基本信息 (Basic Information)

含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)

中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 困,意为被围困、艰难、感到疲倦。

英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): to be trapped, exhausted, sleepy, or in distress.

在现代汉语中,“困”常用来表示疲倦或困倦,如“很困”(很想睡觉),也可指被困在某处或处境困难,如“被困”。用作形容词、副词和动词均可。 In modern Chinese, '困' is frequently used to mean sleepy or tired, as in '很困' (very sleepy). It can also mean to be trapped or in a difficult situation, such as '被困' (to be trapped). It can be used as an adjective, adverb, or verb.

象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)

“困”是会意字,外部‘囗’代表围墙或包围,内部‘木’代表树,表示树被围困,象征被困住、受限制。后来引申为困难、困倦。'困' is an ideogram: the outer '囗' means an enclosure or wall, and the inner '木' stands for a tree, together representing a tree trapped inside a wall. This signifies being trapped or restricted, and later evolved to mean difficulty or sleepiness.

文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)

文言文中“困”多指困顿、受困、艰难。与现代意义相近。In Classical Chinese, '困' often means hardship, being beset, or in difficulty. Similar to modern meaning.

深入学习 (In-depth Study)

字源故事 (Origin Story)

“困”最早见于甲骨文,本意为“受困、被围”。字形外部为“囗”(框、围墙),内部为“木”,象征树木被围在墙内,表示受限制、被困住的状态。后来引申出困顿、艰难、疲倦的含义。The character '困' first appeared in oracle bone script, originally meaning 'to be surrounded or trapped.' The outer part '囗' depicts an enclosure or a wall, while the inner part '木' represents a tree. Together, they show a tree enclosed within a wall, symbolizing being restricted or trapped. Over time, the meaning expanded to suffering hardship or feeling tired.

字形演变 (Character Evolution)

甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):
甲骨文中的“困”,外形为一个方形包围着中间一棵树,直观地表现出被围困的意思。 In oracle bone script, '困' is depicted as a square enclosure surrounding a tree, visually expressing the meaning of being trapped.
金文 (Bronze Inscription):
金文中“困”的结构与甲骨文类似,仍然是‘囗’中包围‘木’,但线条更加圆润。 '困' in bronze inscription maintains a similar structure to oracle bone script, with '木' (tree) enclosed by '囗' (enclosure), but lines are smoother and more rounded.
小篆 (Small Seal Script):
小篆将“囗”和“木”规范化,字形更加对称、曲线柔美,显得整齐统一。 In small seal script, both '囗' and '木' are standardized, showing a more symmetrical and elegant form.
隶书 (Clerical Script):
隶书中‘困’的笔画扁平,‘囗’和‘木’结构更简明,易于书写。 In clerical script, '困' becomes more flattened and simplified, with the structure of '囗' and '木' made easier for writing.
楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):
现代楷书中‘困’的结构严谨,‘木’清晰地位于‘囗’中,分隔明显。 In modern regular script, '困' is written with precise structure: '木' is clearly shown inside '囗', with distinct separation.

常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)

困倦 (sleepy, drowsy)

kùn juàn

他因为昨晚没睡好,现在很困倦。

Pinyin: Tā yīnwèi zuówǎn méi shuì hǎo, xiànzài hěn kùn juàn.

Eng: He didn't sleep well last night, so now he feels very drowsy.

困难 (difficulty; problem; hardship)

kùn nán

我们遇到了很大的困难。

Pinyin: Wǒmen yùdào le hěn dà de kùn nán.

Eng: We encountered great difficulties.

被困 (to be trapped)

bèi kùn

他被困在电梯里了。

Pinyin: Tā bèi kùn zài diàntī lǐ le.

Eng: He was trapped in the elevator.

相关成语 (Related Idioms)

走投无路,穷途末路 zǒu tóu wú lù, qióng tú mò lù

Meaning: to be at one’s wit’s end; to be in a desperate situation with no way out

“走投无路,穷途末路”形容人被困在绝境,没有出路。常用来形容困境中的无助和绝望。 This idiom describes someone trapped in a desperate situation with no way out, commonly expressing helplessness or despair during hardship.

多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))

  • French: être piégé, épuisé, fatigué
  • German: gefangen, erschöpft, müde
  • Spanish: estar atrapado, cansado, agotado
  • Italian: essere intrappolato, esausto, assonnato
  • Portuguese: estar preso, exausto, sonolento
  • Russian: быть в ловушке, уставший, сонный
  • Arabic: محاصر، متعب، نعسان
  • Persian: گرفتار، خسته، خواب‌آلود
  • Dutch: gevangen, uitgeput, slaperig
  • Polish: być uwięzionym, zmęczony, senny
  • Vietnamese: bị mắc kẹt, mệt mỏi, buồn ngủ
  • Ukrainian: бути у пастці, втомлений, сонний

视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)

网络参考 (Web References for "困") ()

网络内容摘要 (Web Content Summary):

核心含义与象形起源:“困”本义为“被困住、受限制”,象形为一个人被四面围住,无法出来。最早的字形像一个人在“囗”(围墙、围栏)里面,表达“处于困境”之意。Core meaning & pictographic origin: The character “困” (kùn) originally means “to be trapped” or “restricted.” Its form was inspired by a person enclosed within a square (囗), symbolizing someone in a predicament or difficult situation.

文化与引申用法:因引申义广泛,现代中文多用“困”表示“困难”、“困扰”,如“困难(difficulty)”、“困境(predicament)”。后来特指门闩,另加“木”旁写作“梱”。“困”还常用于“困倦(sleepy, weary)”。Cultural & extended usage: In modern Chinese, “困” is used more broadly to mean “difficult,” “troubled,” or “sleepy/weary,” e.g., “困难” (difficulty), “困境” (predicament), and “困倦” (sleepy). The character “梱” (with a ‘木’ radical) refers specifically to a door bolt.

  • 常用词语:困难(difficulty)、困扰(trouble)、困倦(sleepy)、困境(predicament)。Common words: 困难 (difficulty), 困扰 (to trouble), 困倦 (sleepy), 困境 (predicament).
  • 易混淆点:“困”与“梱”不同,前者表示“受困”,后者指“门闩”。注意不要混淆。Easy confusion: “困” means “trapped,” while “梱” (with a wood radical) refers to a “door bolt.” Do not confuse them.

暂无有趣成语提及,主要用于表达处境困难或疲倦。No notable idioms found; mainly used to express difficulties or tiredness.

汉字"困"的起源、演变过程-汉字字源辞典

汉字字源辞典收录13864条汉字词条,基本涵盖了常见汉字的字源解析,是汉字研究的必备工具。 请输入您要查询的汉字: 汉字: 困: 字源: 困.

汉字"困"的起源与演变(源流)-汉字字源网

如今简化仍用"困"。 "困"为引申义所专用,门橛之义便另加义符"木"写作"梱"来表示。 【组字】困,如今既可单用,也可作偏旁。不是《说文》部首。现今仍归入囗部。凡从困取义的字皆与门橛、限制等义有关。

更多图片 (困 More Images) ()