学习汉字 "厉" (lì) - Learn Chinese Character "厉"

基本信息 (Basic Information)

含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)

中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 严厉，凶猛，危害；又指古代一种石头或山名。

英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): severe, fierce, harsh; also refers to a kind of stone or a mountain's name in ancient times.

“厉”常用来形容态度、语气等的严厉、严苛。例如“严厉”、“厉害”。有时也指气势强大或带有威胁感。现代用法一般不单独使用，多出现在合成词和成语中。 '厉' is often used to describe a severe or harsh attitude, tone, or action, such as in '严厉' (strict/severe) or '厉害' (fierce, powerful, sometimes 'awesome'). It usually does not appear alone in modern Chinese but is used in compound words and idioms.

象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)

“厉”最初是会意字，由“厂”（高崖、岩石）和“万”（本为刀形）组成，表示在岩石上磨刀，引申出“磨炼、严厉”等意义。'厉' was originally a compound ideogram, made up of '厂' (meaning cliff or rock) and '万' (originally shaped like a knife), suggesting the act of sharpening a blade on a stone, which led to the meanings of 'tempering, severity, harshness', etc.

文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)

本义为磨刀石，后引申为严厉、凶猛，与现代意义相近。Originally meant 'whetstone'; later extended to 'severe' or 'fierce'. Similar to modern meaning.

深入学习 (In-depth Study)

字源故事 (Origin Story)

“厉”最初见于甲骨文。原意是磨刀的石头，即“砺”。后来逐渐引申为厉害、严厉之义。甲骨文中的“厉”，下部像石头，上部像刀，表明这是一种用来磨利刀具的工具。The character '厉' first appeared in oracle bone script. Its original meaning was a whetstone, written as '砺' today. Over time, its meaning extended to include 'fierce' or 'severe'. In oracle bone script, the lower part of '厉' resembled a stone, and the upper part a knife, indicating a tool used for sharpening blades.

字形演变 (Character Evolution)

甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):

甲骨文中的“厉”像一块石头和一把刀的组合，形象表现磨刀石的意思。 In Oracle Bone Script, '厉' resembles a combination of a stone and a knife, vividly depicting the concept of a whetstone.

金文 (Bronze Inscription):

金文的“厉”结构较甲骨文更规整，石头和刀的特征更加明显，整体更简化。 '厉' in Bronze Inscription appears more regular with clearer features for stone and knife, and the structure is slightly simplified.

小篆 (Small Seal Script):

小篆时期，“厉”字形变长，线条流畅，石和刀的部件渐趋抽象。 In Small Seal Script, the form of '厉' becomes elongated with smoother lines, and the stone and knife elements grow more abstract.

隶书 (Clerical Script):

隶书的“厉”横画明显，结构趋向现代写法，部件简化。 In Clerical Script, the horizontal strokes of '厉' stand out, and its structure approaches the modern form with simplified components.

楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):

现代楷书中的“厉”已与现在通行的简体字基本一致，右下结构为“厂”与“万”。 In modern Regular Script, '厉' appears as its current simplified form, with the right part composed of '厂' and '万'.

常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)

严厉 (strict; severe)

yánlì

老师对违纪的学生非常严厉。

Pinyin: Lǎoshī duì wéijì de xuéshēng fēicháng yánlì.

Eng: The teacher is very strict with students who break the rules.

厉害 (fierce; powerful; awesome; intense)

lìhai

他的中文说得很厉害。

Pinyin: Tā de Zhōngwén shuō de hěn lìhai.

Eng: His Chinese is really impressive.

厉行 (to strictly enforce or carry out)

lìxíng

政府厉行节约，减少开支。

Pinyin: Zhèngfǔ lìxíng jiéyuē, jiǎnshǎo kāizhī.

Eng: The government strictly enforces thrift and reduces expenses.

多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))

French: sévère, féroce, dur
German: streng, heftig, scharf
Spanish: severo, feroz, duro
Italian: severo, feroce, duro
Portuguese: severo, feroz, rigoroso
Russian: строгий, суровый, жестокий
Arabic: شديد، قاسٍ، عنيف
Persian: شدید، سخت، خشن
Dutch: streng, fel, hard
Polish: surowy, ostry, srogi
Vietnamese: nghiêm khắc, dữ dội, ác liệt
Ukrainian: суворий, жорсткий, лютий

视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)

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网络参考 (Web References for "厉") ()

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厉