毁

Pinyin: huǐ | Core Meaning: to destroy, to damage, to ruin; destroy completely.

基本信息 (Basic Information)

含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)

中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 破坏，损坏，使失去原有形态或价值；毁掉。

英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): to destroy, to damage, to ruin; destroy completely.

“毁”常用于描述物体被破坏、名誉被损坏或抽象事物（如计划、关系）被破坏。在现代口语和书面语中，多见于“毁坏”、“毁灭”、“自毁”等词汇中。 '毁' is often used to describe the act of destroying physical objects, damaging reputation, or ruining abstract things (like plans or relationships). Commonly seen in words such as '毁坏' (to damage/destroy), '毁灭' (to annihilate), and '自毁' (self-destruction).

象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)

“毁”是会意字，将“殳”（打击工具）与“土”组合，表现打击土地，引申为进行破坏。加“口”后有毁誉、毁名的引申义。'毁' is a compound ideograph; the combination of '殳' (a striking tool) and '土' (earth) illustrates the act of striking the earth, thereby extending to the meaning of destruction. The later addition of '口' brings forth extensions like damaging someone's name or reputation.

文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)

与现代意义相近，主要表示破坏、损坏，也用作名誉受损。Similar to modern meaning; mainly refers to destruction or damage, and could also refer to damage to reputation.

深入学习 (In-depth Study)

字源故事 (Origin Story)

“毁”字初始为会意字，由“土”和“殳”组成。“殳”表示行动、打击，而“土”有土地之意，整体表达打击土地，引申为破坏、毁坏之意。后来又加“口”以表声音，引申为名誉损坏。The character '毁' originally was a compound ideograph, composed of '土' (earth) and '殳' (a weapon, indicating striking or action). This combination symbolized striking the earth, implying destruction or damage. Later, a '口' (mouth) was added, suggesting the idea of damaging reputation through words.

字形演变 (Character Evolution)

甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):
甲骨文中无“毁”字的确切记载，但相关表意多用“殳”表示打击，结合其他部首表达毁坏之义。 The exact character '毁' was not found in oracle bone script, but the '殳' component (meaning to strike) was often used to represent actions of destruction, sometimes combined with other elements to express the idea of damage.
金文 (Bronze Inscription):
金文中“毁”已见雏形，由“殳”与“土”合成，结构更清晰，体现打击土地的意思。 In Bronze Inscription, the proto-form of '毁' appears as a combination of '殳' and '土', with a clearer structure representing striking or damaging the earth.
小篆 (Small Seal Script):
小篆时期，“毁”字结构进一步规范，由“殳”、“土”和“口”组成，字形修长。 In Small Seal Script, the structure of '毁' became standardized, composed of '殳', '土', and '口', with an elongated and elegant form.
隶书 (Clerical Script):
隶书中“毁”字部首分明，线条变得平直，口土殳部结构更为清晰。 In Clerical Script, the radicals of '毁' are distinct and the lines are straighter, making the composition with '口', '土', and '殳' clearer.
楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):
现代楷书中“毁”结构紧凑，上为“殳”，下有“口”与“土”，用笔规范。 In modern Regular Script, '毁' has a compact structure: '殳' on top and '口' and '土' below, with standardized strokes.

常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)

毁灭 (to destroy, to annihilate)

huǐmiè

这场地震几乎毁灭了整个城市。

Pinyin: Zhè chǎng dìzhèn jīhū huǐmiè le zhěnggè chéngshì.

Eng: The earthquake almost destroyed the whole city.

毁坏 (to vandalize, to damage)

huǐhuài

他不小心毁坏了图书馆的书。

Pinyin: Tā bù xiǎoxīn huǐhuài le túshūguǎn de shū.

Eng: He accidentally damaged the library's books.

自毁 (self-destruction)

zìhuǐ

过度的压力有时会导致自毁行为。

Pinyin: Guòdù de yālì yǒushí huì dǎozhì zìhuǐ xíngwéi.

Eng: Excessive pressure can sometimes lead to self-destructive behavior.

相关成语 (Related Idioms)

自取其毁 zì qǔ qí huǐ

Meaning: to bring ruin upon oneself

“自取其毁”形容人自找麻烦或灾难，本意是自己的行为导致自身受损。这一成语多用来劝诫他人要谨慎行事。 '自取其毁' describes someone who brings disaster or trouble onto themselves by their own actions. The idiom is often used to advise people to act cautiously to avoid self-inflicted harm.

多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))

  • French: détruire, ruiner
  • German: zerstören, ruinieren
  • Spanish: destruir, arruinar
  • Italian: distruggere, rovinare
  • Portuguese: destruir, arruinar
  • Russian: разрушать, портить
  • Arabic: يدمر، يخرب
  • Persian: ویران کردن، نابود کردن
  • Dutch: vernietigen, ruïneren
  • Polish: zniszczyć, zrujnować
  • Vietnamese: phá hủy, làm hỏng
  • Ukrainian: знищувати, руйнувати

视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)

通过以下链接在热门视频网站搜索 "毁" 的更多讲解：

Search for more explanations of "毁" on popular video sites:

网络参考 (Web References for "毁") ()

网络内容摘要 (Web Content Summary):

核心含义：“毁”主要表示破坏、损坏。 Core meaning: "毁" mainly means to destroy or damage.

字源及有趣背景：“毁”字本义中还曾表示“诽谤”，即口头上的损害。现在主要用于表示物理上的毁坏。该字本身不是《说文解字》部首，现归入“殳”部，表示与打击、损坏有关。 Etymology & interesting background: "毁" originally could also mean "to slander" (damage by words), but now it mostly refers to physical destruction. It belongs to the “殳” radical, relating to striking or breaking.

相关用法与易混点：古代“毁”有“诽谤”之意，现代多指破坏。 Usage & confusion tips: In ancient times, "毁" meant "to slander;" now it usually means "to destroy."

  • 常用词语/成语：如“毁灭”（to destroy）、“自毁”（self-destruction）、“损毁”（to damage）。 Common words/idioms: e.g. "毁灭" (to destroy), "自毁" (self-destruction), "损毁" (to damage).
  • 相关的形声字有：燬、譭等，也与“毁”表示损坏的含义有关。 Related phono-semantic characters: 燬, 譭, etc., which also relate to the sense of destruction.

信息相对有限，未见有丰富的文化典故，仅字源与用法较为突出。 Information is relatively limited; mainly etymology and typical usage are notable, with no abundant cultural anecdotes.

汉字"毁"的起源、演变过程-汉字字源辞典

汉字字源辞典收录13864条汉字词条，基本涵盖了常见汉字的字源解析，是汉字研究的必备工具。 请输入您要查询的汉字： 汉字: 毁: 字源: 毁. hu ...

汉字"毁"的起源与演变（源流）-汉字字源网

毁也兼表义。 异体作䛼。 读hui，本义指诽谤：见书詈骂，大加诋～。此义如今由"毁"来表示。 【组字】毁，如今既可单用，也可作偏旁。不是《说文》部首。现今归入殳部。凡从毁取义的字皆与损坏等义有关。 以毁作声兼义符的字有：燬、譭。

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