学习汉字 "睦" (mù) - Learn Chinese Character "睦"

基本信息 (Basic Information)

含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)

中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 和睦，亲近、友好相处。

英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): harmonious, friendly relations, amity

“睦”在现代汉语主要用作形容词，表示关系融洽、和善，多用于描述家庭、邻里、国家等的关系，如“和睦”、“睦邻”。一般不用作动词。 '睦' is mainly used as an adjective in modern Chinese, describing harmonious and friendly relationships, especially among families, neighbors, or between countries. Common in compounds like '和睦' (harmonious) or '睦邻' (good-neighborliness). Rarely used as a verb.

象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)

“睦”字左为“目”（眼睛），右为“坴”，本义为彼此看得亲近，引申为和睦、亲善。结构体现了用眼神、心意彼此关怀的意思。The left part '目' means 'eye', and the right part '坴' suggests closeness or earth, together implying 'looking at each other with friendliness'. The structure means mutual care and harmony, visually expressing the idea of harmonious relations.

文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)

与现代意义相近，常指亲善、和谐相处。Similar to modern meaning, usually refers to friendliness or living in harmony.

深入学习 (In-depth Study)

字源故事 (Origin Story)

“睦”最早见于战国时期的青铜器铭文和古籍，用“目”和“坴”，表示‘用眼睛看得亲近’，进而引申为关系和谐、亲近。The character '睦' first appeared in inscriptions on bronze vessels and ancient texts during the Warring States period. It’s formed from the components '目' (eye) and '坴' (pronounced 'lù'), implying 'looking at someone with closeness,' and thus extended to mean harmonious and friendly relationships.

字形演变 (Character Evolution)

甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):

甲骨文中没有发现“睦”的独立字形，但“目”字作为部首十分常见，代表眼睛。 There is no independent character for '睦' found in oracle bone script, but the 'eye' (目) component is commonly present.

金文 (Bronze Inscription):

在金文中，“睦”由“目”和“坴”组成，形体较为复杂，表示用眼神表达亲近。 In bronze inscriptions, '睦' is composed of '目' (eye) and '坴', with a relatively complex form, expressing closeness through the eyes.

小篆 (Small Seal Script):

小篆中“睦”结构更加规范，左边为“目”，右边为“坴”，形体修长分明。 In small seal script, the structure of '睦' became more standardized: '目' on the left and '坴' on the right, with slender and distinct strokes.

隶书 (Clerical Script):

隶书的“睦”结构扁平，笔画有波磔，书写更为流畅。 In clerical script, '睦' has a flatter structure and more pronounced strokes, making its writing style more fluid.

楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):

现代楷书中，“睦”字部首为“目”，右侧结构简化为常见形态，整体清晰易读。 In modern regular script, '睦' has the 'eye' radical (目) on the left and a simplified right part, making it clear and easy to read.

常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)

和睦 (harmonious; on good terms)

hé mù

他们一家人一直非常和睦。

Pinyin: Tāmen yī jiā rén yīzhí fēicháng hémù.

Eng: Their family has always been very harmonious.

睦邻 (good-neighborliness; friendly with neighbors)

mù lín

两国一直保持睦邻关系。

Pinyin: Liǎng guó yīzhí bǎochí mùlín guānxì.

Eng: The two countries have always maintained good-neighborly relations.

多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))

French: harmonieux, amical
German: harmonisch, freundlich
Spanish: armonioso, amistoso
Italian: armonioso, amichevole
Portuguese: harmonioso, amigável
Russian: гармоничный, дружелюбный
Arabic: ودي، متآلف
Persian: هماهنگ، دوستانه
Dutch: harmonieus, vriendelijk
Polish: harmonijny, przyjazny
Vietnamese: hài hoà, thân thiện
Ukrainian: гармонійний, дружній

视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)

通过以下链接在热门视频网站搜索 "睦" 的更多讲解：

Search for more explanations of "睦" on popular video sites:

在 Bilibili.com 搜索 "睦字源说文解字" (Search on Bilibili)
在 YouTube.com 搜索 "睦 character origin etymology" (Search on YouTube)

网络参考 (Web References for "睦") ()

网络内容摘要 (Web Content Summary):

核心含义：“睦”是一个形声字，基本意思是“和睦、和气相处”，常用来指人与人之间和谐美好、亲近无争。 Core meaning: “睦” is a phono-semantic character meaning harmonious, friendly or amicable, often describing harmonious relationships between people.
字形起源：“睦”最早见于西周金文，属于形声字。右边的“见/目”表示“看见”“眼睛”，左边为声旁“𠒶”（读作lù，义未详）。本义与看、眼神和顺有关。 Origin: “睦” first appeared in Western Zhou dynasty bronze inscriptions as a phono-semantic character. The right part “见/目” represents “to see” or “eye”, and the left provides the sound. The original meaning relates to a kind and gentle gaze.
常用词语和成语：常见词有“和睦”（harmonious）、“友睦”（friendly relations）。常用成语如“其乐融融，亲睦无间”。 Common words and idioms: Typical words include "和睦" (harmonious), "友睦" (friendly relations). Idioms: "其乐融融" (living in harmony and happiness), "亲睦无间" (close and harmonious).
易混淆点：“睦”与“目”字形相近，意义不同。学习时需注意“睦”有“和睦、友好”的含义，不仅仅指“眼睛”。 Easy to confuse: “睦” is visually similar to “目” (eye), but their meanings differ. “睦” emphasizes harmony and friendliness, not merely sight.
文化背景：中国传统文化极为重视“睦”——特别是家庭、邻里的和睦，被视为社会安定的重要基础。 Cultural background: In traditional Chinese culture, "睦" (harmony) within families and communities is highly valued as a foundation of social stability.

目前网上资料对“睦”的具体字源细节较有限，声音旁“𠒶”的本义不详。 Currently, detailed information on the etymology of the sound component “𠒶” is limited.

睦字形演变字源_汉字「睦」_睦的甲骨文_睦的金文_金文编_甲骨文编

睦（汉语文字）_百度百科

形声字。睦字在西周金文已经出现（图1），右部是形旁" 见 "，表示看见；左部是声旁"𠒶"（读作lù，字义未详）。 "睦"的本义通常认为是看得顺眼或目光和顺。战国时形成两个发展方向：一支沿袭西周金文写法，左声右形改作左形右声，形旁"见"省作"目"（图3）或变作"囧"（图2）。

睦