无

Pinyin: wú | Core Meaning: not have, without, nothing, none

基本信息 (Basic Information)

含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)

中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 没有、无有、不存在

英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): not have, without, nothing, none

“无”在现代汉语中常用作否定副词，表示“没有”。常用于书面语或正式语境，如“无理由”、“无条件”。日常口语中多用“没有”代替“无”。 '无' is commonly used as a negative adverb in modern Chinese to mean 'not have' or 'without,' especially in written or formal contexts, e.g. '无理由' (without reason), '无条件' (unconditional). In everyday spoken language, '没有' is more frequently used instead.

象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)

“无”字本义为羽毛飘散之状。上面像羽毛，下面像手，表示手挥散羽毛，比喻原有的东西已经消失或不存在，进而表达“无”的意思。'无' originally meant the state of feathers being scattered. The upper part represents feathers, the lower part depicts a hand, suggesting a hand dispersing feathers, metaphorically indicating that something has vanished or does not exist, thus conveying the meaning of 'nothing' or 'without.'

文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)

在文言文中，“无”多用作否定词，意为“没有”“不是”，与现代意义相近。In Classical Chinese, '无' was mainly used as a negation meaning 'not have' or 'is not,' similar to its modern meaning.

深入学习 (In-depth Study)

字源故事 (Origin Story)

“无”字最早见于甲骨文。据说它的原始字形描绘了一只人手持羽毛飘散的样子，表示没有、散失之意。后来演变为表示“没有”、“不存在”。The character '无' first appeared in oracle bone script. Its earliest form is said to depict a hand holding feathers dispersing, symbolizing the idea of nothingness or the absence of something, which later came to mean 'not exist' or 'without.'

字形演变 (Character Evolution)

甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):
“无”在甲骨文中形似一只手挥散羽毛，象征着消散、没有。 In Oracle Bone Script, '无' resembles a hand scattering feathers, symbolizing dispersal or absence.
金文 (Bronze Inscription):
金文中的“无”采用更抽象的符号，手和羽毛的形象仍可辨认，但线条更加简化。 In Bronze Script, '无' employs a more abstract symbol, with the hand and feather elements still distinguishable but with more simplified lines.
小篆 (Small Seal Script):
小篆时期“无”进一步抽象化，上部为羽，下部为手，结构更统一、美观。 In Small Seal Script, '无' becomes even more abstract: the upper part represents feathers, and the lower part a hand, with the overall structure more unified and balanced.
隶书 (Clerical Script):
隶书中“无”的字形趋于扁平化，结构比小篆更宽展，逐渐接近现代写法。 In Clerical Script, '无' became flatter and wider than in Seal Script, with a structure gradually approaching the modern form.
楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):
现代楷书中的“无”字去掉了羽毛的具体形象，线条简洁明了，成为今天常见的样式。 In modern Regular Script, '无' has lost the specific feather imagery and is written with clean, clear strokes, reaching the common form used today.

常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)

无聊 (boring; bored)

wúliáo

今天在家待了一天，感到很无聊。

Pinyin: Jīntiān zài jiā dài le yītiān, gǎndào hěn wúliáo.

Eng: I stayed at home all day today and felt very bored.

无法 (unable; cannot)

wúfǎ

我无法回答这个问题。

Pinyin: Wǒ wúfǎ huídá zhège wèntí.

Eng: I am unable to answer this question.

无声 (silent; without sound)

wúshēng

图书馆里一片无声。

Pinyin: Túshūguǎn lǐ yīpiàn wúshēng.

Eng: The library is completely silent.

相关成语 (Related Idioms)

无中生有 wú zhōng shēng yǒu

Meaning: to create something out of nothing; to fabricate out of thin air

“无中生有”出自宋代朱熹的语录，本意是从没有中创造出有，比喻凭空捏造，虚构事实。 'Wu zhong sheng you' originates from the Song dynasty, attributed to Zhu Xi. It originally meant to create existence out of nothingness, and now is used metaphorically for fabricating stories or making things up from thin air.

多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))

  • French: sans, aucun, rien
  • German: ohne, nichts, kein
  • Spanish: sin, ninguno, nada
  • Italian: senza, nessuno, niente
  • Portuguese: sem, nenhum, nada
  • Russian: без, нет, ничто
  • Arabic: بدون، لا يوجد، لا شيء
  • Persian: بدون، هیچ، نیست
  • Dutch: zonder, geen, niets
  • Polish: bez, żadny, nic
  • Vietnamese: không, không có, không gì cả
  • Ukrainian: без, нічого, жодного

视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)

通过以下链接在热门视频网站搜索 "无" 的更多讲解：

Search for more explanations of "无" on popular video sites:

网络参考 (Web References for "无") ()

网络内容摘要 (Web Content Summary):

  • 核心含义：“无”主要表示“没有、缺少”，是现代汉语中常用的否定词。 Core meaning: "无" mainly means "none" or "without" and is a commonly used negation word in modern Chinese.

  • 象形起源与文化背景：“无”字最早见于商代甲骨文，原形像人手持舞具跳舞，是“舞”的本字。后来假借用作“没有”的意思。 Pictographic origin & background: The earliest form of "无" appeared in Shang dynasty oracle bones. Its shape resembled a person dancing with props and was originally the character for "dance" ("舞"). Later, it was borrowed to mean "none" or "without."

  • 常见用法及易混淆点：“无”可表示否定（如“无法”、“无用”），也可作“不要”讲，通“毋”，有时与“不”相近，但“不”主要否定动词，“无”多用于描述不存在、缺少。 Common usage & confusion: "无" is used for negation (such as in "无法" - unable, "无用" - useless). It can mean "do not" (interchangeable with "毋"). Sometimes confused with "不": "无" often describes absence/lack, while "不" is mainly used to negate verbs.

  • 相关词语：常见搭配有“无论”、“无法”、“无知”、“无处”等。成语如“无中生有”（凭空捏造）、“无微不至”等。 Related words & idioms: Frequently used in words like "无论" (regardless), "无法" (unable), "无知" (ignorant), and phrases like "无中生有" (create something out of nothing), "无微不至" (meticulous care).

注：若需进一步了解“无”的字形演变和文化意义，建议查阅汉字字源辞典等专业工具书。 Note: For deeper study on the evolution and culture behind "无", refer to specialized etymological dictionaries.

无（汉语文字）_百度百科

无（拼音：wú，mó）为汉语一级通用规范汉字（常用字）。此字始见于商代甲骨文，其古字形像人拿着舞具起舞的样子，是"舞"的初文。"无"后假借表示没有，此义在现代汉语中最为常用。"无"又表示不要的意思，通"毋"。"无"也同"不"，表示一般否定。

汉字"無"的起源、演变过程-汉字字源辞典

汉字字源辞典收录13864条汉字词条，基本涵盖了常见汉字的字源解析，是汉字研究的必备工具。 ... 《说文》认为"無"字从"亡"声，乃后出之字。《说文》"无 ...

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