被

Pinyin: bèi | Core Meaning: cover, quilt; (also marks passive voice in grammar)

基本信息 (Basic Information)

含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)

中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 覆盖、被子；用作被动语气的标志

英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): cover, quilt; (also marks passive voice in grammar)

“被”有两大常用含义：一是名词，指“被子”；二是被动语气标志，如“他被老师表扬了”。现代口语中常用作语法成分，标示被动，比一般词语更书面。 "被" has two main usages: as a noun meaning 'quilt' or 'cover', and as a grammatical marker for the passive voice (e.g., 'He was praised by the teacher'). In modern Chinese, its use as a passive marker is common, especially in formal or written context.

象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)

“被”左边是“衣”字旁，表示与衣物有关，右边是“皮”，本义为盖在皮肤上的衣物，形声兼会意字，强调覆盖包裹之意。The left component is '衣' (clothing), indicating relation to garments; the right part is '皮' (skin/leather). The character combines form and sound elements, visually emphasizing the concept of covering or wrapping.

文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)

文言文中“被”主要表“覆盖、穿着”，也有被动用法，用法与现代基本相近。In Classical Chinese, '被' mainly meant 'to cover' or 'to wear', and also functioned as a passive marker. Its use was similar to modern times.

深入学习 (In-depth Study)

字源故事 (Origin Story)

“被”最初是表示覆盖身体的织物，如被褥。它从“衣”和“皮”组成，象征用织物包裹身体，表达了覆盖、包裹的意思，后引申为被动语气标志。'被' originally indicated cloth used to cover the body, such as blankets or quilts. The character combines the '衣' (clothing) radical and '皮' (skin/leather), suggesting wrapping the body with fabric. Later, its grammatical use emerged as a passive marker.

字形演变 (Character Evolution)

甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):
甲骨文中“被”较为罕见，一般尚未成独立字形，类似与衣物覆盖之意的其他字同源。 In Oracle Bone Script, '被' is rare as an independent character; related characters for covering with fabric existed sharing the same meaning.
金文 (Bronze Inscription):
金文中“被”由'衣'部首和'皮'结合，形象地表示衣物包裹皮肤。 In Bronze Inscriptions, '被' is formed from the '衣' radical and '皮', visually representing fabric wrapping skin.
小篆 (Small Seal Script):
小篆中的“被”结构更加规范，衣部和皮部配合紧密，更具装饰性。 '被' in Small Seal Script became more standardized: the '衣' and '皮' radicals are combined precisely, resulting in a decorative, unified structure.
隶书 (Clerical Script):
隶书中“被”变得简洁，横画变宽，结构趋于现代汉字形态。 In Clerical Script, '被' became more simplified, with wider horizontal strokes and a layout approaching the modern character's shape.
楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):
现代楷书中的“被”由“衣”字旁和“皮”组合，结构清晰，书写规范。 Modern Regular Script combines the '衣' radical on the left and '皮' on the right; the structure is clear and the writing is standard.

常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)

被子 (quilt; blanket)

bèizi

天冷了，盖上被子吧。

Pinyin: Tiān lěng le, gài shàng bèizi ba.

Eng: It's cold; cover yourself with the quilt.

被动 (passive (voice or behavior))

bèidòng

他在工作中常常处于被动状态。

Pinyin: Tā zài gōngzuò zhōng chángcháng chǔyú bèidòng zhuàngtài.

Eng: He is often in a passive position at work.

被告 (defendant (law))

bèigào

法院裁定被告无罪。

Pinyin: Fǎyuàn cáidìng bèigào wúzuì.

Eng: The court found the defendant not guilty.

被害 (to be victimized, to suffer harm)

bèihài

他在事件中被害。

Pinyin: Tā zài shìjiàn zhōng bèihài.

Eng: He was victimized in the incident.

相关成语 (Related Idioms)

相关成语信息待补充。Related idiom information pending.

多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))

  • French: couverture, voix passive
  • German: Bettdecke, Passiv (Grammatik)
  • Spanish: manta, pasiva (gramática)
  • Italian: coperta, passivo (grammatica)
  • Portuguese: cobertor, voz passiva
  • Russian: одеяло, страдательный залог
  • Arabic: بطانية، صيغة المبني للمجهول
  • Persian: پتو، مجهول (دستور زبان)
  • Dutch: dekbed, passieve vorm
  • Polish: kołdra, strona bierna
  • Vietnamese: chăn, thể bị động (ngữ pháp)
  • Ukrainian: ковдра, пасивний стан

视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)

通过以下链接在热门视频网站搜索 "被" 的更多讲解：

Search for more explanations of "被" on popular video sites:

网络参考 (Web References for "被") ()

网络内容摘要 (Web Content Summary):

  • 核心含义与起源： “被”最初的字形来源于战国时期，结构上“从衣，皮声”，意指“被子”——睡觉时盖在身上的东西。本义就是“覆盖於体的夹被”。 Core meaning & origin: The character “被” originally appeared in scripts from the Warring States period. Its components mean "from clothing, with the sound component '皮 (pí)'" and its earliest meaning was a “quilt” or “blanket” covering the body during sleep.

  • 引申义与常用用法： 由“覆盖、遮蔽”引申，“被”在现代汉语中也常作动词用，表示“受、遭受”，广泛用于被动语态（被字句），如“他被老师表扬了”。 Extended meanings & common usage: From the idea of “covering,” “被” also developed the meanings “to be subjected to, to undergo,” and is now chiefly used to mark the passive voice in Chinese sentences, such as “他被老师表扬了” (“He was praised by the teacher”).

  • 易混淆点： “被”除了作为名词（表示被子），最常见的用法是在句子中作“助词”引出被动动作。学习时要注意它通常和其他介词（如“让”、“叫”）区分。 Common confusions: Besides its noun use (quilt/blanket), the most common modern use is as a marker for the passive voice. Learners should note it is used differently from other passive markers such as “让” or “叫”.

  • 常用词与成语举例： 常见词包括“被子”（quilt）、“被动”（passive）。常用结构如“被……（做了某事）”。 Common collocations & idioms: Common words include “被子” (quilt), “被动” (passive). The common passive construction is “被 + [doer] + [action]”.

补充说明： 当前网页中未提供该字甲骨文的详细象形演变或更丰富的文化背景。 Note: The current sources do not provide detailed oracle bone script evolution or extensive cultural background for this character.

【被】的甲骨文金文篆文字形演变含义 - 甲骨文研究网 甲骨文密码字典 在线甲骨文字典研究 - 甲骨文研究网 甲骨文密码字典 在线甲骨文字典研究 认路

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被（汉语文字）_百度百科

被（拼音：bèi、pī），汉语一级通用规范汉字（常用字）。此字始见于战国文字，古字形从衣、皮声，"皮"也隐含皮附在外的意思。"被"的本义是"睡眠时用以覆体的夹被"、被子。在现代汉语中，继续沿用了它的本义。被子是盖在人身上的，引申而有表面、覆盖、施加、遭受等义。

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