酸

Pinyin: suān | Core Meaning: sour; acidic taste (like vinegar); can also mean sore or aching (physical sensation), or sadness (emotional).

基本信息 (Basic Information)

含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)

中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 味道的一种，像醋的味道；也用来形容感情上的酸楚或物理上的酸痛。

英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): sour; acidic taste (like vinegar); can also mean sore or aching (physical sensation), or sadness (emotional).

“酸”常用来形容味觉，如“酸味”，也可指身体某处肌肉的疲劳感，如“腿酸”。在网络用语中，有时指羡慕或嫉妒（如“柠檬精，真酸”）。还用于形容情感的酸楚。 In modern Chinese, '酸' mainly describes sour taste, such as in food ('酸味'). It can also describe muscle soreness ('腿酸'). In internet slang, it can indicate jealousy or envy ('so sour'). It also expresses emotional sadness or heartache.

象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)

“酸”是形声字，左边的“酉”表意，和酒、发酵相关，右边“夋”表音。整体表达因发酵产生的酸味。'酸' is a phono-semantic compound character: the left '酉' (indicating meaning, related to alcohol/fermentation), and the right '夋' (providing the sound). The character as a whole refers to the sourness resulting from fermentation.

文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)

与现代意义相近，主要指酸味或因酸味带来的相关感受。Similar to modern meaning, mainly refers to sour taste or related sensations.

深入学习 (In-depth Study)

字源故事 (Origin Story)

“酸”字最早见于战国时期的青铜器铭文和后来的小篆。字形由“酉”和“夋”组成。“酉”与酒有关，“夋”意为行进，可能表示与发酵、有味相关，代表酒发酸后的味道。The character '酸' first appeared in bronze inscriptions during the Warring States period and later in Small Seal Script. It is composed of '酉' (a component related to wine or alcohol) and '夋' (meaning walking or moving forward). Together, they refer to the sour taste produced when wine ferments.

字形演变 (Character Evolution)

甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):
甲骨文中没有直接出现“酸”字，但表达酸味的意思可能用其他词表示。 '酸' did not directly appear in Oracle Bone Script; expressions for 'sour' were possibly written with other words.
金文 (Bronze Inscription):
金文时期出现了“酸”字雏形，多由“酉”（酒）和一个表示动作的部分组成，字形较为复杂。 During the Bronze Inscription era, primitive forms of '酸' appeared, composed of '酉' (wine) and an action-related component, making for a complicated structure.
小篆 (Small Seal Script):
小篆中“酸”的写法变得规则，由“酉”和“夋”组成，结构清晰，体现出和酒、发酵有关的含义。 In Small Seal Script, '酸' became more regular, composed of '酉' and '夋', clearly reflecting its connection with wine and fermentation.
隶书 (Clerical Script):
隶书时期，笔画变得平直，结构更简洁，逐渐接近现代字形。 In Clerical Script, the strokes became more straight and simple, and the structure was closer to the modern form.
楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):
现代楷书中“酸”的写法已非常固定和标准，由“酉”和“夋”组成，笔画分明。 In modern Regular Script, the form of '酸' is fixed and standard, composed of '酉' and '夋' with clear strokes.

常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)

酸味 (sour taste; acidity)

suān wèi

柠檬有很强的酸味。

Pinyin: Níngméng yǒu hěn qiáng de suān wèi.

Eng: Lemons have a strong sour taste.

肌肉酸痛 (muscle soreness)

jīròu suāntòng

锻炼以后，我的腿肌肉酸痛。

Pinyin: Duànliàn yǐhòu, wǒ de tuǐ jīròu suāntòng.

Eng: After exercising, my leg muscles are sore.

酸奶 (yogurt)

suān nǎi

早餐我喜欢喝酸奶。

Pinyin: Zǎocān wǒ xǐhuan hē suān nǎi.

Eng: I like to drink yogurt for breakfast.

相关成语 (Related Idioms)

酸甜苦辣 suān tián kǔ là

Meaning: the vicissitudes of life; life's ups and downs; literally 'sour, sweet, bitter, and hot (spicy)'

“酸甜苦辣”原指各种不同的味道，比喻人生或生活中的各种经历和感受，如同尝遍世间百味。 'Suān tián kǔ là' literally refers to the four major tastes and is used metaphorically to describe all the experiences and emotions one goes through in life, as if tasting all the flavors the world has to offer.

多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))

  • French: acide, aigre
  • German: sauer
  • Spanish: ácido/a, agrio/a
  • Italian: acido/a
  • Portuguese: azedo, ácido
  • Russian: кислый
  • Arabic: حامض
  • Persian: ترش
  • Dutch: zuur
  • Polish: kwaśny
  • Vietnamese: chua
  • Ukrainian: кислий

视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)

通过以下链接在热门视频网站搜索 "酸" 的更多讲解：

Search for more explanations of "酸" on popular video sites:

网络参考 (Web References for "酸") ()

网络搜索信息待获取。Web search information pending.

更多图片 (酸 More Images) ()

酸 - 更多图片 (More Images) (modelslab_artistic_v2)