逊

Pinyin: xùn | Core Meaning: modest, humble, to yield, to give way

基本信息 (Basic Information)

含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)

中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 谦让，退让，不自夸。

英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): modest, humble, to yield, to give way

“逊”常用于表示谦逊、退让等含义，如“谦逊”“逊色”“逊让”。现代汉语中多见于书面语，表达自己不如他人时常用“逊色”。 '逊' is often used to express modesty or giving way, found in words like '谦逊' (humble) or '逊色' (inferior). In modern Chinese, it's mostly seen in formal or written contexts, especially to indicate being less competent or not as good as someone else.

象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)

“逊”字结构左边为“孑”，源自“孙”，右边为“夂”表动作，有行走或退让之意，整体体现‘退让’、‘不争’的含义。The left part of '逊' is '孑', derived from '孙' (grandchild), symbolizing youth or a small person; the right part '夂' indicates movement, walking, or stepping back. Structurally, the character expresses the concept of retreating or yielding.

文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)

与现代意义相近，常指退让、谦让。Similar to modern meaning, it often referred to yielding or being modest.

深入学习 (In-depth Study)

字源故事 (Origin Story)

“逊”最早由“逊”和“遜”两个写法演变而来，本义为“退让”。在古代汉字中，“逊”的字形左部为“孫”，右边为“辶”，表示与行走、迁移相关，整体表达“退避让步”的意思。The character '逊' originally appeared as '遜' in traditional form, meaning 'to yield or give way.' In ancient scripts, its left part is '孙' (grandchild), and the right part is '辶', related to walking or movement, together meaning to withdraw or yield.

字形演变 (Character Evolution)

甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):
甲骨文中未见“逊”字，相关含义一般由“让”或其他字表达。 The character '逊' does not appear in Oracle Bone Script; related meanings were usually expressed by other characters like '让'.
金文 (Bronze Inscription):
金文中未直接发现“逊”的字形，但其组成部分如“孙”“辶”已存在。 '逊' is not directly found in Bronze Inscriptions, but its components (like '孙' and '辶') existed.
小篆 (Small Seal Script):
小篆中“遜”由“孫”和“辵”组成，字形更规则，线条圆润。 In Small Seal Script, '遜' is composed of '孙' and '辶', with smooth and regular lines.
隶书 (Clerical Script):
隶书中“遜”形体趋于扁平，结构更加清晰，已接近现代写法。 In Clerical Script, the form of '遜' becomes more flattened and the structure is clearer, resembling the modern shape.
楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):
现代“逊”为“遜”的简化字，左为“孑”(化简自“孙”)，右为“夂”，整体合为“逊”。 The modern '逊' is the simplified form of '遜'. The left part is '孑' (simplified from '孙'), right is '夂', forming the character '逊'.

常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)

谦逊 (modest; humble)

qiānxùn

他为人谦逊，从不自夸。

Pinyin: Tā wéirén qiānxùn, cóng bù zìkuā.

Eng: He is modest and never boasts about himself.

逊色 (inferior; not as good as)

xùnsè

他的作品并不逊色于其他大师。

Pinyin: Tā de zuòpǐn bìng bù xùnsè yú qítā dàshī.

Eng: His work is not inferior to that of other masters.

相关成语 (Related Idioms)

自谦不逊 zì qiān bù xùn

Meaning: to be modest but not overly self-effacing

成语“自谦不逊”出自古人强调在谦虚时也要有自信，不过分退让，既自谦又不失自尊。 The idiom '自谦不逊' comes from the idea that one should be modest but not excessively self-effacing—being humble while maintaining self-respect.

多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))

  • French: modeste, humble, céder
  • German: bescheiden, nachgeben, zurücktreten
  • Spanish: modesto, humilde, ceder
  • Italian: modesto, umile, cedere
  • Portuguese: modesto, humilde, ceder
  • Russian: скромный, уступать, быть менее способным
  • Arabic: متواضع، يتراجع، يُخلي المكان
  • Persian: فروتن، متواضع، عقب‌نشینی کردن
  • Dutch: bescheiden, toegeven, zich terugtrekken
  • Polish: skromny, ustępować, pokorny
  • Vietnamese: khiêm tốn, nhún nhường, nhường nhịn
  • Ukrainian: скромний, поступатися, бути менш здібним

视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)

通过以下链接在热门视频网站搜索 "逊" 的更多讲解：

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网络参考 (Web References for "逊") ()

网络内容摘要 (Web Content Summary):

逊（拼音：xùn）本义为“逃遁”或“辞让、谦让”，表现出退让、谦虚的含义。 逊 (pinyin: xùn) originally means "to flee" or "to yield; to be modest", showing meanings of concession and humility.

  • 该字的造字形义，金文由“辵（行走）”和“孙（晚辈）”组成，表示晚辈给长辈让行，体现了中华文化中尊老谦让的礼仪。 In its ancient form, "逊" combines the radicals for "walking" and "junior," symbolizing a younger person making way for elders—a reflection of respect and modesty in traditional Chinese culture.

  • 特别用法和常见词汇：常见于“谦逊”（humble, modest）、“逊色”（inferior, not as good），强调比较与退让。 Special usage and common words: Appears in words like "谦逊" (humble, modest), "逊色" (inferior, less good), highlighting comparison and modesty.

  • 易混淆点：与“孙”（晚辈）音形类似，但“逊”核心含义偏重于退让、谦虚。 Easily confused with "孙" (junior), but "逊" focuses more on yielding and modesty.

成语：“不甘示弱”（不愿表现得比别人逊色），可作为语义扩展理解。 Idiom: "不甘示弱" (not willing to be outdone), extends the meaning of "逊".

逊的解释|逊的意思|汉典"逊"字的基本解释 - 漢典

逊. 遜 xùn 〈动〉 (1) (形声。 从辵( chuò)，孙声。本义:逃遁) (2) 同本义 [flee] 遜，遁也。—— 《说文》 吾家耄逊于荒。—— 《书·微子》 是以耆儒硕老，抱其书而远逊。—— 汉 · 扬雄 《剧秦美新》 (3) 又如:逊郊(天子逃遁于荒野) (4) 辞让;退让 [abdicate] 将逊于位。

【逊，遜，愻】的甲骨文金文篆文字形演变含义 - 甲骨文研究网 甲骨文密码字典 在线甲骨文字典研究 - 甲骨文研究网 甲骨文密码字典 在线甲骨文 ...

逊，金文=（辵，行走）+（孙，晚辈），表示晚辈给长辈让行。金文异体字写作"愻"=（孙，晚辈）+（心，态度），表示孙辈、晚辈对祖辈、长辈的恭敬礼让的态度。造字本义：晚辈对长辈敬礼谦让。篆文承续金文字形。篆文异体字承续金文异体字字形。

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