祸

Pinyin: huò | Core Meaning: disaster, calamity, misfortune; something harmful or disastrous.

基本信息 (Basic Information)

含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)

中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 灾难、灾害，不幸的事情。

英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): disaster, calamity, misfortune; something harmful or disastrous.

“祸”多用于表示坏事、不幸或灾难，如“灾祸”“祸害”“祸端”。常用于抽象意义，指自然、社会或个人的不幸事件。有时也用于比喻。 ‘祸’ is commonly used to refer to disasters, misfortune, calamities, or trouble, such as in words like ‘灾祸’ (natural disaster), ‘祸害’ (to do harm), or ‘祸端’ (source of trouble). It mainly has an abstract meaning and often expresses negative events.

象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)

“祸”是形声字，左边“礻”（示）表示与神、祭祀有关；右边“咼”为声旁，含有偏离、异常之意。整体表示因为不正而导致的神降灾难、祸害。因此，“祸”形声结合，寓意恶运突至。‘祸’ is a phono-semantic compound character. The left side ‘礻’ (a form of ‘示’), suggests a relation to gods or rituals; the right side ‘咼’ provides the pronunciation and hints at deviation or abnormality. Together, it symbolizes a disaster brought upon by deities due to wrongdoing, combining meaning and sound to express misfortune or calamity.

文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)

与现代意义相近，主要指灾难、祸害，也有指罪恶、罪行等。Similar to modern meaning, mainly referring to disaster or calamity, sometimes also evil or wrongdoing.

深入学习 (In-depth Study)

字源故事 (Origin Story)

“祸”最早见于甲骨文，左边为“示”，表示与神祇、祭祀相关；右边为“咼”（guāi），指不正、邪曲。古人认为灾祸是神明降下的不幸，因此用“示”加上“不正”之意，组成“祸”，表示神降下的灾难或恶运。‘祸’ first appeared in oracle bone script. The left part is ‘示’, meaning offerings to gods or matters related to deities; the right part is ‘咼’ (guāi), meaning ‘crooked’ or ‘not straight’. Ancient people believed calamities were brought by the gods as punishment, so the character combines ‘示’ with the idea of deviation or abnormality, conveying the meaning of a disaster sent by deities.

字形演变 (Character Evolution)

甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):
甲骨文中“祸”的字形以“示”旁为主，右边为“咼”，描绘出祭祀与异常的结合，形体较为直观。 In oracle bone script, ‘祸’ uses the ‘示’ radical on the left and ‘咼’ on the right, visually combining symbols for worship and deviation; the structure is generally pictorial and straightforward.
金文 (Bronze Inscription):
金文中“祸”字形与甲骨文相似，但线条更加圆润，结构更为规范，仍为“示”加“咼”。 In bronze inscriptions, the form of ‘祸’ is similar to oracle bone script but the strokes are smoother and the structure more regulated, still composed of ‘示’ and ‘咼’.
小篆 (Small Seal Script):
小篆时期，“祸”结构变得更加修长与对称，左右分明，偏旁细长，平衡美观。 In small seal script, ‘祸’ becomes more elongated and symmetrical, with distinct left-right components; the radicals are slender and balanced.
隶书 (Clerical Script):
隶书中，“祸”字的横折转折更为分明，笔画更扁平，结构紧凑，便于书写。 In clerical script, the turning and folding of strokes in ‘祸’ become more pronounced; the form is flatter and more compact for easier writing.
楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):
现代楷书中，“祸”字左为“示”（现多写作“礻”），右为“咼”，字形规范、易认。 In modern regular script, ‘祸’ consists of ‘礻’ (a simplified form of ‘示’) on the left and ‘咼’ on the right, making the character standardized and easy to recognize.

常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)

灾祸 (disaster; calamity)

zāi huò

这场洪水给村庄带来了严重的灾祸。

Pinyin: Zhè chǎng hóngshuǐ gěi cūnzhuāng dàilái le yánzhòng de zāihuò.

Eng: The flood brought serious disaster to the village.

祸害 (to do harm; harm; scourge)

huò hài

蝗虫是一种严重的农作物祸害。

Pinyin: Huángchóng shì yī zhǒng yánzhòng de nóngzuòwù huòhài.

Eng: Locusts are a serious scourge to crops.

祸端 (source of disaster or trouble)

huò duān

他说的话成了事件的祸端。

Pinyin: Tā shuō de huà chéng le shìjiàn de huòduān.

Eng: What he said became the source of the trouble.

相关成语 (Related Idioms)

祸不单行 huò bù dān xíng

Meaning: Misfortunes never come singly; when it rains, it pours.

“祸不单行”用来形容坏事常常接连发生。古人说，灾祸常常同时降临或接二连三，让人难以应对。 ‘Misfortunes never come singly’ refers to the idea that bad things often happen one after another. In ancient times, people believed disasters tended to arrive at the same time or in a series, making them hard to cope with.

多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))

  • French: malheur, calamité, désastre
  • German: Unheil, Unglück, Katastrophe
  • Spanish: desgracia, calamidad, desastre
  • Italian: sventura, calamità, disastro
  • Portuguese: desgraça, calamidade, desastre
  • Russian: беда, несчастье, катастрофа
  • Arabic: كارثة، مصيبة، بلاء
  • Persian: فاجعه، بلا، مصیبت
  • Dutch: ramp, onheil, ellende
  • Polish: nieszczęście, klęska, katastrofa
  • Vietnamese: tai hoạ, thảm hoạ, bất hạnh
  • Ukrainian: лихо, нещастя, катастрофа

视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)

通过以下链接在热门视频网站搜索 "祸" 的更多讲解：

Search for more explanations of "祸" on popular video sites:

网络参考 (Web References for "祸") ()

网络内容摘要 (Web Content Summary):

祸的核心含义是“灾难”、“不幸”，与“福”（幸福、好运）相对。 Huò primarily means "disaster" or "misfortune," and is the opposite of "福" ("fortune" or "blessing").

在字形起源上，“祸”由“示”（与神明、祭祀有关的符号）和“呙”（声旁）组成。古人认为祸患是神明降下的不幸。《说文解字》解释：“祸，害也，神不福也。” The character is composed of “示” (relating to deities and rituals) and the phonetic part “呙.” In ancient thought, disasters were believed to be misfortunes sent by gods. According to the ancient dictionary "Shuowen Jiezi": "Huò" means harm; it is what the gods do not bless.

  • 常见搭配：如“祸害”、“灾祸”、“祸福”（常见于成语“祸福无常”、“祸福相依”）。 Common word combinations: e.g., "祸害" (disaster/harm), "灾祸" (calamity), and "祸福" (misfortune and fortune; seen in idioms such as "祸福无常"—fortune and misfortune are unpredictable, "祸福相依"—misfortune and fortune interdepend.)
  • 易混淆：不要和“福”混淆，两者意义相反。 Easily confused: Do not confuse with "福" (fortune), which means the opposite.

文化上，“祸”常用于描述负面事件，也反映出古人对命运和神明关系的看法。 Culturally, "祸" is often used for negative events and reflects the ancient belief in the influence of gods over human destiny.

汉字"祸"的起源、演变过程-汉字字源辞典

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