基本信息 (Basic Information)

含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)

中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 袭击;袭用;继承;覆盖。

英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): to attack (especially by surprise); to inherit or adopt (as in tradition); to cover.

“袭”多用于表示突然进攻(如“袭击”),也可表示继承(如“世袭”)、沿用(如“袭用”),或用于覆盖的含义。在日常用语中,主要用作动词。 Primarily used as a verb meaning to attack (especially suddenly or by surprise), to inherit (hereditary succession), to adopt or continue (previous practices), or to cover. Common in modern phrases such as '袭击' (attack/surprise attack) and '世袭' (hereditary succession).

象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)

“袭”上部为表示衣服的“衣”,下部为表示龙的“龙”,龙象征灵动、变化,两者合在一起表示用衣服覆盖的动作。后加“又”,表示用手持衣覆盖或突然动作,故引申为趁人不备进攻。The upper part '衣' means clothing, while the lower part '龙' (dragon) symbolizes movement and dynamism. The addition of '又' (hand) underlines the action of covering or attacking suddenly. Thus, the character combines the notions of covering with clothing and acting with speed or surprise – later extended to mean 'to attack by surprise.'

文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)

基本与现代意义相近,多用于“继承”、“覆盖”及“乘机进攻”等。Similar to modern meaning, primarily used for 'to inherit', 'to cover', or 'to attack by surprise.'

深入学习 (In-depth Study)

字源故事 (Origin Story)

“袭”最初表示的是“用衣服覆盖”的动作。后来,含义引申为趁人不备加以攻击,因此有了“袭击”和“突然进攻”的含义。同时,也有“继承”、“沿用”的意思。"袭" originally referred to the action of covering with clothes. Later, the meaning extended to attacking someone when they are unprepared, leading to the current meanings of 'attack' and 'surprise assault.' It also developed meanings of 'to inherit' or 'to carry on.'

字形演变 (Character Evolution)

甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):
甲骨文中还未发现“袭”的字形,但相关含义可通过衣、龙等部件推测其覆盖和动作的概念。 The character '袭' has not been distinctly found in Oracle Bone Script; however, its core ideas (covering, movement) are reflected by related components like '衣' (clothes) and '龙' (dragon).
金文 (Bronze Inscription):
金文中“袭”由“衣”和“龙”组成,表示用衣裳覆盖或者龙形流动,暗含包裹、袭取的意象。 In Bronze Inscriptions, '袭' is composed of '衣' (clothes) on top and '龙' (dragon) below, symbolizing covering with clothing or the flowing action evocative of enveloping or conquering.
小篆 (Small Seal Script):
小篆中“袭”的结构已经接近现代写法,上部为“衣”,下部为“龙”,字形修长、对称。 In the Small Seal Script, the structure of '袭' closely resembles the modern form, with '衣' on top and '龙' below, slender and symmetrical.
隶书 (Clerical Script):
隶书将“袭”的笔画横平竖直,结构更加简化,线条平直。 The Clerical Script presents '袭' with more regular, straight lines and a squarer structure, simplifying the strokes.
楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):
现代楷书中“袭”由“衣”字头、“龙”字身及“又”字组成,结构明晰,书写规范。 In modern Regular Script, '袭' is composed of the '衣' radical at the top, '龙' (dragon) in the middle, and '又' at the bottom, displaying clear structure and standard form.

常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)

袭击 (to attack; raid; assault)

xí jī

敌人夜间对营地发动了袭击。

Pinyin: Dí rén yèjiān duì yíngdì fādòng le xíjī.

Eng: The enemy launched a raid on the camp at night.

世袭 (hereditary succession)

shì xí

这个职位原本是世袭的。

Pinyin: Zhège zhíwèi yuánběn shì shìxí de.

Eng: This position was originally hereditary.

袭用 (to adopt (old methods, style); to carry on)

xí yòng

他袭用了前人的写作风格。

Pinyin: Tā xíyòng le qiánrén de xiězuò fēnggé.

Eng: He adopted the writing style of his predecessors.

