呛

Pinyin: qiàng / qiāng | Core Meaning: to choke; to cough or have difficulty breathing due to something irritating the throat or airway.

基本信息 (Basic Information)

含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)

中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 因异物或刺激性气体进入喉咙或呼吸道，引起呼吸不畅或咳嗽。

英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): to choke; to cough or have difficulty breathing due to something irritating the throat or airway.

“呛”常用于描述因误吸水、烟、辣味气体等而咳嗽、呼吸不适。例如“呛水”、“呛辣”、“呛到”。现代口语中也可形容言语尖锐让人难以接受，如“说话很呛”。 ‘呛’ is commonly used to describe coughing, choking, or discomfort caused by accidentally inhaling water, smoke, spicy vapor, etc. For example, ‘呛水’ (choked on water). In modern spoken Chinese, it can also mean someone’s words are sharp or hard to accept.

象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)

“呛”是形声字，“口”表示与口、呼吸有关，“仓”作声旁，同时含有储存、容纳的意义。整体表达异物或气体进入口中储气之处，引发咳嗽或不适。'呛' is a phono-semantic compound: '口' (mouth) signifies a connection to the mouth or breathing, while '仓' provides the pronunciation and also implies storage or capacity. Together, the character denotes something entering the mouth and causing coughing or discomfort in the airway.

文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)

与现代意义相近，主要指吸入异物导致窒息或刺激。Similar to modern meaning; primarily refers to choking or irritation caused by inhaling foreign substances.

深入学习 (In-depth Study)

字源故事 (Origin Story)

“呛”由“口”和“仓”组成。“口”表示与嘴、呼吸有关；“仓”本义为储藏，引申为容量，指呼吸道能容纳气体或异物。组合成“呛”字，表示气体或异物通过口部进入储气之处，引发不适。'呛' is made up of '口' (mouth) and '仓' (storehouse). '口' indicates something related to the mouth or breathing, while '仓' originally refers to storage, here implying the airway's capacity to hold air or foreign substances. Combined, the character '呛' suggests something entering the mouth and causing discomfort in the airway.

字形演变 (Character Evolution)

甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):
甲骨文中未见明确“呛”字，故无记载。 '呛' has not been found in the oracle bone script, so there is no recorded form from this era.
金文 (Bronze Inscription):
金文中未见“呛”字，因该字为后起会意字。 '呛' is not present in bronze inscriptions, as it is a character formed later through ideogrammatic composition.
小篆 (Small Seal Script):
小篆中“呛”字已由“口”与“仓”组成，结构明显，表示与呼吸、储气相关的动作。 In Small Seal Script, '呛' is formed by combining '口' and '仓', clearly showing its structure, representing an action related to breathing or storing air.
隶书 (Clerical Script):
隶书承袭小篆结构，字形方整，部首更清晰，便于书写。 Clerical script retains the structure from Small Seal Script, with a more rectangular form and clearer radicals, making it easier to write.
楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):
现代楷书中“呛”字左侧为‘口’旁，右侧为‘仓’，结构标准，易于辨认。 In modern regular script, '呛' has '口' on the left and '仓' on the right, standardized and easy to recognize.

常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)

呛水 (to choke on water)

qiàng shuǐ

他游泳时不小心呛水了。

Pinyin: Tā yóuyǒng shí bù xiǎoxīn qiàng shuǐ le.

Eng: He accidentally choked on water while swimming.

呛辣 (strong and pungent (smell or taste); irritatingly spicy)

qiàng là

这道菜味道很呛辣。

Pinyin: Zhè dào cài wèidào hěn qiàng là.

Eng: This dish has a very strong and pungent flavor.

相关成语 (Related Idioms)

相关成语信息待补充。Related idiom information pending.

多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))

  • French: s’étouffer; s’irriter la gorge
  • German: verschlucken; husten; Reizung der Atemwege
  • Spanish: atragantarse; irritarse la garganta
  • Italian: soffocare; irritare la gola
  • Portuguese: engasgar; irritar a garganta
  • Russian: поперхнуться; раздражение горла
  • Arabic: يختنق؛ يتهيج الحلق
  • Persian: خفه شدن؛ تحریک گلو
  • Dutch: verslikken; keel irriteren
  • Polish: zakrztusić się; podrażnić gardło
  • Vietnamese: bị sặc; kích thích cổ họng
  • Ukrainian: подавитися; подразнення горла

视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)

通过以下链接在热门视频网站搜索 "呛" 的更多讲解：

Search for more explanations of "呛" on popular video sites:

网络参考 (Web References for "呛") ()

网络内容摘要 (Web Content Summary):

  • 核心含义：“呛”常指刺激性的气体或气味进入呼吸道、嗅觉或视觉器官，产生难受、咳嗽等反应。 Core meaning: "呛" usually refers to irritation caused by pungent gases or smells entering the respiratory tract, nose, or eyes, leading to discomfort and coughing.

  • 常见用法：经常用于描述烟、尘土等使人呼吸困难，如“呛鼻子”、“烟呛人”。有时也比喻说话方式生硬、尖刻，例如“他说话很呛”。 Common usage: Often used for situations where smoke, dust, etc., make breathing difficult, e.g., “呛鼻子” (pungent to the nose), “烟呛人” (smoke irritates people). It can also metaphorically mean a harsh or sharp tone in speech.

  • 易混淆点：“呛”易与“抢”(qiǎng, to grab)、“枪”(qiāng, gun)混淆，注意发音和含义的差异。 Confusing points: "呛" is easily confused with "抢" (qiǎng, to grab) and "枪" (qiāng, gun). Pay attention to pronunciation and meaning differences.

  • 相关词语：呛水（choke on water/swallow water the wrong way）、呛人（pungent or irritating to people）、呛声（a sharp/harsh retort or manner of speaking）。 Related words: 呛水 (choke on water), 呛人 (irritating to people), 呛声 (sharp or harsh way of speaking).

  • 象形/文化背景：暂无详细象形起源或趣味文化背景信息。 Pictographic/Cultural notes: No detailed pictographic origin or notable cultural background found.

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呛. 嗆 qiàng 〈动〉 (1) 有刺激性的气体进入嗅觉器官、呼吸器官或视觉器官，使人感觉难受 [irritate the respiratory organs] 。 如:呛鼻子;呛眼睛;呛得咳嗽;呛人(因某种气味的刺激而使人难受;又比喻说话有火气，生硬而尖刻);烟呛人;尘土呛人

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