牵

Pinyin: qiān | Core Meaning: to pull, to lead, usually referring to leading or pulling something or someone with a rope or by hand.

基本信息 (Basic Information)

含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)

中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 拉，带领，多指用绳子或手把物体或人引导、带走。

英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): to pull, to lead, usually referring to leading or pulling something or someone with a rope or by hand.

“牵”多用于“牵手”“牵引”“牵挂”等表达，表示用手或绳带领或引导，也有引申为关心、挂念的意思。 In modern Chinese, '牵' is commonly found in phrases like '牵手' (hold hands), '牵引' (pull or guide), and '牵挂' (to worry about). It can mean physically leading or pulling, and also figuratively, to care about someone.

象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)

“牵”字左边是表牲畜的“牛”，右边的“欠”原像人伸手作拉的动作，整个字形表现了牵动物前行的场景。The left side of '牵' is the radical '牛' meaning livestock, and the right side '欠' originally resembles a person reaching out to pull; the structure as a whole depicts the scene of leading animals forward.

文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)

与现代意义相近，主要指牵拉、带领。Similar to modern meaning, mainly refers to pulling or leading.

深入学习 (In-depth Study)

字源故事 (Origin Story)

“牵”字最早起源于表示用绳子或手引导牲畜的动作。“牵”的左边是“牛”，表示与牛有关，右边为“欠”，像人伸手的形状，形象地表现了牵拉的动作。The character '牵' originated from the action of leading livestock with a rope or by hand. The left part is '牛' (ox/cow), indicating its relation to cattle, while the right part is '欠', which looks like a human reaching out, vividly showing the action of pulling or leading.

字形演变 (Character Evolution)

甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):
甲骨文中未见现今“牵”字，有相关的表示拉、牵牲畜动作的象形字。 The current form of '牵' did not appear in oracle bone script, but there are pictographic forms representing the action of pulling or leading livestock.
金文 (Bronze Inscription):
金文中出现了类似“牵”的结构，包括“牛”字旁和表动作的人形，显示拉动物的行为。 In bronze inscriptions, a structure similar to '牵' appears, combining the 'ox' radical and a person-like shape depicting the action of pulling animals.
小篆 (Small Seal Script):
小篆中“牵”字已成现在偏旁结构，左“牛”右“欠”，笔画流畅，结构固定。 '牵' in Small Seal Script has the modern structure with '牛' on the left and '欠' on the right; the strokes are smooth and the structure is fixed.
隶书 (Clerical Script):
隶书中“牵”的各部分变平变宽，书写更加方正，左右结构更加明显。 '牵' in Clerical Script became flatter and wider, with a more square shape and clearer left-right structure.
楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):
现代楷书中“牵”字基本定型，结构紧凑，书写规范，广泛用于现代汉语。 In modern Regular Script, the form of '牵' is fixed and compact; it is written in a standardized way, widely used in modern Chinese.

常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)

牵手 (hold hands)

qiān shǒu

他们在公园里牵手散步。

Pinyin: Tāmen zài gōngyuán lǐ qiān shǒu sànbù.

Eng: They walked hand in hand in the park.

牵挂 (to worry about; to care about (someone far away))

qiān guà

妈妈一直牵挂在外工作的儿子。

Pinyin: Māma yīzhí qiānguà zài wài gōngzuò de érzi.

Eng: Mother always worries about her son working away from home.

牵引 (to pull; traction; to guide)

qiān yǐn

这台机器可以用来牵引重物。

Pinyin: Zhè tái jīqì kěyǐ yòng lái qiānyǐn zhòngwù.

Eng: This machine can be used to pull heavy objects.

相关成语 (Related Idioms)

一牵一挂 yī qiān yī guà

Meaning: to be concerned about and think of (someone) all the time

“一牵一挂”形容牵挂的心情，常用于描述思念亲人、朋友时的情感，并无特定历史故事。 '一牵一挂' describes the feeling of care and concern, often used in the context of missing relatives or friends; it does not have a specific historical story.

多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))

  • French: tirer, mener, entraîner
  • German: ziehen, führen
  • Spanish: tirar, guiar, llevar
  • Italian: tirare, condurre
  • Portuguese: puxar, conduzir
  • Russian: тянуть, вести
  • Arabic: يسحب، يقود
  • Persian: کشیدن، هدایت کردن
  • Dutch: trekken, leiden
  • Polish: ciągnąć, prowadzić
  • Vietnamese: kéo, dẫn dắt
  • Ukrainian: тягти, вести

视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)

通过以下链接在热门视频网站搜索 "牵" 的更多讲解：

Search for more explanations of "牵" on popular video sites:

网络参考 (Web References for "牵") ()

网络内容摘要 (Web Content Summary):

牵的核心含义是“拉”、“带领”，常指用绳子或其他物体把某物（多为动物或人）拉着走。 Qiān basically means "to pull" or "to lead," often referring to leading or pulling something (usually animals or people) with a rope or similar tool.

该字最早见于战国时期，属于形声字。甲骨文中“牵”由“牛”（动物，形符）、“糸”（绳子）和“环圈”组成，表示用绳索和环把牛拉住，相当形象地反映了农人牵引牛的动作。篆书将“糸”演变为“玄”，成为声符。 The character originated in the Warring States period and is a phono-semantic compound. In oracle bone script, its components are "niú" (cow, semantic part), "mì" (silk cord, for rope), and a "ring," vividly depicting the action of leading or controlling a cow by a rope through its nose. In seal script, "mì" evolved to form "xuán," becoming the phonetic part.

现代汉字“牵”在简体字中写作“牵”。常见词语有“牵手”（hand in hand）、“牵挂”（to worry/care about）、“牵引”（to pull/traction）。相关成语有“牵牛织女”、“牵强附会”（far-fetched）。 In modern simplified Chinese, it's written as "牵". Common words/phrases include “牵手" (hand in hand), “牵挂" (to worry or care about), "牵引" (to pull/traction). Related idioms include “牵牛织女” (the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl) and "牵强附会" (to force connections between unrelated things).

  • 易混淆点：“牵”易与“牺牲”的“牺”等动物相关形声字混淆，注意字形区别。 Common confusion: "牵" can be confused with other animal-related characters like “牺” (as in sacrificial animal); pay attention to the differences in strokes and components.
  • 文化背景：成语“牵牛织女”源自中国牛郎织女的传说，是七夕节的重要象征。 Cultural note: The idiom “牵牛织女” comes from a famous legend (the Cowherd and Weaver Girl), associated with the Qixi Festival (Chinese Valentine’s Day).

牵字形演变字源_汉字「牵」_牵的甲骨文_牵的金文_金文编_甲骨文编

此字始見於戰國文字。戰國文字、篆文及楷書字形皆為從牛、玄聲，中像拉牛之繩索。「牛」為動物名，作為形符，表示義與牛有關；「玄」為幽暗深遠，於此作為不示義的聲符，表示音讀。在六書中屬於形聲附加實像。大陸通行規範字作「牵」。

汉字"牵"的起源、演变过程-汉字字源辞典

" 牵 "的字源解说 牽 ，甲骨文 （ 牛，力畜 ） （ 囗，环圈 ） （ 糸，绳子 ），表示农人在牛鼻孔上上环圈，并用系在环圈上的绳子来控制犟牛。 篆文 将甲骨文字形中的 " 糸" 写成 " 玄 " ，将甲骨文字形中的环圈 写成 " 冂 " ，将甲骨文字形中的 写成 。

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