学习汉字 "敬" (jìng) - Learn Chinese Character "敬"

基本信息 (Basic Information)

含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)

中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 尊重、恭敬，有礼貌地对待。

英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): respect, to show respect, to honor; polite, reverent attitude.

“敬”常用于表达对他人尊重或敬意。如“敬礼”、“敬爱”、“敬酒”等。可做动词或形容词，强调恭敬有礼。 ‘敬’ is mainly used to express respect or reverence for someone, such as in phrases like '敬礼' (to salute), '敬爱' (to respect and love), or '敬酒' (to offer wine respectfully). It can function as both a verb ('to honor, to salute') and an adjective ('respectful').

象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)

“敬”由“苟”和“攴”组成，“苟”表示专心、谨慎，“攴”表示动作或手持工具，合起来寓意恭敬、尊重地对待某事或某人。因此从字形看，表现了行事时的专注与尊重。‘敬’ is composed of ‘苟’, denoting attentiveness or caution, and ‘攴’, representing action or holding a tool. The combination depicts acting respectfully and carefully towards someone or something, conveying focus and reverence through its structure.

文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)

与现代意义相近，主要指恭敬、尊重，有时还表示谨慎、小心。Similar to modern meaning, mainly indicating respect, reverence, and sometimes caution or carefulness.

深入学习 (In-depth Study)

字源故事 (Origin Story)

“敬”最早见于甲骨文，由“苟”和“攴”组成。“苟”本义为警觉，表示谨慎认真，“攴”为手持棍棒之意，表示动作。组合起来，代表专心做事、以敬畏的态度对待万物，后来引申为尊重、恭敬。The character ‘敬’ was first seen in oracle bone script, composed of parts ‘苟’ (vigilant or careful) and ‘攴’ (a hand holding a stick, representing action). Together, they signify acting with utmost care and reverence, which developed into the meaning of ‘respect’ and ‘showing honor’.

字形演变 (Character Evolution)

甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):

甲骨文中的“敬”由‘苟’和‘攴’组成，形状较为抽象，表现出持物以示尊敬的动作。 In oracle bone script, ‘敬’ is made up of '苟' and '攴', with a somewhat abstract form, suggesting the action of holding something respectfully.

金文 (Bronze Inscription):

金文时期“敬”结构清晰，‘攴’的部分更明显，整体线条更圆润易认。 In Bronze Inscription, the structure of ‘敬’ becomes clearer, with the '攴' component more distinct and overall rounder, more recognizable lines.

小篆 (Small Seal Script):

小篆中的“敬”结构较为规整，部首分布均匀，已有现代字形的雏形。 In Small Seal Script, ‘敬’ appears more regular and symmetrical; its basic form closely resembles the modern character.

隶书 (Clerical Script):

隶书中“敬”横平竖直，笔画更加简化，线条变粗，有较强的装饰性。 In Clerical Script, ‘敬’ features more horizontal and vertical strokes, simplified lines, and bolder, decorative style.

楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):

现代楷书“敬”结构严整，笔画分明，是当代常用的标准写法。 In modern Regular Script, ‘敬’ is precisely structured with clear strokes, which is the standardized style used today.

常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)

敬礼 (to salute, show respect (usually by gesture))

jìng lǐ

士兵向国旗敬礼。

Pinyin: Shìbīng xiàng guóqí jìnglǐ.

Eng: The soldiers salute the national flag.

敬爱 (to respect and love)

jìng ài

学生们都非常敬爱他们的老师。

Pinyin: Xuéshēngmen dōu fēicháng jìng'ài tāmen de lǎoshī.

Eng: The students all deeply respect and love their teacher.

敬酒 (to offer a toast respectfully)

jìng jiǔ

他向长辈敬酒以示礼貌。

Pinyin: Tā xiàng zhǎngbèi jìngjiǔ yǐ shì lǐmào.

Eng: He offered a toast respectfully to the elders as a sign of courtesy.

多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))

French: respect, vénérer
German: Respekt, ehren
Spanish: respetar, honrar
Italian: rispetto, onorare
Portuguese: respeito, honrar
Russian: уважение, почитать
Arabic: احترام، توقير
Persian: احترام، بزرگداشت
Dutch: respect, eren
Polish: szacunek, szanować
Vietnamese: tôn kính, kính trọng
Ukrainian: повага, шанувати

视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)

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网络参考 (Web References for "敬") ()

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敬