学习汉字 "儒" (rú) - Learn Chinese Character "儒"

基本信息 (Basic Information)

含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)

中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 古代指有学问、有教养的人，后专指儒家及其学说。

英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): Scholar; Confucian; person adept in Confucianism or literati.

现代“儒”常用于表示“儒家”（指中国古代以孔子为代表的思想流派），或指有学问、温文尔雅的人，如“儒雅”、“书儒”。在日常口语中并不常独立使用，多见于书面语或文化语境中。 In modern Chinese, '儒' is mainly used in words referring to Confucianism or learned, scholarly people, such as '儒家' (Confucian school) or '儒雅' (gentle, refined). Seldom used alone in everyday speech; mostly appears in written or academic contexts.

象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)

“儒”字为形声字，左边“亻”表示与人有关，右边“需”作声旁，同时“需”本身有等待雨水的含义，暗示儒者需耐心、持重和等待时机。整个字形体现了儒者需有度、有教化之意。'儒' is a phono-semantic compound: the '亻' (person radical) suggests its meaning relates to people; '需' serves as the phonetic component and evokes the idea of waiting, patience, and composure, implying the virtuous and cultivated qualities required of a Confucian scholar.

文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)

文言文中，“儒”常指受业习礼、讲究品德的学者，或专门教授礼仪和典籍的人。与现代意义相近，强调道德与学问兼备。'Ru' in Classical Chinese often referred to scholars proficient in rituals and ethics, or teachers of classics and rites. Similar to modern meaning, with emphasis on both morality and learning.

深入学习 (In-depth Study)

字源故事 (Origin Story)

“儒”字会意兼形声，从“人”，表示与人有关，右边“需”作声旁。最早用来指古代担任教化、祭祀等职能的学者。后来“儒”专指儒家学派及其信徒，含有有学问、有道德的知识分子的意思。'儒' is a phono-semantic compound character: the left part '人' (person) hints at its connection to people, while the right part '需' suggests pronunciation. Originally, '儒' referred to ancient scholars tasked with education and rituals. Later, it became specific to followers of Confucianism, indicating learned and virtuous intellectuals.

字形演变 (Character Evolution)

甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):

甲骨文中未见“儒”字的明确记载，相关含义可能以其他字形表示。 There is no clear recorded form of '儒' in Oracle Bone Script; its meaning may have been expressed by other characters.

金文 (Bronze Inscription):

金文中出现了“儒”字的雏形，左为“人”，右为“需”，结构相对简单，表示祭祀和教化人士。 The prototype of '儒' appeared in Bronze Inscriptions, with '人' on the left and '需' on the right—representing ritualists or scholars involved in rituals and education.

小篆 (Small Seal Script):

小篆中“儒”结构更加规范，左侧为“人”，右侧为“需”，字形修长、线条流畅。 In Small Seal Script, '儒' became more standardized: '人' on the left and '需' on the right, with elongated, elegant lines.

隶书 (Clerical Script):

隶书时代“儒”字形变得更加扁平、笔画分明，结构清晰为现代楷书的基础。 In Clerical Script, '儒' became flatter, strokes more distinct, and structure clearer—forming the basis for modern Regular Script.

楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):

楷书中“儒”字笔画端正、结构方正，左右分明，广泛应用于现今汉字书写。 In modern Regular Script, strokes are precise, the structure is square and balanced, and the left and right parts are clearly distinguished. This is the standard form in current Chinese writing.

常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)

儒家 (Confucianism; school of Confucius)

rú jiā

儒家思想对中国历史有深远影响。

Pinyin: Rújiā sīxiǎng duì Zhōngguó lìshǐ yǒu shēnyuǎn yǐngxiǎng.

Eng: Confucian thought has had a profound influence on Chinese history.

儒雅 (refined and scholarly; elegant)

rú yǎ

他举止十分儒雅。

Pinyin: Tā jǔzhǐ shífēn rúyǎ.

