沮

Pinyin: jǔ | Core Meaning: to prevent, to obstruct, dispirited; also a river name in China (e.g., Ju River).

基本信息 (Basic Information)

含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)

中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 阻止，阻塞，沮丧；名字也用于河流名（如“沮河”）。

英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): to prevent, to obstruct, dispirited; also a river name in China (e.g., Ju River).

现代汉语中，“沮”较常用于“沮丧”一词，表示心情低落、失望。此外，“沮”很少单独使用，多见于书面语或地名。 '沮' is most commonly seen in the word '沮丧' (depressed/dispirited) in modern Chinese. By itself, it is rarely used in spoken language, appearing mainly in formal writing or as part of place names.

象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)

“沮”是形声字，左边的“氵”表示与水有关，右边的“且”作声旁，整体表示水被阻塞或停滞，引申为阻碍、挫折，后来也用于情绪低落的意思。'沮' is a phono-semantic compound: the left '氵' hints at water, while the right '且' provides the sound. The character originally conveyed the idea of water being blocked or detained, later extending to mean obstruction or, metaphorically, disappointment or sadness.

文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)

多用作阻挠、使受挫义，与现代“沮丧”的意义相关，基本相近。Mainly used to mean obstruct or frustrate in Classical Chinese, closely related to the modern sense of '沮丧'; thus, similar to modern meaning.

深入学习 (In-depth Study)

字源故事 (Origin Story)

“沮”字的左边是“氵”，表示与水有关，右边是“且”，用作声旁。整体表达阻塞水流之意，引申为阻止、受挫等含义。The left part of '沮' is '氵', indicating a relation to water, while the right part '且' serves as the phonetic component. The whole character originally described the blocking of water’s flow, extended to mean obstruction or frustration.

字形演变 (Character Evolution)

甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):
甲骨文中“沮”未有明确记载，或以形近字出现。此时期与水和阻塞有关的表意尚不明确。 'Ju' did not have a clear appearance in Oracle Bone script; related meanings were represented by similar characters, and the specific meaning tied to water and blockage was not yet fully developed.
金文 (Bronze Inscription):
金文中“沮”字出现较为有限，部分铭文中用作地名或表示阻塞水流。字形左为水，右为“且”形，体现声意结合。 In Bronze Inscriptions, '沮' appears rarely, mainly in context of places or water obstruction. The form features water on the left and '且' on the right, indicating combined phonetic and semantic components.
小篆 (Small Seal Script):
小篆的“沮”已较为稳定，左为三点水，右为“且”字，结构分明。 In Small Seal Script, '沮' became standardized, with '氵' (three-dots water) on the left and '且' on the right, forming a clear and balanced structure.
隶书 (Clerical Script):
隶书中“沮”更趋扁平，笔画方折，结构仍为水和“且”相结合。 During the Clerical Script era, '沮' became flatter with more angular strokes, still composed of '氵' and '且'.
楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):
现代楷书“沮”字规范，左为三点水，右为标准‘且’字。 In modern Regular Script, '沮' is standardized: '氵' on the left for water, and a regular '且' on the right.

常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)

沮丧 (depressed, disheartened, frustrated)

jǔ sàng

听到这个消息，他感到很沮丧。

Pinyin: Tīng dào zhè ge xiāoxi, tā gǎndào hěn jǔsàng.

Eng: He felt very disheartened upon hearing the news.

沮河 (Ju River (a river in Hebei, China))

jǔ hé

沮河流经河北省多个县市。

Pinyin: Jǔ hé liú jīng Héběi shěng duō gè xiàn shì.

Eng: The Ju River flows through several counties in Hebei Province.

相关成语 (Related Idioms)

相关成语信息待补充。Related idiom information pending.

多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))

  • French: empêcher, frustré ; déprimé
  • German: hindern, blockieren; niedergeschlagen
  • Spanish: obstaculizar, desanimado
  • Italian: ostacolare, scoraggiato
  • Portuguese: obstruir, desanimado
  • Russian: мешать, препятствовать; подавленный
  • Arabic: يمنع، محبط
  • Persian: مانع شدن، دلسرد
  • Dutch: belemmeren, ontmoedigd
  • Polish: utrudniać, przygnębiony
  • Vietnamese: ngăn cản, chán nản
  • Ukrainian: перешкоджати, пригнічений

视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)

通过以下链接在热门视频网站搜索 "沮" 的更多讲解：

Search for more explanations of "沮" on popular video sites:

网络参考 (Web References for "沮") ()

网络内容摘要 (Web Content Summary):

沮（拼音：jǔ / jū / jù），是一个形声字，左边“氵”表示与水有关，右边“且”作声旁。本义为水名，历史上指中国陕西、山东等地的河流，如漆沮水，是周朝的发祥地之一。 沮 (pinyin: jǔ / jū / jù) is a phono-semantic character: the "氵" radical indicates a relation to water, and "且" is the phonetic component. Its original meaning refers to river names in China, such as the Qiju River in Shaanxi and Shandong provinces, significant in ancient Chinese history.

  • 引申含义：后来“沮”有“阻止”、“使受挫折”的意思，常见于“沮丧”（失落、心情低落）。 Extended meaning: Later, "沮" came to mean "to hinder" or "to frustrate", and it frequently appears in words like "沮丧" (depressed, disheartened).
  • 用法及易混点：有多个读音（jǔ, jū, jù），但现代汉语主要用jǔ。注意与“阻”、“拒”等意思相近但字形、用法不同。 Pronunciation and potential confusion: Several pronunciations exist (jǔ, jū, jù), but "jǔ" is the most common today. Note its similarity in meaning to "阻" (to block) and "拒" (to refuse), but the characters and uses differ.

成语/常用词：沮丧（depressed），沮止（阻止）。 Common words/phrases: 沮丧 (disheartened), 沮止 (to hinder or stop).

关于文化背景，“沮”作为古代水名，承载着历史地理意义，也是周朝发源地之一。 In terms of cultural background, "沮" as an ancient river name carries historical and geographical significance, being linked to the origins of the Zhou dynasty.

注：现有信息主要涉及字形、字义和地理历史，缺乏详细成语或更多文化故事。 Note: The available information mainly covers character form, basic meanings, and historical geography, but lacks extensive idioms or cultural anecdotes.

汉字"沮"的起源、演变过程-汉字字源辞典

汉字字源辞典收录13864条汉字词条，基本涵盖了常见汉字的字源解析，是汉字研究的必备工具。

沮《字源》_汉字「沮」_沮在字源中的解释 - 国学大师

汉字：「沮」在《字源》中的解释 jū 清纽、鱼部;清纽、鱼韵、七余切。 jǔ 从纽、鱼部; 从纽、语韵、慈吕切。 jù 精纽、鱼部; 精纽、御韵、将预切。 形声字。从水，且声。水名，凡六：1.渭河支流漆水，即今陕西省彬县、岐山一带的漆沮水。周朝发祥地。或谓漆、沮为二水。2.源出山东省濮县 ...

更多图片 (沮 More Images) ()

沮 - 更多图片 (More Images) (modelslab_artistic_v2)