伯

Pinyin: bó | Core Meaning: eldest brother; respectful term for elders or males; title of nobility, e.g., 'Earl' in the five ranks of Chinese nobility.

基本信息 (Basic Information)

含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)

中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 长兄，排行最大的兄弟；古代对男子的尊称或对长辈的称谓；也指封号，如“伯爵”（五等爵之一）。

英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): eldest brother; respectful term for elders or males; title of nobility, e.g., 'Earl' in the five ranks of Chinese nobility.

现代汉语中“伯”多用于表示“伯父”（父亲的哥哥）、“伯母”等亲属称谓，也用于“一伯”这样的封号词，对应古代爵位“伯爵”。口语常用作亲属称呼，书面上也见于历史或文化资料。 In modern Chinese, '伯' is most often used in terms like '伯父' (father's elder brother) and '伯母', referring to uncles and aunts. It's also seen in titles like '伯爵' (Earl). Mostly used in kinship and historical or cultural contexts nowadays.

象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)

“伯”左边为‘亻’表示人与人的关系，右边为‘白’本义为白色，引申为纯洁、高尚，合起来表示长兄或辈分尊者，引申为尊号。The left side '亻' (person radical) indicates human relationships, and the right '白' (white) originally means white and extends to purity or nobility. Together, they indicate the eldest brother or a respected elder, and later an honorific title.

文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)

文言文中“伯”多指兄弟中的长者或同辈中年长者，也常作为封号，意义与现代相近。In Classical Chinese, '伯' often means the eldest brother or senior among peers and is also commonly used as a noble title; meaning similar to modern usage.

深入学习 (In-depth Study)

字源故事 (Origin Story)

“伯”字最早见于甲骨文和金文，起初表示兄弟中排行最大的那位。左边的“人”代表人，右边的“白”表示纯洁或显著，突出其长者的尊贵身份。后来引申为尊称或封号。The character '伯' first appeared in oracle bone and bronze inscriptions, originally referring to the eldest among brothers. The left '人' (person) indicates a human, while the right '白' (white) suggests purity or prominence, highlighting the respect and status of the eldest brother. Later, its meaning expanded to honorifics and noble titles.

字形演变 (Character Evolution)

甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):
在甲骨文中，“伯”字结构较为简单，主要表现为‘人’和‘白’两部分的结合，线条粗犷，表达为兄弟中的长者。 In oracle bone script, '伯' had a simple structure, showing the combination of 'person' and 'white'; the lines are bold and express the meaning of the eldest brother.
金文 (Bronze Inscription):
金文中的“伯”结构与甲骨文类似，但笔画趋于平衡，字形更整齐，‘白’的部分更加清晰。 In bronze inscription, '伯' is similar to the oracle bone form but with more balanced and orderly strokes. The 'white' component becomes clearer.
小篆 (Small Seal Script):
小篆中，“伯”的字形变得更加规范，线条流畅，将‘人’和‘白’的结构融合得更加紧密。 In small seal script, '伯' becomes standardized and elegant, with smoothly merged 'person' and 'white' components.
隶书 (Clerical Script):
隶书里，“伯”字笔画转为横平竖直，结构趋于扁平，演变为接近现代汉字的形态。 In clerical script, the strokes of '伯' become more horizontal and vertical, with a flatter structure, approaching the modern character shape.
楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):
现代楷书中，“伯”字分明，左为‘亻’（单人旁），右为‘白’，结构清晰稳定。 In modern regular script, '伯' is composed with clear structure: '亻' on the left, '白' on the right, well-defined and stable.

常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)

伯父 (father's elder brother (uncle))

bófù

我的伯父喜欢下棋。

Pinyin: Wǒ de bófù xǐhuan xiàqí.

Eng: My uncle (father's elder brother) likes playing chess.

伯爵 (Earl (a rank of nobility))

bójué

在欧洲也有类似于“伯爵”的贵族头衔。

Pinyin: Zài Ōuzhōu yě yǒu lèisì yú 'bójué' de guìzú tóuxián.

Eng: There are also noble titles similar to 'Earl' in Europe.

伯乐 (Talent scout; referring to someone who discovers and appreciates talent (from legendary figure Bole))

Bólè

他是我的伯乐，给了我很大的帮助。

Pinyin: Tā shì wǒ de Bólè, gěi le wǒ hěn dà de bāngzhù.

Eng: He is my Bole, who has helped me a lot (discovered my talent).

