基本信息 (Basic Information)
含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)
中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 弦乐器的泛称，尤指中国传统古琴等，用手弹奏发声。
英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): A general term for stringed musical instruments, especially referring to the traditional Chinese guqin and other zithers, played by plucking.
“琴”在现代汉语中常用来指代各种弦乐器，如钢琴、小提琴（小提琴）、古琴等，但在专名时通常加上具体前缀，例如“钢琴”“小提琴”“古琴”。单独使用时多指中国传统的古琴。
'琴' is commonly used in modern Chinese to refer to various stringed instruments, such as piano (钢琴), violin (小提琴), or guqin (古琴). When used alone, it usually refers to the traditional Chinese guqin. It is often combined with prefixes to designate specific instruments.
象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)
“琴”字下部为“王”，象征琴身，上部为“今”，中间的三横代表琴弦。整体结构表现了弦乐器上有多根弦的外形特征。The lower part of '琴' is '王', representing the body of the instrument, while the upper part is '今', and the three horizontal lines in the middle symbolize the strings. The overall structure depicts the physical appearance of a stringed instrument with multiple strings.
文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)
与现代意义相近，多指古琴等弦乐器，有时象征高雅情趣或修身养性。Similar to modern meaning; mainly refers to the guqin or other stringed instruments, and sometimes symbolizes elegance or self-cultivation.
深入学习 (In-depth Study)
字源故事 (Origin Story)
“琴”字最早见于甲骨文，原意是指由多根弦组成、用手弹奏的乐器。古时常见的“琴”即为古琴，是中国最古老的弹拨乐器之一，因此该字演化为泛指弦乐器的意思。The character '琴' was first seen in oracle bone script, originally referring to a stringed instrument played by hand with multiple strings. In ancient times, the most common '琴' referred specifically to the guqin, one of the oldest plucked instruments in China, and later extended to mean stringed instruments in general.
字形演变 (Character Evolution)
甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):
甲骨文中的“琴”由若干并列的短横或曲线表示乐器的弦，下面有一横表示琴身，整体形似弦乐器。
In Oracle Bone Script, '琴' is composed of several parallel short lines or curves representing the strings of an instrument, with a horizontal stroke underneath indicating the instrument's body, forming a shape similar to a stringed instrument.
金文 (Bronze Inscription):
金文中的“琴”字形更加复杂，弦的数量更为明确，结构对称，显示出乐器的整体外观。
In Bronze Inscription, the form of '琴' becomes more intricate, with the number of strings more clearly depicted and a symmetrical structure, better representing the overall appearance of the instrument.
小篆 (Small Seal Script):
小篆中的“琴”字形伸展，弦与琴身的结构更为统一，线条流畅，有装饰性。
In Small Seal Script, '琴' appears elongated, with a more unified structure between the strings and body, featuring smoother and more ornamental lines.
隶书 (Clerical Script):
隶书中的“琴”笔画趋于平直，结构变得扁平，视觉上更为简洁明快。
In Clerical Script, the strokes of '琴' become straighter and the structure flattens, making the character visually simpler and clearer.
楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):
现代楷书中，“琴”由“王”字加上三横代表弦，上方是“今”字，整体规范美观，形体明晰。
In modern Regular Script, '琴' consists of the character '王' (representing the base or body) with three horizontal strokes symbolizing strings, and the component '今' on top. The overall form is standardized, clear, and aesthetically pleasing.
常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)
古琴 (the guqin, a traditional Chinese seven-stringed zither)
他会弹古琴，琴声悠扬动听。
Eng: He can play the guqin, and its sound is melodious and beautiful.
钢琴 (piano)
妹妹每天练习钢琴一个小时。
Eng: My younger sister practices the piano for an hour every day.
小提琴 (violin)
他用小提琴演奏了一首美丽的乐曲。
Eng: He played a beautiful piece on the violin.
相关成语 (Related Idioms)
对牛弹琴
Meaning: To play the lute to a cow; to address the wrong audience or speak in vain.
这个成语来源于古代故事，讲有个人对牛弹琴，但牛不懂音乐，无动于衷。比喻对不懂道理的人讲道理，是白费力气。
This idiom originates from an ancient story where a man plays the lute to a cow, but the cow doesn't understand music and is unmoved. It metaphorically means to reason with someone who cannot appreciate it, thus wasting one's efforts.
多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))
- French: instrument à cordes, cithare, piano, guqin
- German: Saiteninstrument, Zither, Klavier, Guqin
- Spanish: instrumento de cuerda, cítara, piano, guqin
- Italian: strumento a corda, cetra, pianoforte, guqin
- Portuguese: instrumento de cordas, cítara, piano, guqin
- Russian: струнный инструмент, цисянь, пианино, гуцинь
- Arabic: آلة وترية، القانون الصيني، بيانو، جوتشين
- Persian: ساز زهی، قانون چینی، پیانو، گوچین
- Dutch: snaarinstrument, citer, piano, guqin
- Polish: instrument strunowy, cytra, fortepian, guqin
- Vietnamese: nhạc cụ dây, đàn cổ cầm, dương cầm, guqin
- Ukrainian: струнний інструмент, цитра, фортепіано, гуцинь
视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)
通过以下链接在热门视频网站搜索 "琴" 的更多讲解：
Search for more explanations of "琴" on popular video sites:
- 在 Bilibili.com 搜索 "琴 字源 说文解字" (Search on Bilibili)
- 在 YouTube.com 搜索 "琴 character origin etymology" (Search on YouTube)
网络参考 (Web References for "琴") ()
网络搜索信息待获取。Web search information pending.
更多图片 (琴 More Images) ()