Eng: His manners are very refined and scholarly.

大儒 (great scholar; leading Confucian scholar)

dà rú

孔子被尊为千古大儒。

Pinyin: Kǒngzǐ bèi zūn wéi qiān gǔ dà rú.

Eng: Confucius is revered as a great scholar through the ages.

多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))

French: lettré; confucianiste
German: Gelehrter; Konfuzianer
Spanish: erudito; confuciano
Italian: studioso; confuciano
Portuguese: erudito; confucionista
Russian: учёный; конфуцианец
Arabic: المتعلم؛ الكونفوشي
Persian: دانشمند؛ کنفوسیوسی
Dutch: geleerde; confuciaans geleerde
Polish: uczony; konfucjanista
Vietnamese: nhà nho; học giả Nho giáo
Ukrainian: вчений; конфуціанець

视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)

通过以下链接在热门视频网站搜索 "儒" 的更多讲解：

Search for more explanations of "儒" on popular video sites:

在 Bilibili.com 搜索 "儒字源说文解字儒家" (Search on Bilibili)
在 YouTube.com 搜索 "儒 character origin Confucian etymology" (Search on YouTube)

网络参考 (Web References for "儒") ()

网络内容摘要 (Web Content Summary):

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1. 核心含义与字源文化： 1. Core meaning & etymology/cultural background:

“儒”字的核心含义为“有学问、有道德的读书人”，通常指古代的儒士（Confucian scholars），也是“儒家”思想的代表字。 The core meaning of "儒" is a learned and virtuous scholar, commonly referring to Confucian scholars in ancient China. It is also the representative character for "Confucianism."
在甲骨文中，“儒”字由“大”字和分布在两侧的点组成，象征人在群体中的重要地位，或有学问者的形象。 In oracle bone script, "儒" is composed of the character "大" (meaning "person" or "great") and several dots on both sides, symbolizing a learned individual’s significance in society.
该字与中国文化中的“读书人”形象紧密相关，常代表儒雅、学识渊博、道德高尚的人。 The character is closely linked with the cultural image of a scholar, representing refinement, broad knowledge, and high morals.

2. 相关用法与常用词： 2. Related usage and common phrases:

“儒”常用于描述与学问、儒家思想或文人有关的人或事，如：儒馆（文臣住处）、儒冠（儒生帽）、儒服（儒者服饰）、儒官（负责学务的官员）。 "儒" is frequently used in words connected with scholars or Confucianism, such as 儒馆 (residence of scholars/officials), 儒冠 (scholar’s hat), 儒服 (Confucian attire), and 儒官 (officer in charge of education).
常见成语与词组有：儒修（才德兼备的儒士）、儒俊（才智出众的儒者）。 Common expressions or phrases include: 儒修 (talented Confucian scholar), 儒俊 (outstandingly intelligent scholar).

提示：“儒”主要用于正式、学术或历史语境，与“书生”、“文人”有一定区别，注意与其它有关“学者”或“学派”的字词区别使用。 Note: "儒" is mainly used in formal, academic, or historical contexts, and is distinct from general terms for "scholar" or "literati."

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用甲骨文和《易经》追溯"儒"的起源和真义（一） - 知乎

但是，却错误地理解和解释了甲骨文"儒"的字源及其内涵。儒的甲骨文字形由两部分组成，主体结构是"大"，然后是分布在大两侧的四点。有些字例中的点数不是四，这无关紧要。要正确理解儒的字源的内涵，就需要正确理解"大"，以及两侧的四点。

儒的解释|儒的意思|汉典"儒"字的基本解释 - 漢典

又如:儒馆(文臣的居处);儒巾(古代读书人所戴的一种头巾);儒户(读书人的户籍);儒冠(古代儒生带的帽子);儒俊(才智出众的儒士);儒修(才能出众的儒士);儒服(儒衣，古代儒者的服饰);儒官(古代掌管学务的官员或官学教师)

儒