债

Pinyin: zhài | Core Meaning: debt, money or goods owed that should be repaid.

基本信息 (Basic Information)

含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)

中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 欠款，因借用钱财或物品应偿还的数额。

英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): debt, money or goods owed that should be repaid.

“债”常用于表示经济、法律上的负债，如“债务”、“还债”、“负债”。多指需要偿还的钱财，但也可泛指欠下的各种责任或义务。 ‘债’ is commonly used to refer to financial or legal debt, as in 'debt', 'to repay a debt', or 'liability'. It generally refers to money owed that must be repaid but can also metaphorically indicate responsibility or obligation owed.

象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)

“债”形声字，左边“亻”表示与人有关，右边“责”表示责任、索取或声旁，合起来表示人与责任相关，即因负有责任而产生的债务。'债' is a phono-semantic compound character: the left side '亻' (person) indicates relation to a person, and the right side '责' (responsibility or obligation) provides both the sound and the sense of obligation. Together, it represents a debt resulting from a person's responsibility.

文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)

与现代意义相近，主要指因借贷、责任而应偿还的钱财等。Similar to modern meaning: primarily referred to money or goods owed due to loans or responsibility.

深入学习 (In-depth Study)

字源故事 (Origin Story)

“债”由“亻”（表示人）和“责”组成，本义为因责任产生的欠款，指人对他人所负的还款责任。早期未有“债”字，常用“责”表达近义，后来组合指特指与借贷相关的责任。The character '债' consists of '亻' (radical for person) and '责' (responsibility/obligation), meaning money owed due to an obligation—a debt. In early scripts, '债' did not exist specifically; '责' was used with a similar meaning until '债' appeared to refer especially to financial obligations.

字形演变 (Character Evolution)

甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):
甲骨文中尚未出现“债”字，在表达责任或欠款时，多使用“责”相关字形。 The character '债' did not appear in Oracle Bone Script; the concept of debt or obligation was usually expressed with the character for '责' (responsibility).
金文 (Bronze Inscription):
金文亦未独立出现“债”字，主要是“责”字单独使用，表示责任、索取等。 '债' did not appear independently in Bronze Script either. The character '责' was still used to indicate responsibility or collection.
小篆 (Small Seal Script):
小篆时期出现“责”，作为“债”的声旁，后来逐渐出现了添加“亻”部首的“债”字，用于专指人的债务。 In the Small Seal Script era, '责' appeared and served as the phonetic component for the later '债'. The addition of the 'person' (亻) radical happened later, creating '债' to specifically indicate debt owed by a person.
隶书 (Clerical Script):
隶书中固定为“亻”作偏旁加“责”，字形趋于方正，结构清晰，表达欠款之义。 In Clerical Script, '债' became standardized with the 'person' (亻) component and '责', in a squarer, more regular form, clearly expressing the meaning of debt.
楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):
现代楷书中，“债”字结构明显，由“亻”和“责”组成，广泛用于表示经济债务或责任。 In modern Regular Script, '债' is clearly structured with '亻' (person) and '责' (obligation), and is widely used to denote financial debt or responsibility.

常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)

债务 (debt; liability)

zhàiwù

公司正在努力减少债务。

Pinyin: Gōngsī zhèngzài nǔlì jiǎnshǎo zhàiwù.

Eng: The company is striving to reduce its debt.

还债 (to repay a debt)

huán zhài

他终于把欠的钱都还债了。

Pinyin: Tā zhōngyú bǎ qiàn de qián dōu huán zhài le.

Eng: He finally repaid all the money he owed.

负债 (to be in debt; indebted)

fùzhài

过度消费容易导致负债。

Pinyin: Guòdù xiāofèi róngyì dǎozhì fùzhài.

Eng: Excessive spending easily leads to being in debt.

相关成语 (Related Idioms)

相关成语信息待补充。Related idiom information pending.

多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))

  • French: dette
  • German: Schuld
  • Spanish: deuda
  • Italian: debito
  • Portuguese: dívida
  • Russian: долг
  • Arabic: دين
  • Persian: بدهی
  • Dutch: schuld
  • Polish: dług
  • Vietnamese: nợ
  • Ukrainian: борг

视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)

通过以下链接在热门视频网站搜索 "债" 的更多讲解：

Search for more explanations of "债" on popular video sites:

网络参考 (Web References for "债") ()

网络内容摘要 (Web Content Summary):

  • 核心含义： “债”指因经济往来而欠下的钱或责任，强调必须归还的义务。 Core meaning: "债" (zhài) means debt or financial obligation that must be repaid, often arising from money owed.

  • 字形起源与结构： “债”来源于“責”（责），为形声兼会意字。其本义来自“責”（要求偿还金钱），结构上表示与金钱和责任相关联。楷书和篆书形体有演变。 Origin & Formation: "债" evolved from "責" (zé), combining sound and meaning. The character structure reflects the idea of financial responsibility. Its appearance has changed from seal script to modern forms.

  • 易混点及用法： “债”常与“贷”或“责”易混。常见用法如“债务”（debt）、“还债”（repay a debt）、“欠债”（owe a debt）。没有复杂的成语，但在经济、法律场景频繁出现。 Common Mistakes/Application: "债" is often confused with similar characters like "贷" (loan) or "责" (responsibility). Frequent phrases: "债务" (debt), "还债" (repay a debt), "欠债" (owe a debt). It's common in business and legal contexts.

  • 文化背景： “债”反映了中华文化对信用、责任和清偿的重视。从甲骨文起，其社会意义逐步演化为现代经济生活的重要概念。 Cultural Background: "债" highlights the Chinese cultural emphasis on trustworthiness, responsibility, and financial obligation, evolving from ancient scripts to become a key term in modern economic life.

提示：由于甲骨文相关解析信息较少，如需深入了解其早期象形本义需查阅专业书籍。 Note: Early oracle bone pictographic details are limited in available resources; refer to specialized dictionaries for more.

债字形演变字源_汉字「债」_债的甲骨文_债的金文_金文编_甲骨文编

從「責」，聲符，注明音讀，兼表義。責，本義為要求錢財，引申為負有必須償還的財貨責任。會二字得積欠他人錢財之義。楷書承之，篆文所從「責」，上體從朿聲，楷書變作「 」，已失其原形而定體。在六書中屬於形聲兼會意。 汉字：「债」 字形演变 字源 ...

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