historically, “犬” and “狗” differed by size, but this distinction faded over time. The character has evolved through various script forms to reach its current appearance.

  • 常用词与成语：“狗”常用于如“狗狗”（pet dog）、“狗年”（Year of the Dog）、“走狗”（lackey）、“狼心狗肺”（cruel and unscrupulous）等词语和成语。 Common words & idioms: “狗” appears in words like "狗狗" (pet dog), "狗年" (Year of the Dog in the Chinese zodiac), "走狗" (lackey/henchman), and idioms such as "狼心狗肺" (literally "wolf's heart and dog's lungs"; meaning heartless or cruel).

  • 易混淆点：需注意“犬”与“狗”虽都指狗类，但“犬”更偏书面或古汉语用法，而“狗”为现代日常常用字。 Common confusion: Both “犬” and “狗” mean dog, but “犬” is more formal or classical, while “狗” is used in modern, daily language.

补充说明：可查阅《汉字字源辞典》等工具了解更多字形演变与文化细节。 Further note: For more details on the character's historical evolution, refer to resources like the "Chinese Character Etymology Dictionary."

汉字"狗"的起源、演变过程-汉字字源辞典

汉字字源辞典收录13864条汉字词条，基本涵盖了常见汉字的字源解析，是汉字研究的必备工具。 请输入您要查询的汉字： 汉字: 狗: 字源: 狗.

狗字形演变字源_汉字「狗」_狗的甲骨文_狗的金文_金文编_甲骨文编

犬和狗原本有別，即犬大而狗小，後世則混同而不分。字經隸書，變體作 ，頗失其形。楷書之形，則沿之以定體。以上諸形，都以犬示義，句表其聲，兼示小、曲之義，所以在六書中屬於形聲兼會意。 汉字：「狗」 字形演变 字源演变 狗宁簋(金)商代晚期

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