学习汉字 "救" (jiù) - Learn Chinese Character "救"

基本信息 (Basic Information)

含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)

中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 拯救、援助，使脱离危险或困难。

英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): to save, to rescue, to help someone out of danger or difficulty

“救”常作动词，用于拯救生命、财产、局势等，如“救人”、“救火”、 “自救”。多和“援助”、“解救”等词搭配，也用于抽象语境。 '救' is most commonly used as a verb meaning to rescue people, property, or a situation (e.g., '救人' - to save a person, '救火' - to put out a fire). Frequently seen with words like '援助' (to assist), '解救' (to relieve from danger), and can be used both in literal and abstract contexts.

象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)

“救”字左为“求”，意为请求、乞求；右下为“攴”（表示手持工具的动作），合起来象征用手回应请求、施以援助，因此引申为救助、解救。The left part '求' means to seek or request, and the lower right '攴' denotes the action of the hand. Combined, it symbolizes responding to a plea with action, thus extending to mean 'to rescue' or 'to save.'

文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)

与现代意义相近，均指拯救、解救。Similar to modern meaning: to rescue or to save.

深入学习 (In-depth Study)

字源故事 (Origin Story)

“救”字的结构从“求”，下有“攴”（又作“攵”），表示用手动作。古时意为用手施以援助，逐渐延伸为救助、拯救的意思。The character '救' is composed of '求' (to seek) and '攴' (represented as '攵'), a symbol for an action with the hand. Originally, it meant to act with the hand to assist someone, and over time it evolved into the meaning of saving or rescuing.

字形演变 (Character Evolution)

甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):

甲骨文中“救”字结构尚未完全定型，常用求助和手的象形组合表现施救动作，形体较为简略。 In Oracle Bone Script, the structure of '救' was not fully formed; it often used pictorial combinations suggesting plea for help and a hand, simplifying the action of rescue.

金文 (Bronze Inscription):

金文中的“救”字结构略为复杂，上部类“求”，下部加强了“手”或“攴”部的表示，意为用手施予援助。 In Bronze Inscriptions, the character became slightly more complex, with the upper part resembling '求' and a reinforced hand or '攴' radical below, highlighting the notion of aid with a hand.

小篆 (Small Seal Script):

小篆中“救”字结构明显，上为“求”，下为“攴”，字形更为规范统一，动作意象鲜明。 In Small Seal Script, '救' is clearer: '求' above and '攴' below, forming a standardized and recognizable symbol with an evident sense of action.

隶书 (Clerical Script):

隶书中的“救”字变得扁平化，笔画横直分明，结构与小篆相似但更便于书写。 '救' in Clerical Script became flatter with more straight and horizontal strokes. Its structure is similar to Small Seal Script but easier to write.

楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):

现代楷书中“救”字为左半“求”，右下“攵”，结构紧凑规范，为当前通用写法。 In modern Regular Script, '救' has a compact and standardized form: '求' on the left and '攵' (simplified to two strokes) on the lower right, which is the common written form today.

常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)

救人 (to save a person, to rescue someone)

jiù rén

消防员及时赶到现场救人。

Pinyin: Xiāofángyuán jíshí gǎndào xiànchǎng jiù rén.

Eng: The firefighters arrived at the scene in time to save people.

急救 (first aid, emergency rescue)

jí jiù

她学会了如何进行急救。

Pinyin: Tā xuéhuì le rúhé jìnxíng jíjiù.

Eng: She learned how to perform first aid.

救命 (help! (save my life), to save a life)

jiù mìng

他大声呼喊“救命”！

Pinyin: Tā dàshēng hūhǎn 'jiùmìng'!

Eng: He shouted loudly, 'Help!'

多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))

French: sauver, secourir
German: retten, helfen
Spanish: salvar, rescatar
Italian: salvare, soccorrere
Portuguese: salvar, resgatar
Russian: спасать, выручать
Arabic: إنقاذ
Persian: نجات دادن
Dutch: redden, helpen
Polish: ratować, ocalić
Vietnamese: cứu, cứu giúp
Ukrainian: рятувати, визволяти

视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)

通过以下链接在热门视频网站搜索 "救" 的更多讲解：

Search for more explanations of "救" on popular video sites:

在 Bilibili.com 搜索 "救字源说文解字" (Search on Bilibili)
在 YouTube.com 搜索 "救 character origin etymology" (Search on YouTube)

网络参考 (Web References for "救") ()

网络内容摘要 (Web Content Summary):

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“救”的核心含义是“拯救、援助（to save, to rescue）”。它常用于表示在危险或困境中给予帮助。 "救" primarily means "to save" or "to rescue". It is often used when giving help in situations of danger or difficulty.

“救”在《说文解字》中解释为“止也”，即“制止、阻止”；在古代文献中还有“禁”的意思，即“防止、约束”。最早与阻止灾难、过错相关。 According to ancient sources like Shuowen Jiezi, "救" originally meant "to stop" or "restrain", relating to the stopping of disasters or mistakes.

常用词有：救火（to fight fire）、救灾（disaster relief）、救命（save life / help!）。 Common phrases: 救火 (to fight fire), 救灾 (disaster relief), 救命 (save life / help!).
救常与“帮助”有关，但不同于“助”，多强调在危难时刻伸出援手。 "救" is usually about rescue in emergencies, different from "help" (助), as it stresses action in critical moments.
成语如救死扶伤（to save the dying and heal the wounded）、自救（self-rescue）等。 Idioms: 救死扶伤 (to save the dying and help the wounded), 自救 (self-rescue).

注意：“救”有时与“救济”混淆，后者更强调物质帮助，而“救”本义侧重危急时的拉拔、挽救。 Note: "救" can sometimes be confused with "救济" (to give material relief), but "救" focuses more on rescue in urgent situations.

文化上，汉字“救”与社会互助、危难见真情的观念密切相关。 Culturally, "救" is linked to the values of mutual aid and compassion in times of crisis.

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汉字"救"的起源、演变过程-汉字字源辞典

救病救疾救火救荒救穷救亡救灾救灭救扑救止救火车救，止也。——《说文 • 攴部》救，禁也。周官有司救。——《集韵 • 虞韵》救，犹禁也。以礼防禁人之过者也。——《周礼 • 司救》司救中士二人，史二人，徒二十人。——《周礼 • 地 ...

救的解释|救的意思|汉典"救"字的基本解释 - 漢典

国际音标 tɕiou˥˧ 唐代读音 *giòu 日语读音 SUKUU SUKUI 韩语罗马 KWU 现代韩语 구 越南语 cứu. 客家话 [客语拼音字汇] giu4 [东莞腔] giu5 [客英字典] giu5 [海陆腔] giu5 [梅县腔] giu5 [陆丰腔] giu5 [台湾四县腔] giu5 [沙头角腔] kieu5 [宝安腔] giu5 粤语 gau3. 近代音見母尤侯韻去聲臼小空；中古音見母宥韻去聲 ...

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