坚 🔊

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“坚”的核心含义是坚固、牢固、不容易被破坏，也可以引申为坚定、不动摇。 “坚” fundamentally means solid, firm, or unyielding, and by extension, it can also mean determined or steadfast.

字形起源方面，“坚”的早期写法见于战国时期，结构上多为“臤”上加“土”或其变体“壬”，分别象征坚硬的本义和土地等。极少数异体中也用“又”或“攴”来替换，均表达坚实的感觉。 In terms of origin, the earliest forms of “坚” appeared in the Warring States period, usually composed of “臤” over “土” or its variant “壬”, conveying the idea of firmness or solidity. Other forms may use “又” or “攴”, but all relate to the meaning of being strong or firm.

这个字常用于描述事物的物理坚硬（如“坚硬”、“坚固”），也经常用来形容意志或信念（如“坚持”、“坚定”）。 This character is commonly used to describe something physically hard (“坚硬”, hard), strong (“坚固”, sturdy), or firm and also applies to abstract qualities like willpower or resolution (“坚持”, to persist; “坚定”, firm/determined).

• 成语/常用词： “坚不可摧”（坚固到不可摧毁）、“坚定不移”（十分坚决，不会改变）。 Common phrases: “坚不可摧” (indestructible), “坚定不移” (firm and unshakable).
• “坚”易与“坚”、“建”混淆，注意语境，如“坚”偏重坚固，“建”多指建立。 “坚” is sometimes confused with similar-looking characters like “建”; “坚” focuses on firmness while “建” means to build or construct.

经典文献中，“坚”字常用来比喻品质、信念等不可动摇。如《吕氏春秋》：“石可破也，而不可夺坚。” In classic texts, “坚” often signifies unshakable quality or faith, as in “A stone can be broken, but its firmness cannot be taken.” (from Lüshi Chunqiu)