上

Pinyin: shàng | Core Meaning: above, up, on, to go up, preceding in order.

基本信息 (Basic Information)

含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)

中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 在高处、向高处、由下到上、上面，或表示次序在前。

英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): above, up, on, to go up, preceding in order.

“上”可作名词、动词、形容词和方位词。如“上楼”、“书在桌子上”、“上午”等。常和“下”对举，表示相对的方位或顺序。在口语和书面语中用法广泛。 ‘上’ can be a noun, verb, adjective, or location word. For example, '上楼'(to go upstairs), '书在桌子上'(the book is on the table), '上午'(morning/forenoon). It is often paired with '下' (down) to show opposite directions or order. Very common in both spoken and written Chinese.

象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)

“上”字的本义是‘上面’，字形表示一水平的基线，上方有一短竖，象征着某物位于基线上方。The basic meaning of '上' is 'above' or 'on top'. The character's form shows a baseline with a short vertical stroke above it, symbolizing something is above the line.

文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)

与现代意义相近，常用于表示方位、级别、时间上的先后等。Similar to modern meaning, often indicating location, level, or precedence in order or time.

深入学习 (In-depth Study)

字源故事 (Origin Story)

“上”字起源于象形文字，最早见于甲骨文。它的原始字形表现为一条横线上方带有短竖，意为某物在基线上方，象征上面或高处。The character '上' originated as a pictograph, first seen in oracle bone script. Its ancient form is a horizontal line with a short vertical stroke above it, representing something above a baseline, symbolizing 'above' or 'high position'.

字形演变 (Character Evolution)

甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):
甲骨文中的“上”像一条横线，线上有一短竖，形象地表示‘上方’、‘之上’之意。 In Oracle Bone Script, '上' looks like a horizontal line with a short vertical stroke above, visually representing 'above' or 'on top'.
金文 (Bronze Inscription):
金文中“上”的形态与甲骨文相似，线条更圆润，结构基本保持一横一竖。 In Bronze Inscriptions, the shape is similar to Oracle Bone Script but with smoother, rounder lines, essentially preserving the horizontal and vertical stroke pattern.
小篆 (Small Seal Script):
小篆将“上”字修整为较为规范的弯曲长竖，顶部加一横，整体结构更统一。 In Small Seal Script, '上' is standardized with a more regular curved long vertical line and a short bar on top, making the structure more unified.
隶书 (Clerical Script):
隶书中“上”字变得更为方正，笔画扁平化，结构更接近现代汉字。 In Clerical Script, '上' becomes more rectangular and the strokes are flatter, resembling the modern Chinese character shape.
楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):
现代楷书中“上”写作一短竖上加一横和一个较长的底横，字形简明清晰，极易辨认。 In modern Regular Script, '上' consists of a short vertical stroke above a short horizontal line, with a longer baseline bar. The shape is simple and clearly recognizable.

常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)

上班 (to go to work)

shàng bān

他每天早上八点上班。

Pinyin: Tā měi tiān zǎoshang bā diǎn shàng bān.

Eng: He goes to work at 8 o'clock every morning.

上学 (to go to school)

shàng xué

小明明天要上学了。

Pinyin: Xiǎo Míng míngtiān yào shàng xué le.

Eng: Xiao Ming will go to school tomorrow.

上一页 (the previous page)

shàng yī yè

请回到上一页。

Pinyin: Qǐng huídào shàng yī yè.

Eng: Please go back to the previous page.

上午 (morning (before noon))

shàng wǔ

我们明天上午开会。

Pinyin: Wǒmen míngtiān shàngwǔ kāi huì.

Eng: We will have a meeting tomorrow morning.

相关成语 (Related Idioms)

更上一层楼 gèng shàng yī céng lóu

Meaning: to scale new heights; to make further progress

出自王之涣《登鹳雀楼》：“欲穷千里目，更上一层楼。”意思是想看得更远，就要再上更高一层楼，比喻不断进步、追求更高目标。 From Wang Zhihuan's poem 'Climbing Guanque Tower': 'If you want a grander sight, you must climb to a greater height.' It means striving for progress or pursuing higher goals by 'going up to a higher floor'.

多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))

  • French: sur, au-dessus, monter
  • German: oben, auf, hinaufgehen
  • Spanish: encima, subir, arriba
  • Italian: sopra, su, salire
  • Portuguese: em cima, subir, acima
  • Russian: на, вверх, сверху
  • Arabic: على، فوق، يصعد
  • Persian: بر روی، بالا، صعود کردن
  • Dutch: boven, op, naar boven gaan
  • Polish: na, powyżej, w górę
  • Vietnamese: trên, lên, ở trên
  • Ukrainian: на, вгору, зверху

视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)

通过以下链接在热门视频网站搜索 "上" 的更多讲解：

Search for more explanations of "上" on popular video sites:

网络参考 (Web References for "上") ()

网络内容摘要 (Web Content Summary):

```html

核心含义：“上”是一个常用的汉字，基本义为“在高处”“向高处”，与“下”相对，用于表示方位或方向。 Core Meaning: "上" (shàng) is a common Chinese character, mainly meaning "above," "on," or "to go up," and is the opposite of "下" (xià).

字形起源与文化背景：古代“上”字最初象征地面上方的高处，起源属于指事字，通过一横代表地面，一竖或点表示高于地面的方位。这体现了中国古代注重上下方位的空间观念。 Origin and Cultural Background: The character "上" originated as an ideogram—a horizontal line symbolizing the ground, and a short stroke or dot above it indicating a position higher than the ground. This reflects the traditional Chinese emphasis on positional relationships in space.

  • 特别用法与易混点：“上”可以作为动词（如“上楼”“上课”），也可以作介词、副词等（如“桌子上”“路上”）。注意“上”和“升”在现代汉语中有区别："上"强调方位或到达高处，"升"则更侧重于动作的过程。 Special Usages and Easily Confused Points: "上" can be a verb ("go up stairs" – 上楼, "attend class" – 上课), or a preposition/adverb ("on the table" – 桌子上). Note the difference between "上" (location, reaching higher) and "升" (emphasizing the action of rising).
  • 常用词和成语：常见词有“上面”“上班”“上涨”，成语如“名列前茅”（to rank among the best，含“上”的语义）。 Common Words and Idioms: Common phrases include "上面" (on top), "上班" (go to work), "上涨" (increase/rise), and idioms like "名列前茅" (to rank among the best, carrying the implication of being 'on top').
```

汉字"上"的起源、演变过程-汉字字源辞典

汉字字源辞典收录13864条汉字词条，基本涵盖了常见汉字的字源解析，是汉字研究的必备工具。 ... "，从辵﹑止，乃追加之义符，使"上"字演变为从辵或止上声的形声字。"上"字本义原指方位，与"下"相对。 ...

上的解释|上的意思|汉典"上"字的基本解释 - 漢典

雖欲思陵化，龍津未易上。 【說文】上，高也。指事。時掌切。 按字有動靜音，諸韻皆以上聲，是掌切，爲升上之上，屬動，去聲，時亮切，爲本在物上之上，屬靜。今詳《說文》上聲上字，高也，是指物而言，則本在物上之上亦作上聲矣。

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