纵

Pinyin: zòng | Core Meaning: to release, to let go, to extend lengthwise, vertical; can also mean to indulge or allow freely.

基本信息 (Basic Information)

含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)

中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 让、放开、延伸；纵向的意思，如纵横；也可表示放任、任意。

英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): to release, to let go, to extend lengthwise, vertical; can also mean to indulge or allow freely.

“纵”常用于表示纵向（如纵横的“纵”），或作为动词表示放任、任意（如“纵容”）。在表达空间方向时对比“横”（横向），与“纵”加以区分。作为动词时多表示不加约束或限制。 '纵' is often used to denote 'vertical' direction (as in '纵横'—vertical and horizontal) or as a verb meaning 'to indulge' or 'allow without restraint' (as in '纵容'—to indulge). It contrasts with '横' (horizontal), and as a verb, typically conveys the idea of not restraining or allowing freedom.

象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)

“纵”字形从“糸”和“从”组成，象征多根丝线顺着同一方向延伸。‘从’有“随从、跟随”的意思，与‘糸’组合即为丝线舒展、延伸之意，进而引申为放任、纵向等意义。The character '纵' is formed from '糸' (thread/silk) and '从' (to follow), symbolizing multiple threads extending in the same direction. '从' means 'to follow', so combined with '糸', it depicts threads stretching out, further extended to mean 'to let go', 'vertical', or 'indulge'.

文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)

偏重于“放任”“任凭”“使……自如”的意思，与现代意义相近。Emphasized meanings such as 'to allow freely', 'to let lose', or 'to indulge', similar to modern meaning.

深入学习 (In-depth Study)

字源故事 (Origin Story)

“纵”字早期写法由“糸”（表示丝线）和“从”组成，本义指顺着丝线绵延、延展开来，后引申为放开、放任等含义。The original form of '纵' consists of '糸' (meaning silk thread) and '从' (to follow), indicating the idea of extending and spreading out along the direction of silk threads. Later, it was extended to mean to release or let go.

字形演变 (Character Evolution)

甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):
甲骨文中暂无“纵”字的直接记载，早期多以“从”“糸”等部首组合，用来表达与丝线有关的动作。 In Oracle Bone Script, there is no direct record of '纵'. Early representations combined elements like '从' and '糸' to convey actions related to silk threads.
金文 (Bronze Inscription):
金文中开始出现由“糸”与“从”组成的字形，表示顺丝线延展之意。 In Bronze Inscriptions, forms composed of '糸' and '从' started to appear, denoting the meaning of extending along silk threads.
小篆 (Small Seal Script):
小篆“纵”字结构清晰，上部为“糸”，下部为“从”，形体拉长，表达延展的感觉。 In Small Seal Script, the structure of '纵' is clear, with '糸' on the top and '从' below, the form is elongated, visually expressing the sense of extension.
隶书 (Clerical Script):
隶书中“纵”字笔画变得平直，线条舒展，结构更规整，便于书写。 In Clerical Script, the strokes of '纵' become straighter and more stretched out, making the structure more regular and easier to write.
楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):
现代楷书中“纵”字结构规范，左边为“纟”（丝），右边为“从”，整体简化，通用于现代书写。 In modern Regular Script, '纵' has a standardized structure, with '纟' (silk) on the left and '从' on the right, simplified overall and commonly used in present-day writing.

常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)

纵横 (vertical and horizontal; crisscross; freely)

zònghéng

道路在田野中纵横交错。

Pinyin: Dàolù zài tiányě zhōng zònghéng jiāocuò.

Eng: The roads crisscross the fields.

纵容 (to indulge; to tolerate (bad behavior))

zòngróng

父母不能纵容孩子的不良习惯。

Pinyin: Fùmǔ bùnéng zòngróng háizi de bùliáng xíguàn.

Eng: Parents should not indulge their children's bad habits.

纵火 (arson; to set fire to something)

zònghuǒ

警方正在调查一起纵火案。

Pinyin: Jǐngfāng zhèngzài diàochá yī qǐ zònghuǒ àn.

Eng: The police are investigating an arson case.

相关成语 (Related Idioms)

横行纵走 héngxíng zòngzǒu

Meaning: to run amok; to act recklessly without restraint

“横行纵走”形容四处横冲直撞，随心所欲地行动。常用来比喻行为放肆、无人约束。 '横行纵走' describes rushing around recklessly without restraint, often used as a metaphor for acting wildly without limits.

多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))

  • French: lâcher, vertical, se permettre
  • German: loslassen, vertikal, gewähren lassen
  • Spanish: soltar, vertical, permitir
  • Italian: lasciare andare, verticale, indulgere
  • Portuguese: soltar, vertical, permitir
  • Russian: отпускать; вертикальный; потворствовать
  • Arabic: إطلاق، رأسي، يتساهل
  • Persian: رها کردن، عمودی، اجازه دادن
  • Dutch: loslaten, verticaal, toestaan
  • Polish: puścić, pionowy, pobłażać
  • Vietnamese: thả ra, dọc, buông thả
  • Ukrainian: відпускати, вертикальний, потурати

视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)

通过以下链接在热门视频网站搜索 "纵" 的更多讲解：

Search for more explanations of "纵" on popular video sites:

网络参考 (Web References for "纵") ()

网络内容摘要 (Web Content Summary):

  • 核心含义与起源：汉字“纵”主要有“放开、任凭、听从”的意思。其早期字形和构造中包含“糸”（绳索），体现有“解开、放松绳索”的象形含义。 Core Meaning & Origin: The character "纵" mainly means "to let go, to allow, to follow." Its early forms involve the radical "糸" (meaning "silk thread/rope"), suggesting the image of loosening or releasing a rope.

  • 常用与特别用法：“纵”常用于描述跳跃或纵身（如：纵跳），也可作“放任、纵容”（如：纵恶，纵敌）。 Common & Special Uses: "纵" often describes jumping or leaping (e.g., "纵跳": jump upwards), and can also mean "to indulge or let go" (e.g., "纵恶": to let evil go unpunished; "纵敌": to release the enemy).

  • 历史与文化背景：在战国时期，“合纵”指六国联合对抗秦国，是著名的历史事件中的用词。 Historical & Cultural Note: During the Warring States period, "合纵" referred to the alliance of six states against the Qin state—an important historical strategy.

  • 易混淆点：“纵”和“从”易混淆，但“纵”偏重于“放开、任意”，而“从”更偏重于“跟随”。 Easy Confusion: "纵" is sometimes confused with "从" (to follow), but "纵" emphasizes "letting go or allowing," while "从" focuses on "following."

  • 常用搭配或成语：如“纵跳”、“纵横捭阖(形容策略多变, 行动自由)”。 Common Collocations/Idioms: Examples include "纵跳" (to jump upwards) and the idiom "纵横捭阖" (describing versatile strategies or freedom of action).

纵的解释|纵的意思|汉典"纵"字的基本解释 - 漢典

如:纵跳(腾跃欢跳;跃身跳起);纵体(跳舞时腾跃轻盈的样子) (5) 放过 [let off;let slip] 。 如:纵恶(姑息坏人);纵敌(放过敌人而不拦截) (6) 指合纵。战国时期苏秦游说六国诸侯，要他们联合起来西向抗秦，秦在西边，六国土地南北相连，故曰"合纵" [alley with] 必得定纵。

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