固

Pinyin: gù | Core Meaning: firm, solid, secure, to fix

基本信息 (Basic Information)

含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)

中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 坚固，固定，不移动，不变化

英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): firm, solid, secure, to fix

“固”通常用来表示事物坚硬稳定、不容易改变或损坏，如“坚固”“固定”。还可作动词，表示使某物稳固或不变。 ‘固’ is often used to describe something firm, stable, or not easily changed, such as in ‘坚固’ (solid, sturdy) and ‘固定’ (to fix, to secure). It can also be used as a verb meaning to make something stable or fixed.

象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)

“固”由“囗”和“古”组成，“囗”表示包围或城墙，“古”代表坚硬或不变之意，合起来象征被坚硬外壳围住、牢不可破的事物。‘固’ consists of ‘囗’ (an enclosure, wall) and ‘古’ (standing for hard or unchanging things). Together, it symbolizes something surrounded by a hard exterior, suggesting firmness or unbreakability.

文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)

与现代意义相近，主要表示坚固、稳固、坚定。Similar to modern meaning, mainly referring to firmness, solidity, or steadfastness.

深入学习 (In-depth Study)

字源故事 (Origin Story)

“固”字最早见于甲骨文，左边为“囗”（代表围墙或城墙），右边为“古”（本意为骨头或坚硬之物），合起来表示用墙等坚硬东西来守护，所以有“牢固、坚固”的含义。The character ‘固’ first appeared in oracle bone script. On the left is ‘囗’, symbolizing a wall or city wall, and on the right is ‘古’, originally referring to bones or something hard. Combined, it signifies protecting with solid or strong things, thus conveying the meaning of ‘firm’ or ‘solid’.

字形演变 (Character Evolution)

甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):
甲骨文中的“固”左边像一个四方的城墙，右边是“古”字，整体象征被围起来的坚硬区域。 In oracle bone script, ‘固’ shows a square wall on the left and the character ‘古’ on the right, picturing a hard or solid area being enclosed.
金文 (Bronze Inscription):
金文中的“固”结构与甲骨文类似，但线条更加圆润，城墙的形状更加明显，右侧的“古”也更清晰。 In bronze inscriptions, the structure of ‘固’ is similar to oracle bone script, with more rounded lines; the wall is more distinctly shaped, and ‘古’ on the right is clearer.
小篆 (Small Seal Script):
小篆中“固”的外框为长方形包围，右边“古”字较为规范，整体更加对称美观。 In small seal script, ‘固’ is enclosed in a rectangular frame, with a more standardized ‘古’ on the right, and the whole character is more symmetrical and aesthetically pleasing.
隶书 (Clerical Script):
隶书中“固”变得更加扁平，笔画宽展，左边的“囗”与右边的“古”明显分开。 In clerical script, ‘固’ becomes flatter, with broadened strokes; the ‘囗’ on the left and ‘古’ on the right are noticeably separated.
楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):
现代楷书中“固”规范整齐，左右结构明显分明，是今天常见的字体形态。 In modern regular script, ‘固’ is neat and standardized, with a clear left-right structure; it is the commonly seen form today.

常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)

坚固 (solid, firm, strong)

jiāngù

这座桥建得非常坚固。

Pinyin: Zhè zuò qiáo jiàn de fēicháng jiāngù.

Eng: This bridge was built very solidly.

固体 (solid (state of matter))

gùtǐ

水在零度以下会变成固体。

Pinyin: Shuǐ zài língdù yǐxià huì biàn chéng gùtǐ.

Eng: Water turns into a solid below zero degrees.

固定 (to fix, fixed)

gùdìng

他有一份固定的工作。

Pinyin: Tā yǒu yī fèn gùdìng de gōngzuò.

Eng: He has a stable (fixed) job.

相关成语 (Related Idioms)

根深蒂固 gēn shēn dì gù

Meaning: deep-rooted; ingrained

“根深蒂固”比喻基础非常牢固，不容易动摇。常用来说习惯、观念等难以改变。 ‘根深蒂固’ is a metaphor describing something with a very solid foundation, which is difficult to shake. It’s often used to refer to habits or ideas that are hard to change.

多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))

  • French: solide, ferme, fixer
  • German: fest, stabil, fixieren
  • Spanish: firme, sólido, fijar
  • Italian: solido, fermo, fissare
  • Portuguese: sólido, firme, fixar
  • Russian: прочный, твёрдый, закрепить
  • Arabic: ثابت، صلب، يُثبت
  • Persian: محکم، ثابت، تثبیت کردن
  • Dutch: stevig, solide, vastzetten
  • Polish: solidny, stały, ustalać
  • Vietnamese: chắc, kiên cố, cố định
  • Ukrainian: міцний, твердий, зафіксувати

视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)

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网络参考 (Web References for "固") ()

网络内容摘要 (Web Content Summary):

  • 核心含义：“固”意为坚固、牢靠、不易动摇，常用来表示坚定不变或牢牢守住。 Main meaning: “固” means strong, firm, secure, or hard to shake; it often indicates stability or steadfastness.

  • 象形起源： “固”字在古代金文中，上部“囗”像城墙，里面是“古”，有加固保护的意思。本义与在国土上祈祷、为盔甲加层，使其更坚固有关。 Pictographic origin: In ancient scripts, the character features a surrounding enclosure (“囗”) symbolizing a wall, and “古” inside, suggesting reinforcement or protection. The original meaning relates to defending territory or strengthening armor.

  • 常见用法与易混点： “固”常见于“坚固”（firm），也用于成语如“固若金汤”（as solid as metal and soup, i.e., extremely secure）。易与“故”（reason, cause, or old）混淆，注意区分。 Common usages and confusing points: Frequently seen in words like “坚固” (firm), and idioms such as “固若金汤” (impregnable). It is sometimes confused with the character “故” (reason, old) – be careful to distinguish them.

总结： “固”字体现了坚不可摧、守护的意象，在汉语中有重要稳定和防守的寓意。 Summary: The character “固” embodies firmness and protection, signifying stability and defense in Chinese culture.

汉字"固"的起源、演变过程-汉字字源辞典

汉字字源辞典收录13864条汉字词条，基本涵盖了常见汉字的字源解析，是汉字研究的必备工具。

【固】的甲骨文金文篆文字形演变含义 - 甲骨文研究网 甲骨文密码字典 在线甲骨文字典研究 - 甲骨文研究网 甲骨文密码字典 在线甲骨文字典研究 认路

汉字的来历和演变 (說文解字 篆體字) (金文) 甲骨文密码 【甲骨密码】 固：在國土上禱告。 【其他解读】 固，金文在（"田"，即护甲）里加（曰，坚硬的加层），造字本义：给盔甲加层，使之牢不可破。

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