函

Pinyin: hán | Core Meaning: letter, to contain, container, box

基本信息 (Basic Information)

含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)

中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 信件、涵盖、容器、盒子

英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): letter, to contain, container, box

现代汉语中，“函”多用作“信件”的意思，如“来函”、“公函”。有时也指密封的盒子或某些特殊文件，如“文件函”。此外，“函”还用于动词，意为包含、涵盖。 In modern Chinese, '函' most commonly means 'letter' or official correspondence, as in '来函' (incoming mail/letter) or '公函' (official letter). It can also refer to a sealed box or certain types of documents. As a verb, it also means 'to contain' or 'to cover'.

象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)

“函”是会意字，外部‘凵’像盒子的形状，内部‘一’与‘匚’表示盒内放有物品，整体象征覆盖、包含的含义，因此引申出‘包含’和‘信件（盒中信件）’的意思。'函' is an ideogrammic character: with the outer part '凵' resembling the shape of a box or container, and inner components like '一' and '匚' indicating objects inside. Altogether, it suggests the act of enclosing or containing, hence its extended meanings of 'to contain' and 'letter (enclosed in a box)'.

文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)

在文言文中，“函”主要指盛放文书的匣子或盒子，也引申为书信、收藏、包含等意义，与现代意义相近。In Classical Chinese, '函' mainly referred to a case or box for holding documents, and by extension, to letters, collection, and containing. Similar to modern meaning.

深入学习 (In-depth Study)

字源故事 (Origin Story)

“函”最早起源于古代盛放书信的盒子。人们用封闭的盒子寄送信件，逐渐引申为信件、涵盖的意思。字形上描绘了盒子包裹物品的形态。The character '函' originated from the ancient practice of placing letters or documents in a closed box for delivery. Over time, it extended to mean 'letter' and 'to contain.' Its structure depicts a box enclosing something inside.

字形演变 (Character Evolution)

甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):
甲骨文中的“函”较为简朴，多表现为盒子包裹物体的象形结构，外形像一个有盖的容器。 In Oracle Bone Script, '函' had a simple pictographic form, resembling a box enclosing something, with the outline of a container and a lid.
金文 (Bronze Inscription):
金文中的“函”形状更加规整，盒子的形状更加明显，有的刻画出盒子内部的内容。 In Bronze Inscriptions, '函' took on a more regular and pronounced shape, clearly showing the form of a box, sometimes with marks depicting the contents inside.
小篆 (Small Seal Script):
小篆中的“函”结构更为修长，线条流畅，外部轮廓保持盒子的形象，内部线条更加规范。 In Small Seal Script, '函' appears with elongated and smooth lines, still keeping the box-like outline, with inner structure more regulated.
隶书 (Clerical Script):
隶书将“函”的结构进一步简化和横平竖直，形成了更加接近现代汉字的形体。 In Clerical Script, '函' was further simplified and made more angular, laying the foundation for its present-day appearance.
楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):
现代楷书中“函”笔画清晰，由“箱/盒”外部结构和内部‘几’或‘匚’组成，稳定规范。 In modern Regular Script, '函' is composed of clear strokes, depicting an outer box-like structure with internal components resembling '几' or '匚', with a stable, standardized form.

常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)

来函 (incoming letter, your letter)

lái hán

收到您的来函，我们非常感谢。

Pinyin: Shōudào nín de lái hán, wǒmen fēicháng gǎnxiè.

Eng: We are very grateful to have received your letter.

公函 (official letter or correspondence)

gōng hán

单位之间需要通过公函联系。

Pinyin: Dānwèi zhījiān xūyào tōngguò gōng hán liánxì.

Eng: Organizations need to communicate via official letters.

函授 (correspondence education (distance learning by mail))

hán shòu

他通过函授方式完成了大学学业。

Pinyin: Tā tōngguò hán shòu fāngshì wánchéngle dàxué xuéyè.

Eng: He completed his university studies through correspondence education.

相关成语 (Related Idioms)

相关成语信息待补充。Related idiom information pending.

多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))

  • French: lettre, contenir, boîte
  • German: Brief, enthalten, Behälter
  • Spanish: carta, contener, caja
  • Italian: lettera, contenere, contenitore
  • Portuguese: carta, conter, caixa
  • Russian: письмо, содержать, ящик
  • Arabic: رسالة، احتواء، صندوق
  • Persian: نامه، در بر گرفتن، جعبه
  • Dutch: brief, bevatten, doos
  • Polish: list, zawierać, pudełko
  • Vietnamese: thư, chứa, hộp
  • Ukrainian: лист, містити, коробка

视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)

通过以下链接在热门视频网站搜索 "函" 的更多讲解：

Search for more explanations of "函" on popular video sites:

网络参考 (Web References for "函") ()

网络内容摘要 (Web Content Summary):

  • 核心含义与象形起源：“函”字本义为盛放箭矢的箭袋，源于甲骨文，字形象装有物品的容器。 Core Meaning & Pictographic Origin: The original meaning of "函" is a quiver for holding arrows. Its earliest form in oracle bone script resembles a container holding objects.

  • 引申含义：引申为包容、涵盖，有“包含”等抽象意义，也可泛指“装东西的容器”。 Extended Meaning: The word also means to contain or include, and can refer generally to any container.

  • 文化用法与常见词汇：“函”常用作名词，如邮箱（信函）、盒子（剑函、石函）等。同时，“函”可指信件或官方文书（如：公函、来函）。 Cultural Usage & Common Words: It's often seen in words related to letters (信函), boxes (剑函: sword case), or official documents (公函: official letter).

  • 其他用法与易混点：在古文中，“函”还能表示舌头或铠甲，现代汉语中较少使用。容易与“涵”（meaning "include, contain"）混淆，但“函”更侧重实体容纳，“涵”则多指抽象涵养。 Other Uses & Easily Confused Words: In classical texts, "函" could also mean tongue or armor, but these are rare in modern usage. Don't confuse "函" (physical container) with "涵" (to include; to nurture), which is more abstract.

函（汉语文字）_百度百科

函（拼音：hán）是汉语一级通用汉字（常用字）。此字始见于商代甲骨文，其古字形像内装箭矢的箭囊。函的本义即箭袋，泛指包物的东西，又特指包信等物的封套。另外函又表示含物之器。又引申为包含、涵盖等抽象意义。（基本信息主要来源：《新华写字字典 第2版》、汉典网）

函的解释|函的意思|汉典"函"字的基本解释 - 漢典

名. 舌頭。 《說文解字·𢎘部》：「函，舌也。」. 鎧甲、護身甲。 《周禮·冬官考工記》：「燕無函，秦無廬，胡無弓車。」 鄭玄注引鄭司農云：「函，鎧也。 」. 匣、盒子。 如：「劍函」、「鏡函」、「石函」。 《史記·卷八六·刺客傳·荊軻傳》：「荊軻奉樊於期頭函，而秦舞陽奉地圖柙，以 ...

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