责

Pinyin: zé | Core Meaning: responsibility; to demand or criticize for a mistake or duty

基本信息 (Basic Information)

含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)

中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 责任；要求别人完成某种义务或对过错提出批评。

英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): responsibility; to demand or criticize for a mistake or duty

“责”主要用作名词和动词。作为名词，表示“责任”；作为动词，表示“责备、要求”。常见于“责任”、“负责”、“责备”等词语中。 ‘责’ is mainly used as a noun meaning ‘responsibility’ and as a verb meaning ‘to blame’ or ‘to demand’. It often appears in words like ‘责任’ (responsibility), ‘负责’ (to be responsible), and ‘责备’ (to blame).

象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)

“责”字上部的“贝”表示财物，下部“龶”与声音或命令相关，结合起来表现出“以财物为信，要求偿还”，引申为“责备、责任”。The top part of ‘责’ is ‘贝’, representing valuables; the lower part ‘龶’ is related to sound or command. Combined, they illustrate the concept of ‘requiring repayment due to debt’, which later extended to meanings like ‘to blame’ and ‘responsibility’.

文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)

文言文中“责”多指债务、应偿还之物，也表示要求、责备，与现代意义相近。In Classical Chinese, '责' mostly referred to debt or something that should be repaid, as well as ‘to demand’ or ‘to blame’, similar to the modern meanings.

深入学习 (In-depth Study)

字源故事 (Origin Story)

“责”最早见于甲骨文和金文，本义为债务、应偿还的东西，后来引申为责任、要求。古代“责”字的结构上部为“贝”（代表财物），下部为“龶”（常与声调或意义相关），暗示与钱财、债务有关。‘责’ first appeared in oracle bone and bronze inscriptions, originally meaning ‘debt’ or ‘something to be repaid’. Over time, it evolved to mean responsibility and to require. The ancient structure consists of ‘贝’ (shell, representing money or valuables) on top and ‘龶’ (often indicating sound or related meaning) below, suggesting a relation to wealth or debt.

字形演变 (Character Evolution)

甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):
甲骨文中的“责”由“贝”（代表钱财）和“龶”构成，整体字形表现金钱债务的含义。 In oracle bone script, '责' is composed of '贝' (representing money or valuables) and '龶', the overall form expressing the idea of a monetary debt.
金文 (Bronze Inscription):
金文中“责”的字形稍变，上部“贝”更清晰，表示与财物、债务相关。 In bronze inscription, the character '责' developed a slightly clearer '贝' component on top, emphasizing the connection to valuables and debt.
小篆 (Small Seal Script):
小篆中“责”结构变得更加规范，线条流畅，为后来的楷书奠定基础。 In small seal script, the structure of '责' became more standardized with smooth lines, establishing the foundation for later regular script.
隶书 (Clerical Script):
隶书将“责”的笔画简化，横平竖直，便于书写。 In clerical script, the strokes of '责' were simplified into horizontals and verticals, making the character easier to write.
楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):
现代楷书中，“责”字结构紧凑，“贝”和“龶”结合成现在的形体。 In modern regular script, '责' is compact, with the elements '贝' and '龶' integrated as seen in the current form.

常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)

责任 (responsibility; duty)

zérèn

每个人都要对自己的行为负责，有责任改正错误。

Pinyin: Měi gè rén dōu yào duì zìjǐ de xíngwéi fùzé, yǒu zérèn gǎizhèng cuòwù.

Eng: Everyone must take responsibility for their actions and correct their mistakes.

责备 (to blame; to reproach)

zébèi

老师没有责备他，反而鼓励他下次做得更好。

Pinyin: Lǎoshī méiyǒu zébèi tā, fǎn'ér gǔlì tā xiàcì zuò de gèng hǎo.

Eng: The teacher did not blame him, but encouraged him to do better next time.

负责 (to be responsible for; to take charge of)

fùzé

她负责整个项目的进展。

Pinyin: Tā fùzé zhěnggè xiàngmù de j进zhǎn.

Eng: She is in charge of the progress of the entire project.

相关成语 (Related Idioms)

自食其责 zì shí qí zé

Meaning: To bear the responsibility for one's own actions (to face the consequences)

这个成语意思是自己承受因自己错误带来的后果，强调必须对自己的行为负责。 This idiom means that one must face the consequences for their own mistakes, emphasizing that people should take responsibility for their own actions.

多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))

  • French: responsabilité ; blâmer
  • German: Verantwortung; tadeln; verpflichten
  • Spanish: responsabilidad; reprochar
  • Italian: responsabilità; rimproverare
  • Portuguese: responsabilidade; censurar
  • Russian: ответственность; упрекать
  • Arabic: مسؤولية؛ لوم
  • Persian: مسئولیت، سرزنش
  • Dutch: verantwoordelijkheid; verwijten
  • Polish: odpowiedzialność; ganić
  • Vietnamese: trách nhiệm; khiển trách
  • Ukrainian: відповідальність; докоряти

视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)

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网络参考 (Web References for "责") ()

网络内容摘要 (Web Content Summary):

核心含义与起源：“责”（繁体：責），最初的含义与借贷、债务相关，即欠他人的财物。后来，该字演变为“责任”、“责备”等引申义，表示应该承担的义务或对他人的批评。 Core Meaning & Origin: The character “责” (traditional: 責) originally referred to debt or owing something to others. Over time, it evolved to broader meanings, such as “responsibility” or “to blame.”

相关用法与易混点：现代汉语里，“责”常见于词语如“责任”（responsibility）、“责备”（to blame）、“负责”（to be responsible for）等。需要注意与“债”（debt）区别，后者现在专用于金钱债务。 Usage & Easily Confused Words: Today, “责” appears in common words like “责任” (responsibility), “责备” (to blame), and “负责” (to be in charge of). Don’t confuse it with “债” (debt), which now relates specifically to monetary debt.

  • 常用词汇：责任、责备、负责 Common words: 责任 (responsibility), 责备 (to blame), 负责 (to be responsible for)

成语举例：推卸责任（shirk responsibility）、责无旁贷（be duty-bound）等。 Idioms examples: 推卸责任 (shirk responsibility), 责无旁贷 (duty-bound to do something).

汉字"责"的起源、演变过程-汉字字源辞典

汉字字源辞典收录3519条汉字词条，基本涵盖了常见汉字的字源解析，是汉字研究的必备工具。

责的解释|责的意思|汉典"责"字的基本解释 - 漢典

责. 責 zhài 〈名〉 (1) 欠别人的财物。 后作"债" [debt] 听称责以傅别。—— 《周礼·小宰》 。 司农 注:"称责，谓贷子。. 薄敛已责。—— 《左传·昭公二十年》 使无券契之责。—— 《管子·轻重乙》 博言负责数百万。—— 《汉书·淮阳宪王钦传》 。 注:"假贷人财物未偿者。

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