破 🔊

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核心含义与字形起源： “破”字最早见于篆文，左边为“石”，表示材料为石头，右边为“皮”，兼表声音和义项，有“剥离、裂开、毁坏”之意。因此，“破”的基本意思是指破裂、损坏或使之分开，如“打破”“破裂”。在六书中属于形声兼会意字。 Core Meaning and Origin: The character “破” appeared first in seal script. The left component “石” (stone) indicates material, while the right component “皮” (skin) provides sound and meaning such as “to peel, to split, to break.” Therefore, its core meaning is to break, damage, or split something, as seen in words like “打破” (break), “破裂” (crack).

常用词语与易混点： “破”常见于“突破”、“破坏”、“破产”、“破晓”等词。需要注意“破”侧重于物理上或抽象事物的“破裂、损毁”，与“坏”（侧重变坏）易混。 Common Words and Confusions: “破” is common in words like “突破” (breakthrough), “破坏” (destroy/damage), “破产” (bankrupt), and “破晓” (daybreak). Note: “破” emphasizes breaking or damage, while “坏” focuses on becoming bad or spoiled.

• 常见成语：破釜沉舟（下决心做某事，不留退路）。 Common idiom: 破釜沉舟 (literally “break the cauldrons and sink the boats”—make a determined effort with no turning back).

文化趣闻： “破釜沉舟”源自中国古代战争故事，强调“破”所代表的彻底决断。 Cultural Note: The idiom “破釜沉舟” comes from an ancient Chinese war story, highlighting the decisive nature implied by “破.”