孔

Pinyin: kǒng | Core Meaning: hole, aperture, opening; commonly refers to a small opening or hole.

基本信息 (Basic Information)

含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)

中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 洞、窟窿、小口，常用于指小的洞口。

英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): hole, aperture, opening; commonly refers to a small opening or hole.

“孔”多用于表示物体上的小洞，比如“气孔”、“针孔”。也可用于比喻，如“漏洞”。 ‘Kǒng’ is mainly used to denote small holes or openings in objects, such as in terms like 'airhole' (气孔) or 'pinhole' (针孔). It can also be used metaphorically, for example to mean a 'loophole' or 'gap'.

象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)

“孔”由“子”和“乚”组成。其中“子”本意为婴儿，表示小，“乚”为小洞口，合起来表达小洞的意思。'Kǒng' is composed of '子' (child, symbolizing smallness) and '乚' (suggesting a small opening or hole). Together, they signify a small hole or aperture.

文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)

与现代意义相近，常指洞、穴等，也用于姓氏。Similar to modern meaning, usually referring to holes, caverns, or used as a surname.

深入学习 (In-depth Study)

字源故事 (Origin Story)

“孔”字最早见于甲骨文，最初主要表示洞口，后来又延伸用于姓氏，著名的有孔子。The character '孔' was first seen in oracle bone script, originally referring to a hole or opening. Later, it was also used as a surname, famously by Confucius (Kǒng Zǐ).

字形演变 (Character Evolution)

甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):
甲骨文中的“孔”像是一个有洞口的形状，直观表达了“洞”的意思。 In Oracle Bone Script, '孔' appeared as a shape resembling an opening in an object, visually expressing the meaning of a 'hole'.
金文 (Bronze Inscription):
金文中的“孔”更加规范，仍然保留洞口的象形结构。 In Bronze Inscriptions, the form of '孔' became more standardized but still retained the pictorial structure of an opening.
小篆 (Small Seal Script):
小篆中“孔”结构更加圆滑，整体更加统一，容易辨认。 In Small Seal Script, '孔' became smoother and more unified in structure, making it easier to recognize.
隶书 (Clerical Script):
隶书阶段，“孔”的笔画变得平直，结构进一步简化，便于书写。 In the Clerical Script, the strokes of '孔' became straighter and the structure was further simplified for easier writing.
楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):
现代楷书中，“孔”由“子”和“乚”组合，字形规范明了。 In modern Regular Script, '孔' is composed of the components '子' and '乚', with a clear and standardized form.

常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)

孔洞 (hole, cavity, opening)

kǒng dòng

墙上有一个小孔洞。

Pinyin: Qiáng shàng yǒu yí gè xiǎo kǒngdòng.

Eng: There is a small hole in the wall.

气孔 (air hole, pore)

qì kǒng

叶子表面的气孔有助于呼吸。

Pinyin: Yèzi biǎomiàn de qìkǒng yǒu zhù yú hūxī.

Eng: The pores on the surface of leaves help with respiration.

针孔 (pinhole, small needle hole)

zhēn kǒng

这块布上有几个针孔。

Pinyin: Zhè kuài bù shàng yǒu jǐ gè zhēnkǒng.

Eng: There are several pinholes in this piece of cloth.

相关成语 (Related Idioms)

从孔入见 cóng kǒng rù jiàn

Meaning: To observe through a small hole; to see only a fraction of the whole.

比喻只看到事物的一小部分，不能全面了解全貌。常用来形容见识有限。 It is a metaphor for seeing only a small part of something and being unable to understand the whole picture. Often used to describe limited knowledge or perspective.

多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))

  • French: trou, orifice
  • German: Loch, Öffnung
  • Spanish: agujero, orificio
  • Italian: foro, apertura
  • Portuguese: buraco, orifício
  • Russian: отверстие, дыра
  • Arabic: ثقب، فتحة
  • Persian: سوراخ، منفذ
  • Dutch: gat, opening
  • Polish: otwór, dziura
  • Vietnamese: lỗ, khe hở
  • Ukrainian: діра, отвір

视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)

通过以下链接在热门视频网站搜索 "孔" 的更多讲解：

Search for more explanations of "孔" on popular video sites:

网络参考 (Web References for "孔") ()

网络内容摘要 (Web Content Summary):

  • 核心含义与起源：“孔”（拼音：kǒng）本义指“洞”或“窟窿”，源于西周金文。字形左为“子”（象婴儿），右侧为弧形，像乳房，整体表达“婴儿吸吮乳房的孔洞”。 Core meaning & origin: The basic meaning of "孔" (kǒng) is "hole" or "opening." The character first appeared in Western Zhou bronze inscriptions. Its components resemble a baby (left) and a breast (right), symbolizing the hole from which a baby suckles milk.

  • 引申与用法：“孔”引申为“空阔”“深远”等，也可作副词，表示“很、甚”（如：孔多，孔大）。此外，“孔”常作量词，用于表示洞、桥洞、窑洞、井等（如：两个孔的桥）。 Extended meanings & usage: "孔" can mean "wide" or "profound." As an adverb it means "very" or "greatly" (e.g., 孔多 means "very many"). It's also a measure word for openings, such as holes, bridge holes, kilns, and wells (e.g., a bridge with two holes).

  • 易混淆与文化点：在口语中，“孔”有时与“窟窿”通用。同时，“孔”是著名思想家“孔子”的姓氏。"孔"与“空”（kōng，与“孔”意义近但指“空虚”）容易混淆。 Common confusions & culture: In spoken Chinese, "孔" can be used interchangeably with "窟窿" (hole). "孔" is also the surname of the famous philosopher Confucius (Kǒngzǐ). It can be confused with "空" (kōng, meaning "empty"), though their meanings differ.

  • 相关常用词与成语：常见相关词有：“孔洞”（hole/opening）、“气孔”（pore/stoma）、“针孔”（pinhole）。成语如“孔武有力”（形容人很有力气）。 Related words & idioms: Common terms: 孔洞 (hole/opening), 气孔 (pore), 针孔 (pinhole). Idiom: 孔武有力 (describing someone as strong and powerful).

汉字"孔"的起源、演变过程-汉字字源辞典

汉字字源辞典收录686条汉字词条，基本涵盖了常见汉字的字源解析，是汉字研究的必备工具。 ... "孔"字在口语里常被说成"窟窿"。"孔"字的金文左边是一个"子"字，像一个婴儿的样子；右边那个紧贴着婴儿头部的弧形像乳房的形状。 ...

孔（汉语文字）_百度百科

孔（拼音：kǒng）是汉语一级通用规范汉字。此字始见于西周金文，本义一般认为是洞穴，窟窿义。由本义引申为空阔，深远义。由洞穴义引申为大、通达义。孔作副词表程度，相当于"很"、"甚"。还作量词。用于洞穴、桥洞、窑洞、油井等。

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