学习汉字 "滥" (làn) - Learn Chinese Character "滥"

基本信息 (Basic Information)

含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)

中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 水流漫溢；引申为过度、不加限制、没有节制。

英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): To overflow (water); by extension, excessive, indiscriminate, unrestrained.

“滥”常用作形容词或动词，多用于否定意义，如“滥用”“泛滥”，表示过度或不加控制地使用、扩散等，常用于批评不应有的‘过多’或‘无序’。 '滥' is mainly used as an adjective or verb, often with negative connotations. Common in words like '滥用' (abuse, overuse) or '泛滥' (to flood, to run rampant), stressing excessiveness or lack of restraint, usually in criticism.

象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)

“滥”由“氵”表示水，与水有关；右边的“监”为声旁，借音表达。整体表示水流漫溢、没有约束的状态，因此引申为‘泛滥’‘过度’等意思。'滥' is made up of the water radical '氵' on the left (indicating water) and the phonetic element '监' on the right. Together, they originally depicted water overflowing without restraint, hence its extended meanings such as 'excessive' and 'indiscriminate'.

文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)

与现代意义相近，多指水过多而漫溢，引申为任何事物过度、无节制。Similar to modern meaning; mainly referred to overflowing water, but also generalized to other things done excessively or without restraint.

深入学习 (In-depth Study)

字源故事 (Origin Story)

“滥”最早由“水”和“监”组成，‘水’表意，与水相关，‘监’表声。原指水漫溢出来，后引申为泛滥、过度、毫无节制等含义。The character '滥' is composed of the water radical '氵' (indicating a relation to water) and the phonetic component '监'. It originally referred to the overflowing of water, and later extended to mean excessiveness or lack of restraint.

字形演变 (Character Evolution)

甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):

甲骨文中无“滥”字，相关表示溢水、泛滥的字多用简单的水流象形。 '滥' does not appear in Oracle Bone Script; related ideas such as 'overflow' were typically depicted by simple pictograms of water.

金文 (Bronze Inscription):

金文中未发现专门的“滥”字，用于表示水溢出时，常采用‘水’与其他部件组合。 '滥' has not been found as a distinct character in Bronze Inscriptions. Overflow concepts were usually expressed with 'water' radicals plus other components.

小篆 (Small Seal Script):

小篆时期，“滥”字由“氵”旁和“监”组成，结构初具现代形态，表示水溢出的意义。 In Small Seal Script, '滥' appeared formed of the water radical and '监' as phonetic, closely resembling the modern structure, indicating overflowing water.

隶书 (Clerical Script):

隶书中“滥”字笔画变得更加平直，结构趋于规范，便于书写。 In Clerical Script, '滥' became more angular and standardized, making it easier to write.

楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):

现代楷书中的“滥”由“氵”和“监”组成，笔画分明，形体端正。 In modern Regular Script, '滥' is composed of the water radical and '监', with clear, neat strokes.

常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)

滥用 (to abuse; to misuse; to overuse)

làn yòng

滥用药物会对身体造成严重伤害。

Pinyin: Làn yòng yàowù huì duì shēntǐ zàochéng yánzhòng shānghài.

Eng: Abusing medication can cause serious harm to the body.

泛滥 (to overflow; to flood; to spread unchecked)

fàn làn

网络谣言在社交媒体上泛滥。

Pinyin: Wǎngluò yáoyán zài shèjiāo méitǐ shàng fànlàn.

Eng: Online rumors are spreading unchecked on social media.

滥竽充数 (to pass oneself off as one of the players; to make up numbers with inferior items/people)

làn yú chōng shù

公司招聘时不能让不合格的人来滥竽充数。

Pinyin: Gōngsī zhāopìn shí bùnéng ràng bù hégé de rén lái làn yú chōng shù.

Eng: The company should not let unqualified people make up the numbers when hiring.

多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))

French: déborder; excessif; abusif
German: überlaufen; übermäßig; missbräuchlich
Spanish: desbordar; excesivo; abusivo
Italian: traboccare; eccessivo; abusivo
Portuguese: transbordar; excessivo; abusivo
Russian: переполняться; чрезмерный; злоупотреблять
Arabic: يفيض؛ مفرط؛ تعسفي
Persian: سرریز شدن؛ افراطی؛ سوءاستفاده
Dutch: overstromen; excessief; misbruik
Polish: przelewać się; nadmierny; nadużycie
Vietnamese: tràn; quá mức; lạm dụng
Ukrainian: переповнюватися; надмірний; зловживання

视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)

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网络参考 (Web References for "滥") ()

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滥