学习汉字 "争" (zhēng) - Learn Chinese Character "争"

基本信息 (Basic Information)

含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)

中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 争夺，竞争，争取；有分歧或冲突时各方试图获得优势。

英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): to contend, to compete, to strive for; to have a dispute or conflict over something.

“争”常用作动词，表示争夺、竞争或为某事发生争执。在现代汉语中还常见于“争取”“争吵”“战争”等词语。多数用于积极争取或有分歧时的博弈。 ‘争’ is most commonly used as a verb, meaning to compete, to strive for, or to quarrel over something. It appears in words like ‘争取’ (strive for), ‘争吵’ (quarrel), and ‘战争’ (war). Usually associated with competition or opposing interests.

象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)

“争”是会意字，上部为“刀”，下部为“爭”的本字部分，原义是两个人持刀相对，表示争夺。从字形上体现了对抗和竞争的含义。‘争’ is a ‘huiyi’ (compound ideogram) character. The top part represents ‘knife,’ and the lower part is the original part of ‘爭.’ Originally, it depicted two people confronting each other with knives, signifying conflict or contest. The structure thus embodies the ideas of rivalry and competition.

文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)

文言文中“争”的用法与现代意义相近，主要表示争夺、竞争、争执之意。Similar to modern meaning; in Classical Chinese, ‘争’ mainly means to fight for, compete, or argue.

深入学习 (In-depth Study)

字源故事 (Origin Story)

“争”字最早见于甲骨文，本意是两人拿着武器对峙，表示为了某物而相争。后在金文与小篆中，形体逐渐简化，表示争夺、竞争的含义延续至今。这个字形象地表现了古代人争斗的情景，强调“争”的对立性。The character '争' first appeared in oracle bone script, originally depicting two people confronting each other with weapons, symbolizing a struggle or contest. In later scripts like bronze inscriptions and small seal script, the form was simplified, but the meaning of competition or striving remains. The structure vividly presents the scene of ancient people fighting, emphasizing the confrontational aspect of '争'.

字形演变 (Character Evolution)

甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):

甲骨文中的“争”形如两个人手持武器对峙，整体画面感很强，突出争斗之意。 In Oracle Bone Script, ‘争’ looks like two people holding weapons and standing face to face, visually highlighting the meaning of fighting or contest.

金文 (Bronze Inscription):

金文中“争”字结构较甲骨文更规整，人物形象略带简化，但仍能看出对抗的姿态和武器。 In Bronze Inscription, the structure of ‘争’ became more orderly compared to Oracle Bone Script. The figures are more abstract but still suggest confrontation and weapons.

小篆 (Small Seal Script):

小篆中对称性更强，线条圆润，原有争斗的形象转为抽象符号，但整体轮廓仍反映对抗概念。 In Small Seal Script, the character is more symmetrical with smoother strokes. The original fighting shape turns into a more abstract symbol, but its outline still reflects the idea of rivalry.

隶书 (Clerical Script):

隶书中“争”横平竖直，笔画展现波势，结构进一步简化，逐步接近现代写法。 In Clerical Script, ‘争’ features flat horizontal and straight vertical strokes with more flowing brush movements. The structure is further simplified, approaching the modern form.

楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):

现代楷书中“争”结构紧凑，笔画简洁明确，为今天常见写法。 In modern Regular Script, ‘争’ is compact and its strokes are clear and simple, which is the standard written form today.

常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)

争取 (to strive for; to try to obtain)

zhēngqǔ

我们要争取更好的成绩。

Pinyin: Wǒmen yào zhēngqǔ gèng hǎo de chéngjì.

Eng: We should strive for better results.

竞争 (competition; to compete)

jìngzhēng

两个公司在市场上激烈竞争。

Pinyin: Liǎng gè gōngsī zài shìchǎng shàng jīliè jìngzhēng.

Eng: The two companies compete fiercely in the market.

争吵 (to quarrel; to argue)

zhēngchǎo

他们因为小事发生了争吵。

Pinyin: Tāmen yīnwèi xiǎoshì fāshēngle zhēngchǎo.

Eng: They quarreled over a trivial matter.

多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))

French: lutter, combattre, se disputer, rivaliser
German: streiten, kämpfen, wetteifern
Spanish: luchar, competir, disputar
Italian: lottare, competere, contendere
Portuguese: lutar, disputar, competir
Russian: бороться, соперничать, спорить
Arabic: يصارع، ينافس، يتجادل
Persian: رقابت کردن، جنگیدن، بحث کردن
Dutch: strijden, concurreren, ruzie maken
Polish: walczyć, rywalizować, sprzeczać się
Vietnamese: tranh đấu, cạnh tranh, cãi cọ
Ukrainian: боротися, суперничати, сперечатися

视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)

通过以下链接在热门视频网站搜索 "争" 的更多讲解：

Search for more explanations of "争" on popular video sites:

在 Bilibili.com 搜索 "争字源说文解字" (Search on Bilibili)
在 YouTube.com 搜索 "争 character origin etymology" (Search on YouTube)

网络参考 (Web References for "争") ()

网络内容摘要 (Web Content Summary):

争的核心含义是“争夺、竞争”，表示为达到某一目的而彼此不让步或相互竞逐。争 essentially means “to fight for, compete, or contend,” indicating an act where parties do not give way and strive for the same goal.

字形起源： “争” 的甲骨文和金文显示其字形最初像是一只手举着工具或武器，有“争斗”或“争取”的象形意义。 Etymology: The oracle bone and bronze inscriptions show a hand holding a tool or weapon, pictographically expressing the idea of contending or fighting.
常用词语： 如“争取”（strive for）、“竞争”（compete）、“争吵”（quarrel）。 Common words: Examples include “争取” (strive for), “竞争” (compete), “争吵” (quarrel).
常见成语： 如“争分夺秒”（race against time）、“无可争议”（indisputable）。 Common idioms: Such as “争分夺秒” (race against time), “无可争议” (indisputable).
易混淆点： “争”容易和“竞”（也有竞争之意）混用，但“争”更侧重于行动与争取，“竞”则更强调比赛、对抗的性质。 Common confusion: “争” is sometimes confused with “竞.” While both relate to competition, “争” emphasizes action and striving, while “竞” focuses on rivalry or contest itself.

注：提取信息有限，如需更详细的文化背景或历史演变，可查阅关于甲骨文、金文的相关资料。 Note: The extracted information is limited. For more detailed cultural or historical background, consider consulting resources on oracle bone or bronze inscriptions.

争字形演变字源_汉字「争」_争的甲骨文_争的金文_金文编_甲骨文编

汉字"争"的起源与演变（源流）-汉字字源网

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争