候

Pinyin: hòu | Core Meaning: to wait, to inquire about, climate; also a noble title (marquis) in ancient China.

基本信息 (Basic Information)

含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)

中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 等候，等待；气候；旧时也指贵族封号如“诸侯”。

英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): to wait, to inquire about, climate; also a noble title (marquis) in ancient China.

“候”最常见的用法是表示‘等候’或‘等待’，如‘等候’、‘候车’等，也可作‘问候’（表示问安关心）。此外，‘气候’则表示天气和环境。作为名词“侯”也指古代贵族爵位（如“诸侯”），但在现代通常用‘侯’不用‘候’。 The most common modern use of '候' is to express 'to wait' (as in '等候', '候车'). It is also used in '问候' (to inquire about someone's well-being). As part of '气候', it refers to climate or weather conditions. When referring to a noble title (marquis), '侯' is more commonly used in modern contexts, not '候'.

象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)

“候”由“亻”（表示人）和“矦”组成。“矦”古义为守望、侦查，整体表达‘人在等候’的意思，形声兼会意字，因此写作‘候’。'候' is made of '亻' (person radical) and '矦'. '矦' originally meant to watch or scout. Together, they convey the idea of 'a person waiting' or 'standing watch'. The character uses both semantic and phonetic components.

文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)

文言文中“候”多指侦查、观望、探查，如“侦候敌情”，亦有等待、问候、气侯（今作气候）等义。与现代意义相近。'候' in classical Chinese often meant scouting, watching, or investigating, such as 'investigating enemy situation'; it also meant waiting, greeting, or (as '气侯') climate. Similar to modern meaning.

深入学习 (In-depth Study)

字源故事 (Origin Story)

“候”最初的字形由“亻”（人）和“矦”组成。“矦”本义为守望或侦查，与人在一起表示一个人在等待、守望他人消息，因此有‘等候’、‘侦候’等含义。后来引申为等待、问候、气候等义。The character '候' originally consists of '亻' (person) and '矦'. '矦' meant to watch or scout. Together, it depicts a person watching and waiting for something or someone, hence the core meaning of 'to wait' or 'to inquire'. Later, meanings were extended to include 'climate' and 'to greet'.

字形演变 (Character Evolution)

甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):
甲骨文中“候”字尚未出现，但“矦”用于侦查、守望，形似人站立远望，后来为“候”原型。 '候' did not directly appear in oracle bone script, but '矦' was used to mean 'to scout or watch', resembling a person standing and watching, which became the prototype for '候'.
金文 (Bronze Inscription):
金文中，“矦”与人形部件结合，表示人守望，在一旁等待，已初见‘候’字的结构。 In Bronze Inscriptions, '矦' was combined with human-shaped components, depicting a person keeping watch and waiting; the structure of '候' began to appear.
小篆 (Small Seal Script):
小篆的“候”字形标准化，由‘亻’和‘矦’组成，结构更加清晰。 In Small Seal Script, '候' became standardized, with components '亻' and '矦', the structure became clearer.
隶书 (Clerical Script):
隶书中“候”已经非常接近现代写法，笔画横平竖直，结构紧凑。 In Clerical Script, '候' looks very similar to the modern character, with strokes that are straight and structure that is compact.
楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):
现代楷书中“候”由‘亻’和‘矦’组成，字体端正、规范，为今天通用的写法。 In modern Regular Script, '候' is composed of '亻' and '矦', with upright and standard writing; this is the common form used today.

常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)

等候 (to wait)

děnghòu

请在大厅等候通知。

Pinyin: Qǐng zài dàtīng děnghòu tōngzhī.

Eng: Please wait for the notice in the hall.

候车 (to wait for a bus/train)

hòuchē

他在车站候车。

Pinyin: Tā zài chēzhàn hòuchē.

Eng: He is waiting for the bus at the station.

问候 (to greet, to send regards)

wènhòu

我向你表示诚挚的问候。

Pinyin: Wǒ xiàng nǐ biǎoshì chéngzhì de wènhòu.

Eng: I send you my sincere greetings.

