苫 🔊

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核心含义：“苫”字本义为用草、麦秆或芦苇编成的草席、草垫，常用于覆盖屋顶、防雨或临时睡卧之用。 Core meaning: The character "苫" originally refers to a mat or thatch made from straw, reeds, or wheat stalks, often used for roofing, as rain protection, or as a temporary bedding.

象形起源及文化背景：“苫”从“艹”（植物），表示与草类有关。从古代社会的生活习惯来看，苫席常见于贫苦或临时环境中，亦是古人丧礼中的重要物品，如“苫庐”专指丧礼期间子孙居住的草庐。此外，“寝苫枕块”（睡草席枕土块）是古代丧礼中子女居丧的一种标志性行为。 Pictographic origin and cultural background: "苫" contains the "艹" radical (related to plants), underlining its connection to grass and reeds. In traditional culture, thatch mats often appeared in contexts of poverty or as temporary housing. Especially during mourning, "苫" features prominently—for example, "苫庐" refers to a mourning hut, and “寝苫枕块” describes the custom of children sleeping on mats and pillows of earth during mourning.

• 常用词语：苫席（straw mat）、苫庐（mourning hut）、苫次（mourning hut period）、苫条（thatch strips）、苫块（thatch and soil block, refers to mourning conduct）。 Common words: 苫席 (straw mat), 苫庐 (mourning hut), 苫次 (mourning period/hut), 苫条 (thatch strips), 苫块 (mat and soil block, refer to mourning practices).
• 特别用法与易混淆词：“苫”在用于丧礼时，常关联草席、简陋居所等意象。注意不要与读音相似但含义不同的“杉”（shān，指木名）混淆。另外，“苫”还读 shàn，用于“苫蔽”（遮盖）等较生僻的用法，应以 chán 读音为主。 Special usages and common confusions: "苫" often appears in the context of mourning, representing mats or simple dwellings. It should not be confused with "杉" (shān, a type of tree). Also, "苫" has a rarely used reading "shàn" (in words like 苫蔽, meaning to cover), but the main pronunciation is "chán".

总体来看，“苫”侧重于与草席及丧礼、简陋生活相关的场景。 Overall, "苫" is most closely associated with straw mats, mourning customs, and simple, rustic living circumstances.