相关成语 (Related Idioms)

伯乐相马 Bólè xiāng mǎ

Meaning: Bole appraising horses — refers to someone who can recognize talent

相传春秋时期名为伯乐的人善于识别良马，后来‘伯乐’成为能识人才的人。‘伯乐相马’比喻有眼光的人发现和赏识人才。 It is said that during the Spring and Autumn Period, a man named Bole was renowned for his ability to identify good horses. Later, 'Bole' came to mean someone who can recognize talented people. 'Bole appraising horses' thus refers to the act of discovering and appreciating talents.

多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))

  • French: Frère aîné; comte (titre nobiliaire); oncle (frère aîné du père)
  • German: ältester Bruder; Graf (Adelstitel); Onkel (älterer Bruder des Vaters)
  • Spanish: Hermano mayor; conde (título nobiliario); tío paterno mayor
  • Italian: Fratello maggiore; conte (titolo nobiliare); zio paterno maggiore
  • Portuguese: Irmão mais velho; conde (título de nobreza); tio paterno mais velho
  • Russian: старший брат; граф (дворянский титул); дядя (старший брат отца)
  • Arabic: الأخ الأكبر؛ كونت (لقب نبيل)؛ عم (أخ الأب الأكبر)
  • Persian: برادر بزرگتر؛ کنت (عنوان اشرافی)؛ عمو (برادر بزرگتر پدر)
  • Dutch: Oudere broer; graaf (adellijke titel); oom (oudste broer van vader)
  • Polish: Starszy brat; hrabia (tytuł szlachecki); wujek (starszy brat ojca)
  • Vietnamese: Anh cả; bá tước; bác (anh trai của bố)
  • Ukrainian: старший брат; граф (титул); дядько (старший брат батька)

视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)

通过以下链接在热门视频网站搜索 "伯" 的更多讲解：

Search for more explanations of "伯" on popular video sites:

网络参考 (Web References for "伯") ()

网络内容摘要 (Web Content Summary):

“伯” 的核心含义与起源：“伯”最早见于甲骨文，最初的含义与“人首”有关。后来引申为排行第一（如兄弟中的老大），以及见多识广、明于事理的领导者。在古代，部族首领常被称为“伯”，显示出尊贵与智慧的意味。“伯”也是汉字一级常用字。 Core Meaning & Origin of "伯": “伯” (pinyin: bó, bǎi, bà) first appeared in oracle bone script, originally relating to "human head" or leader. It later extended to mean "the eldest" (especially among brothers), or a wise, knowledgeable person—often a tribal leader in ancient China. It is a common character in modern Chinese.

  • 重要用法： “伯”常用于表示兄弟排行中的老大，如“伯仲叔季”中的“伯”，即“老大”。又如“伯父”特指父亲的哥哥（大伯）。 Main Usage: "伯" often denotes the eldest among brothers, as in "伯仲叔季" (eldest to youngest). "伯父" means "father's elder brother."

  • 易混淆点： “伯”与“白”在古文中有假借用法，形近易混。请注意“伯”字三音，最常用为bó。 Common Confusion: "伯" can be confused with "白" in ancient texts due to phonetic substitution and similar appearance. The main pronunciation is bó, but also see bǎi, bà.

  • 常用词/成语： “伯仲”（难分高下）、“伯乐”（善于发现人才的人，如成语“伯乐识马”）。 Common Words/Idioms: "伯仲" (almost equal, hard to distinguish), "伯乐" (a talent spotter, as in the idiom "伯乐识马"—a good judge of ability).

总之，“伯”字历史悠久，文化内涵丰富，是了解中国古代社会结构和称谓的重要汉字。 In summary, "伯" is an ancient character with rich cultural meanings, essential for understanding Chinese social hierarchy and terms of address.

【伯】的甲骨文金文篆文字形演变含义 - 甲骨文研究网 甲骨文密码字典 在线甲骨文字典研究 - 甲骨文研究网 甲骨文密码字典 在线甲骨文字典研究 认路

伯=白。 【其他解读】 甲骨文、金文假借"白"为"伯"。伯，篆文=（人）+（白，能说会道），表示明于事理的人。造字本义：见多识广、明于事理、能说会道的高人。古人称见多识广的部族首领为"伯"；称调解仲裁的德高望众者为"仲"；称祭祀降神的男子为"叔"。

伯（汉语汉字）_百度百科

伯（拼音：bó，bǎi，bà），是汉语通用规范一级字。最早见于甲骨文。本义即人首。引申指第一的，如兄弟排行，伯仲叔季，兄曰伯；又如父之兄称伯父或伯。（基本信息栏来源：）

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