气候 (climate)

qìhòu

这个城市的气候很温和。

Pinyin: Zhège chéngshì de qìhòu hěn wēnhé.

Eng: The climate of this city is mild.

相关成语 (Related Idioms)

相关成语信息待补充。Related idiom information pending.

多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))

  • French: attendre, climat, marquis (titre nobiliaire)
  • German: warten, Klima, Marquis (Adelstitel)
  • Spanish: esperar, clima, marqués (título nobiliario)
  • Italian: aspettare, clima, marchese (titolo nobiliare)
  • Portuguese: esperar, clima, marquês (título nobre)
  • Russian: ждать, климат, маркиз (дворянский титул)
  • Arabic: ينتظر، مناخ، مركيز (لقب نبيل)
  • Persian: منتظر بودن، آب‌وهوا، مارکی (لقب اشرافی)
  • Dutch: wachten, klimaat, markies (adellijke titel)
  • Polish: czekać, klimat, markiz (tytuł szlachecki)
  • Vietnamese: chờ đợi, khí hậu, hầu tước (tước hiệu quý tộc)
  • Ukrainian: чекати, клімат, маркіз (дворянський титул)

视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)

通过以下链接在热门视频网站搜索 "候" 的更多讲解：

Search for more explanations of "候" on popular video sites:

网络参考 (Web References for "候") ()

网络内容摘要 (Web Content Summary):

核心含义与字源：“候”字的本字为“侯”。根据甲骨文和篆文记载，“侯”原意是指在山崖间持弓带箭埋伏、等待猎物的人。随着“山崖行猎”这一本义的消失，后来在“侯”字上增加“人”旁，造出“候”字，代表“等待”或“观察”。Core Meaning and Etymology: The character "候" originally came from "侯". In oracle bone and seal scripts, "侯" meant a person lying in wait with bows and arrows on a cliff, hunting. As this meaning faded, a "person" radical (亻) was added to create "候", now generally meaning "to wait" or "to observe".

常见用法与易混淆点：“候”常与“等待”相关，如“等候”、“候车”等。易与“侯”（封号，如“诸侯”）混淆。成语如“守株待兔，可以表达等待机会的意思。Common Usages & Easily Confused Points: "候" is typically used in words related to waiting or considering, such as "等候" (to wait), "候车" (waiting for a vehicle). It is easily confused with "侯" (a noble title, as in "诸侯" – feudal lords). Idioms like "守株待兔" embody the meaning of waiting for an opportunity.

  • 常用词：等候（to wait）、时候（time, moment）、问候（to greet, to send regards）、候车（wait for a vehicle）Common Words: 等候 (to wait), 时候 (time/moment), 问候 (to greet), 候车 (waiting for a vehicle)
  • 易混字：侯（封号），与“候（等待）”意义不同。Easily Confused Character: 侯 (noble title), different in meaning from 候 (to wait).

小结：“候”主要表达“等待”或“观察”，注意与“侯”区分。Summary: "候" mainly signifies "to wait" or "to observe". Be careful not to confuse it with "侯" (noble title).

信息有限，未涉及更多成语或深层文化背景。Information is limited; no further idioms or deeper cultural background found.

汉字"候"的起源、演变过程-汉字字源辞典

汉字字源辞典收录13864条汉字词条，基本涵盖了常见汉字的字源解析，是汉字研究的必备工具。

【候】的甲骨文金文篆文字形演变含义 - 甲骨文研究网 甲骨文密码字典 在线甲骨文字典研究 - 甲骨文研究网 甲骨文密码字典 在线甲骨文字典研究 认路

汉字的来历和演变 (說文解字 篆體字) 甲骨文密码 【甲骨密码】 【其他解读】 "侯* "是"候"的本字。侯，甲骨文 =（厂，山崖）+（矢，箭），表示在山崖间行猎。当"侯"的"山崖行猎"本义消失后，篆文再加"人" 另造"候"代替。造字本义：持弓带箭在山崖间埋伏守等猎物。 --------------------------- 附 文言版 ...

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