基本信息 (Basic Information)

含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)

中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 失去原有作用、效用或不再被使用的人或物,作废,废弃。

英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): to abolish, discard, abandon; useless, waste; to become invalid.

“废”在现代汉语中常用作动词,表示废弃、丢弃,如“废除法律”、“废料”,也可作形容词,指无用的、失效的,如“废人”。此外,还用作名词,如指“废物”、废弃物。 In modern Chinese, '废' is mainly used as a verb meaning to abolish or discard (e.g., '废除法律'—abolish a law). It can also be an adjective, meaning 'useless' or 'invalid' (e.g., '废人'—a useless person), or a noun referring to 'waste' or 'scrap'.

象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)

“废”是会意兼形声字,左边的“广”表示建筑或房屋,右边的“发”为声符,同时暗含施行、发放的意思。合起来有“将某物舍弃不用”的含义。'废' is a compound character, partly pictographic and partly phonetic. '广' on the left indicates shelter/building, '发' on the right is the phonetic component and subtly points to the meaning of 'to send out or implement.' Combined, they convey the sense of abandoning or ceasing usage.

文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)

与现代意义相近,常指废除、废止、丢弃。Similar to modern meaning: often refers to abolishing, discarding, or ceasing something.

深入学习 (In-depth Study)

字源故事 (Origin Story)

“废”字最初的形声字形,在古代指割掉草木而不用,后引申为废弃、失效的意思。左边的“广”表示与建筑物、遮蔽有关,右边的“发”为声符,结合后表达“舍弃不用”,逐渐演变为现在的意义。The character '废' was originally a phono-semantic compound. In ancient times, it indicated cutting down plants and leaving them unused, thus evolving to mean abandon or invalid. The component '广' relates to buildings or shelter, and '发' is a sound component. Together, they express the idea of leaving something unused, developing into the current meanings.

字形演变 (Character Evolution)

甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):
甲骨文中没有直接“废”的字形,但表达“废弃”含义多用与“去”或相关字形。 There is no direct form of '废' in Oracle Bone Script; the meaning of abandonment was often expressed with '去' (to go/remove) or similar characters.
金文 (Bronze Inscription):
金文中“废”字结构较简单,包含广和发的雏形,传递“舍弃不用”的意义。 In Bronze Inscriptions, '废' has a simple structure, including early forms of '广' and '发', conveying the meaning of abandoning or not using.
小篆 (Small Seal Script):
小篆中的“废”字形较为规范,左部为“广”,右部为“发”,造型修长,结构清晰。 In Small Seal Script, the character '废' becomes more standardized, with '广' on the left and '发' on the right, in a slender and clear structure.
隶书 (Clerical Script):
隶书时期“废”的写法更加方正,笔画分明,基本定型,接近现代写法。 '废' in Clerical Script is more squared with distinct strokes, essentially forming the foundation of the modern character.
楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):
现代楷书中“废”字左侧为“广”,右侧为“发”,结构紧凑,字形端正,沿用至今。 In modern Regular Script, '废' consists of '广' on the left and '发' on the right, with a neat and compact structure—used as the current standard form.

常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)

废弃 (to abandon; to discard)

fèiqì

这座工厂已经被废弃多年。

Pinyin: Zhè zuò gōngchǎng yǐjīng bèi fèiqì duō nián.

Eng: This factory has been abandoned for many years.

废除 (to abolish; to annul)

fèichú

那个陈旧的规定已经被废除了。

Pinyin: Nàgè chénjiù de guīdìng yǐjīng bèi fèichú le.

Eng: That outdated regulation has already been abolished.

废物 (waste; useless thing or person)

fèiwù

请把这些废物分类回收。

Pinyin: Qǐng bǎ zhèxiē fèiwù fēnlèi huíshōu.

Eng: Please sort and recycle this waste.

相关成语 (Related Idioms)

因噎废食 yīn yē fèi shí

Meaning: to quit eating for fear of choking (i.e., to give up something essential because of a minor setback)

相传有人吃饭时被噎住,于是就下决心再也不吃饭。比喻由于小的挫折或问题就放弃根本的事物。 It is said that someone once choked while eating and decided never to eat again. This idiom illustrates giving up something fundamental because of a minor setback.

多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))

  • French: abolir, gaspiller, inutile
  • German: abschaffen, nutzlos, Abfall
  • Spanish: abolir, desperdicio, inútil
  • Italian: abolire, scarto, inutile
  • Portuguese: abolir, inútil, lixo
  • Russian: отменять, бесполезный, отходы
  • Arabic: يلغي، مهمل، نفايات
  • Persian: لغو کردن، بیهوده، پسماند
  • Dutch: afschaffen, nutteloos, afval
  • Polish: znieść, bezużyteczny, odpad
  • Vietnamese: bãi bỏ, bỏ đi, vô dụng
  • Ukrainian: скасовувати, марний, відходи

视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)

网络参考 (Web References for "废") ()

网络内容摘要 (Web Content Summary):

核心含义:“废”字的基本含义是“停止、终止”或指“破坏、毁坏”,如废弃、废止。 Core meaning: The character "废" mainly means "to stop, to abolish" or "to ruin/destroy," as in words like 废弃 (abandon) or 废止 (abolish).

字形起源:“废”在甲骨文中原本是表示“房屋倒塌”的象形字,后引申为废弃、不再使用。 Pictographic origin: In oracle bone script, "废" originally depicted "a house collapsing," and its meaning later extended to "abandon/disuse."

  • 常见用法与相关词语:
    常与“弃”搭配,如“废弃”(abandon/discard),还有“废话”(nonsense)、“废除”(abolish)。
    Common usages and words:
    Often used with “弃” as in “废弃” (to discard), or in “废话” (nonsense), and “废除” (to abolish).
  • 易混淆点:“废”有“停止”与“毁坏”两个意思,需根据语境判断。 Easily confused aspects: "废" can mean either "to stop/terminate" or "to destroy," so check the context.
  • 成语:和“废”相关的成语如“因循守旧,不思进取”,但直接带“废”的常用成语较少。 Idioms: There are few common idioms directly containing “废.”

总结:“废”字的演变和用法体现了由物理毁坏到抽象“中止、弃用”的意义发展,学习时注意它多重含义和语境。 Summary: The evolution of "废" shows a shift from representing physical destruction to abstract ideas of abolishment or disuse. Pay attention to its different meanings and context when learning.

(注:相关信息有限,缺乏丰富文化背景和常见成语实例。) (Note: There is limited information; detailed cultural background and famous idioms with "废" are scarce.)

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