学习汉字 "档" (dàng) - Learn Chinese Character "档"

基本信息 (Basic Information)

含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)

中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 档案，文件，类别，分隔，挡板等物品的一部分或用于区分种类的等级等。

英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): file, record, grade (level), or partition; also a board or material used for dividing/partitioning.

“档”在现代汉语中常指文件、档案，如“档案”、“文档”；也指物品的档次，如“高档商品”；可以表示分隔空间的物体，如“挡板”中的“档”，但与“挡（阻挡）”不同；还可用于变速器的档位，如“换档”。 In modern Chinese, '档' commonly refers to files or records (as in '档案', 'documents'), quality or grade (as in ‘high-end products’), and also denotes partitions or compartments, as in ‘panel/partition’ (note: different characters with '挡' meaning 'to block'). Also used for gear positions in machinery (e.g., changing gears in cars).

象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)

“档”的结构由“当”和“木”组成，“木”表示木材，用作分隔的材料；“当”表示适当地对齐、分隔之意。整体形状表达用于分隔空间或物品的木板，象征归类、分隔或等级之意。'档' is made up of '当' and '木'; '木' represents wood (material for partitioning), while '当' conveys alignment or division. The whole structure depicts a wooden divider, symbolizing category, partition, or grade.

文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)

文言文中多用于指用木板分隔的格、间，与现代‘分隔、分类、档案’等含义基本相近。In Classical Chinese, it often meant a compartment or room separated by wooden boards—usage close to its modern meanings of 'partition', 'category', or 'file'.

深入学习 (In-depth Study)

字源故事 (Origin Story)

“档”最早来源于分割、隔开的概念。传统汉字写法由“当”和“木”组成，表示把木板用作分隔之意。在古代常用来指分隔空间的木板，后来引申为分类、归档、文件等意义。The character '档' originates from the concept of separating or partitioning. Its traditional form consists of '当' and '木', implying a wooden board used as a partition. In ancient times, it referred to wooden panels or dividers, and later its meaning extended to classification, file, and document.

字形演变 (Character Evolution)

甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):

甲骨文时代没有“档”的专用字形，相关概念多用其他字表达，如“当”或“木”来表示分隔含义。 There was no specific Oracle Bone Script form for '档'; related ideas were depicted with characters like '当' or '木' to represent the concept of partitioning.

金文 (Bronze Inscription):

金文中尚未出现“档”字，分隔的含义仍主要通过“当”、“木”类字表达。 '档' did not appear directly in Bronze Inscriptions; the partition or compartment meaning was still expressed via '当' or '木'.

小篆 (Small Seal Script):

小篆时期融合“当”与“木”的结构，逐步形成“檔”（“档”的繁体写法）的原始字形，表示隔开的木质物品。 In Small Seal Script, the structure combining '当' and '木' began to take shape as '檔' (the traditional form of '档'), indicating separated or partitioned wooden objects.

隶书 (Clerical Script):

隶书时代“檔”字形变得更加方正简化，上部为“当”，下部为“木”，笔画平直。 In Clerical Script, the character '檔' became more rectangular and simplified, with '当' above and '木' below, featuring more straight strokes.

楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):

简化字为“档”，结构为“当”左和“木”右，含义和用法与繁体“檔”一致。 Modern Regular Script uses the simplified form '档', combining '当' on the left and '木' on the right. The meaning and usage are the same as the traditional '檔'.

常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)

档案 (file, archives, record)

dàng'àn

公司需要保存所有员工的档案。

Pinyin: Gōngsī xūyào bǎocún suǒyǒu yuángōng de dàng'àn.

Eng: The company needs to keep a record of all employees.

高档 (high-grade, high-end, upscale)

gāodàng

这是一家高档餐厅。

Pinyin: Zhè shì yī jiā gāodàng cāntīng.

Eng: This is a high-end restaurant.

文档 (document, file)

wéndàng

请把这个文档发到我的邮箱。

Pinyin: Qǐng bǎ zhège wéndàng fā dào wǒ de yóuxiāng.

Eng: Please send this document to my email.

换档 (change gears (in a car, etc.))

huàndǎng

开车时要注意及时换档。

Pinyin: Kāichē shí yào zhùyì jíshí huàndǎng.

Eng: You should pay attention to changing gears in time when driving.

多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))

French: dossier, niveau, compartiment
German: Akte, Stufe, Fach
Spanish: archivo, nivel, compartimiento
Italian: archivio, livello, compartimento
Portuguese: arquivo, nível, compartimento
Russian: досье, уровень, отделение
Arabic: ملف، مستوى، مقصورة
Persian: پرونده، سطح، محفظه
Dutch: dossier, niveau, compartiment
Polish: akta, poziom, przegroda
Vietnamese: hồ sơ, cấp độ, ngăn
Ukrainian: справа, рівень, відсік

视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)

通过以下链接在热门视频网站搜索 "档" 的更多讲解：

Search for more explanations of "档" on popular video sites:

在 Bilibili.com 搜索 "档字源说文解字" (Search on Bilibili)
在 YouTube.com 搜索 "档 character origin etymology" (Search on YouTube)

网络参考 (Web References for "档") ()

网络内容摘要 (Web Content Summary):

核心含义与字形起源： “档”是一个形声字，古代的繁体字为“檔”，从“木”旁，表示与木头相关，声旁为“当”。其本义指用来分隔的横木或框格，如“算盘的横档”。Core meaning & etymology: "档" is a phono-semantic character; the traditional form is "檔", with the "木" (wood) radical indicating its connection to wood, and the phonetic component “当”. The original meaning refers to horizontal wooden bars or partitions, for example, those found in an abacus.

引申与常见用法： 后来“档”引申为“分隔部分”或“分等级、类别”，如“档案（files, archives）”、“高档（high grade）”。现在常见于表示文件、数据存储、商品等级等。 Extensions & common usages: Later, "档" extended to mean "division/section" or "grade/class", as used in "档案" (files, archives) and "高档" (high-end, premium). It's commonly used for files, data storage, or product grades nowadays.
易混淆点： "档"常与“挡（dǎng, to block）”混淆，两字读音相近但意义不同。注意“档”主要表示分格、类别等含义。 Common confusion: "档" is often confused with “挡” (dǎng, meaning "to block"), as they sound similar but have different meanings. "档" primarily relates to divisions or grades, while “挡” means to block or obstruct.

相关常用词： 档案（file/record）、名档（famous file）、高档（high-grade）、低档（low-grade）、换档（to change gear）。 Related common words: 档案 (file/record), 名档 (famous file), 高档 (high-grade), 低档 (low-grade), 换档 (to change gear).

注意：成语中较少见“档”字，主要用于现代词汇及日常用语。 Note: The character "档" rarely appears in idioms; it is mainly used in modern words and everyday language.

档《汉字字源》_汉字「档」_档在汉字字源中的解释 - 国学大师

汉字"档"的起源与演变（源流）-汉字字源网

【字形】后起字，《说文》无。【构造】形声字。楷书繁体作檔，从木，當声。如今类推简作档。【本义】《正字通·木部》："檔，俗谓横木框档。"本义为横木的框格。【演变】档，本义指横木的框格或器物上分隔的条状物：十三～算盘。又引申特指

档