相关成语 (Related Idioms)

趁火打劫,乘虚而入,突然袭击 chèn huǒ dǎ jié, chéng xū ér rù, tū rán xí jī

Meaning: to loot a burning house; to take advantage of weakness; to launch a surprise attack

古时有贼人趁别人家中发生火灾混乱之时进行抢劫,这样的行为称为“乘虚而入”或“趁火打劫”,也常与“袭击”搭配,强调在对方无防备的情况下突然进攻。 In ancient times, robbers would take advantage of chaos during a fire to loot houses. This act is called 'taking advantage of weakness' or 'looting a burning house,' often paired with 'surprise attack', emphasizing launching an assault when the opponent is unprepared.

多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))

  • French: attaquer; hériter; couvrir; adopter
  • German: angreifen; erben; übernehmen; bedecken
  • Spanish: atacar; heredar; cubrir; adoptar
  • Italian: attaccare; ereditare; coprire; adottare
  • Portuguese: atacar; herdar; cobrir; adotar
  • Russian: атаковать; наследовать; покрывать; перенимать
  • Arabic: يهاجم؛ يرث؛ يغطي؛ يعتمد
  • Persian: حمله کردن؛ به ارث بردن؛ پوشاندن؛ اقتباس کردن
  • Dutch: aanvallen; erven; bedekken; overnemen
  • Polish: zaatakować; odziedziczyć; przykryć; przejąć
  • Vietnamese: tấn công; thừa kế; bao phủ; áp dụng
  • Ukrainian: атакувати; успадковувати; покривати; переймати

视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)

网络参考 (Web References for "袭") ()

网络内容摘要 (Web Content Summary):

汉字“袭”的核心含义是指“袭击、袭承、继承”,也有用作量词,一套衣服叫“一袭”。The Chinese character “袭” mainly means "to attack secretly, to inherit, or to continue." It can also be a measure word for a suit of clothes ("yī xí" = a suit).

“袭”字的造字本义,据字源辞典分析,是象形:最初像一个人悄悄拿着一把斧子,带有“突袭、突然袭击”之意,体现了“袭”的动作隐蔽、突然的特点。According to etymological analysis, “袭” originally pictographically depicted a person stealthily holding an axe, highlighting the hidden and sudden nature of the action (like a surprise attack).

  • 特别用法: “袭”作量词时,指衣服成套,比如“一袭长裙”。Special usage: As a measure word, “袭” describes a set of clothes, e.g., "一袭长裙" (a long dress).

  • 易混淆: “袭”与“袭击”(to attack/raid)常紧密相关。不要与“习(学或习惯)”混淆。Easily confused: “袭” is closely linked with “袭击” (to attack/raid). Do not confuse it with “习” (to learn/to be accustomed).

  • 常用词/成语: 常见如“袭击”(surprise attack)、“继袭”(to inherit or continue)、“一袭衣服”(a suit of clothes)。Common collocations/idioms: e.g., “袭击” (surprise attack), “继袭” (to succeed/inherit), “一袭衣服” (a suit of clothes).

整体而言,“袭”字既有“突袭”的动态含义,也有“承袭”的传承之意,文化中常见于军事、继承及服饰等语境。In summary, “袭” conveys both the action of a sudden attack and the idea of succession/inheritance, commonly appearing in contexts of military, succession, and clothing.

汉字"袭"的起源、演变过程-汉字字源辞典

汉字字源辞典收录7747条汉字词条,基本涵盖了常见汉字的字源解析,是汉字研究的必备工具。 ... 文字在漫长的发展历程中,在不同的历史时段里,曾经侧重代表过不同的意思。袭字的造字本义就是一个人悄悄拿着一把斧子,后来因为诸般巧合,或者说偏差理解 ...

袭的解释|袭的意思|汉典"袭"字的基本解释 - 漢典

袭. 襲 xí. 量 (1) 衣一套为一袭 [a suit] 赐衣被一袭。—— 《汉书·昭帝纪》 。 注:"一称也。犹今一副。 乃命留五时衣各一袭。—— 《后汉书·东平宪王苍传》 袈衣一袭,止用一两。—— 《三宝太监西洋记通俗演义》 又如:袭衣(成套衣服);袭衣兼食(成套衣服,多盘菜肴。

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