缺

Pinyin: quē | Core Meaning: to lack, to be short of, gap; vacancy, deficiency.

基本信息 (Basic Information)

含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)

中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 缺少，不足，有空缺。

英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): to lack, to be short of, gap; vacancy, deficiency.

“缺”常用于表示数量不足，如“缺水”、“缺人”，还常用于“缺口”、“缺失”等词，作名词和动词使用都很普遍。 In modern Chinese, '缺' is often used to indicate a lack or deficiency, e.g., '缺水' (short of water), '缺人' (short of people). It is commonly used both as a noun ('gap, vacancy') and as a verb ('to lack').

象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)

“缺”字的左边“缶”表示盛东西的陶器，右边“夬”有裂开的意思，整个字象征容器有缺口，比喻不完整、缺失。The left part of '缺' ('缶') represents a ceramic container, and the right part ('夬') conveys the idea of being split or cracked. Altogether, it symbolizes a vessel with a gap or deficiency, metaphorically representing something incomplete or lacking.

文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)

与现代意义相近，主要表示不足、缺口或缺席等。Similar to modern meaning, mainly indicating insufficiency, a gap, or absence.

深入学习 (In-depth Study)

字源故事 (Origin Story)

“缺”最早出现在战国时期的古文字中。它的左边是“缶”字，表示陶器，右边部分表示气息流失。整个字表示容器有破口，内容物流失，引申为“缺少、不足”。The character '缺' first appeared in ancient scripts during the Warring States period. Its left side is '缶' (a kind of pottery vessel), while the right side depicts air escaping. The whole character depicts a vessel with a crack, with contents (such as air) leaking out, which extended in meaning to 'shortage' or 'deficiency'.

字形演变 (Character Evolution)

甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):
甲骨文中尚未见到“缺”的记载。 The character '缺' is not found in Oracle Bone Script.
金文 (Bronze Inscription):
金文中也未出现“缺”字，相关意义多用其他字表示。 '缺' did not appear in Bronze Inscriptions, and similar meanings were expressed with other characters.
小篆 (Small Seal Script):
小篆中“缺”的字形左为“缶”，右为“夬”（表示断开的含义），整体形象体现出器皿有口的样子。 In Small Seal Script, '缺' has '缶' (a pottery vessel) on the left and '夬' (meaning 'broken open') on the right, together vividly portraying a vessel with an opening.
隶书 (Clerical Script):
隶书将小篆的结构予以简化，线条变得更平直清晰，左右结构更为分明。 In Clerical Script, the forms are simplified from Small Seal Script, with straighter lines and a clearer left-right structure.
楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):
现代楷书中，“缺”由“缶”和“夬”组成，结构工整清晰，广泛用于现代汉语。 In modern Regular Script, '缺' is composed of '缶' and '夬', with a neat and clear structure, and is widely used in contemporary Chinese.

常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)

缺少 (to lack, to be short of)

quēshǎo

这里缺少足够的饮用水。

Pinyin: Zhèlǐ quēshǎo zúgòu de yǐnyòng shuǐ.

Eng: There is not enough drinking water here.

缺席 (to be absent; absence)

quēxí

他因病缺席了这次会议。

Pinyin: Tā yīn bìng quēxíle zhè cì huìyì.

Eng: He was absent from this meeting due to illness.

缺点 (shortcoming, drawback)

quēdiǎn

每个人都有缺点，也有优点。

Pinyin: Měi gèrén dōu yǒu quēdiǎn, yě yǒu yōudiǎn.

Eng: Everyone has shortcomings as well as strengths.

相关成语 (Related Idioms)

扬长避短，补缺拾遗 yáng cháng bì duǎn, bǔ quē shí yí

Meaning: Play to your strengths and compensate for shortcomings.

这个成语用来鼓励人们发挥自己的长处，避开和弥补自己的缺点和不足，学会取长补短，不断完善自我。 This idiom encourages people to make the most of their strengths, avoid or compensate for their shortcomings, and constantly improve by learning from others.

多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))

  • French: manquer, défaut, absence
  • German: fehlen, Mangel, Lücke
  • Spanish: falta, carencia, ausencia
  • Italian: mancanza, carenza, assenza
  • Portuguese: falta, carência, ausência
  • Russian: нехватка, недостаток, отсутствие
  • Arabic: نقص، عجز، غياب
  • Persian: کمبود، نقص، غیبت
  • Dutch: tekort, gebrek, afwezigheid
  • Polish: brak, niedobór, nieobecność
  • Vietnamese: thiếu, thiếu hụt, vắng mặt
  • Ukrainian: нестача, дефіцит, відсутність

视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)

通过以下链接在热门视频网站搜索 "缺" 的更多讲解：

Search for more explanations of "缺" on popular video sites:

网络参考 (Web References for "缺") ()

网络内容摘要 (Web Content Summary):

缺（拼音：quē）这个汉字的核心含义是“缺少、缺乏、不足”。 “缺” (quē) mainly means "to lack," "to be short of," or "deficiency".

  • 字源与形义：“缺”字常见于“月部”，部分说法认为其字形最初表示“口中有空缺”，象征有缺口或缺陷。 Etymology: The character is often grouped under the "moon" (月) radical, and the original form is thought to depict a gap or an opening, symbolizing a deficiency or something missing.
  • 常见用法及搭配：常用于表达缺少或不足，如“缺水”（lack of water）、“缺点”（shortcoming）、“缺席”（be absent）。 Common usage: Frequently used in words like 缺水 (water shortage), 缺点 (shortcoming), and 缺席 (absence).
  • 易混淆点：不要与“缺口”（gap, opening）混淆。“缺少”指数量不够，而“缺席”则指人不在场。 Note: Do not confuse "缺口" (gap/opening) with "缺少" (not enough) or "缺席" (absence).
  • 成语：常见相关成语有“取长补短”（draw on others' strengths to offset one's weaknesses）、“残缺不全”（incomplete; missing some parts）。 Idioms: Related idioms include "取长补短" (make up for one's deficiencies by learning from others) and "残缺不全" (incomplete).

本字词的信息较为基础，如需深入了解其象形背景或古文字形演变，可参考专业的汉字字源辞典。 The information above covers the basics; for more in-depth details about pictographic origins or graphical evolution, consult specialized Chinese etymology dictionaries.

汉字"缺"的起源、演变过程-汉字字源辞典

缺: 字源: 缺. quē 溪纽、月部；溪纽、屑韵、苦穴切。溪纽、月部；溪纽、薛韵、倾雪切。 ... 汉字字源辞典收录13864条汉字词条，基本涵盖了常见汉字的字源解析，是汉字研究的必备工具。 ...

汉字"缺"的起源与演变（源流）-汉字字源网

汉字字源网收录2975个汉字的源流词条，基本涵盖了常用汉字的字源分析，是学习和研究汉字的必备工具。 网站首页 词典首页. 请输入您要查询的汉字： 汉字: 缺: 字源: 缺.

更多图片 (缺 More Images) ()

缺 - 更多图片 (More Images) (modelslab_artistic_v2)