伤

Pinyin: shāng | Core Meaning: to injure; to wound; injury; to hurt (physically or emotionally)

基本信息 (Basic Information)

含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)

中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 受损；损害；痛苦；使受痛苦或损害。

英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): to injure; to wound; injury; to hurt (physically or emotionally)

“伤”常作为动词，表示受到物理伤害或心理创伤，也可作形容词表示有损伤的状态。常用于“受伤”、“伤心”等词组中，既可以指人的身体受伤，也可指内心或精神上的痛苦。 “伤” is mainly used as a verb meaning to be hurt or injured, and can also function as an adjective to describe something damaged. It is widely used in phrases like “受伤” (to be injured) or “伤心” (heartbroken), and can refer to both physical injury and emotional pain.

象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)

“伤”字左边是“亻”，表示人，右边的“殇”本义涉及早夭，用作声旁也带意为痛苦。整体可以理解为人受到损害、痛苦的状态，因此构成“伤”。The left part '亻' represents 'person', while the right component '殇' originally related to dying young and also serves as the phonetic element, carrying a sense of suffering. Together, the character means a person in a state of injury or pain, thus forming '伤'.

文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)

与现代意义相近，主要指受伤或损害，也引申为身心痛苦。Similar to modern meaning, mainly referring to being injured or harmed, also extended to emotional pain.

深入学习 (In-depth Study)

字源故事 (Origin Story)

“伤”字最早由“人”和“羊”组成，表示人与羊相关。据说古时战争时士兵常背着羊皮以护身，“伤”便有了身体受损之意。后来字形演变，用“伤”表达受损害、受痛苦之义。The character '伤' was originally composed of '人' (person) and '羊' (sheep), indicating a relationship between people and sheep. In ancient times, soldiers often wore sheepskin for protection in battles, leading the character to take on the meaning of being injured. Over time, the form evolved to specifically denote physical harm or emotional pain.

字形演变 (Character Evolution)

甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):
甲骨文中“伤”常以“人”与“羊”组合，形体模糊，但可看出为象形结构，强调人与相关物之间的受损关系。 In Oracle Bone script, '伤' often combines the shapes of 'person' and 'sheep', in a somewhat indistinct pictographic form, highlighting the relationship between humans and the object as associated with injury.
金文 (Bronze Inscription):
金文中的“伤”结构更加清晰，‘人’和‘羊’的部分逐渐规范化，便于书写和辨识。 In Bronze Inscriptions, the structure of '伤' became more standardized, with clearer representations of the 'person' and 'sheep' components, making it easier to write and recognize.
小篆 (Small Seal Script):
小篆中“伤”的字形整齐，线条流畅，仍可辨出其组成部分，并向后来的楷书转变。 In Small Seal Script, the form of '伤' is neat with flowing lines; its components are still recognizable and it starts to resemble later script forms.
隶书 (Clerical Script):
隶书中的“伤”笔画变宽，结构更加简化并适应横行书写，形体更平稳。 In Clerical Script, the strokes of '伤' became broader and more simplified, adapted for horizontal writing, resulting in a more stable appearance.
楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):
现代楷书中，“伤”笔画分明，结构规范，是现今普遍使用的字形。 In modern Regular Script, '伤' has clear and distinct strokes with a standardized structure. This is the prevalent form used today.

常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)

受伤 (to be injured; to sustain an injury)

shòu shāng

他在比赛中受伤了。

Pinyin: Tā zài bǐsài zhōng shòu shāng le.

Eng: He was injured during the match.

伤心 (sad; heartbroken)

shāng xīn

听到这个消息，她很伤心。

Pinyin: Tīngdào zhège xiāoxi, tā hěn shāngxīn.

Eng: She was very sad when she heard the news.

创伤 (trauma; wound (physical or psychological))

chuāng shāng

事故给他留下了心理创伤。

Pinyin: Shìgù gěi tā liú xià le xīnlǐ chuāngshāng.

Eng: The accident left him with psychological trauma.

相关成语 (Related Idioms)

以德报怨，不念旧伤 yǐ dé bào yuàn, bù niàn jiù shāng

Meaning: Repay grievances with virtue, do not dwell on old wounds

这个成语形容用善意对待曾经伤害过自己的人，不再计较过去的伤痛，提倡宽容和大度。 This idiom describes treating those who have hurt oneself kindly, without holding on to past pain, thus encouraging forgiveness and generosity.

多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))

  • French: blesser, blessure
  • German: verletzen, Verletzung
  • Spanish: herir, herida
  • Italian: ferire, ferita
  • Portuguese: ferir, ferimento
  • Russian: ранить, рана
  • Arabic: يجرح، إصابة
  • Persian: زخم، آسیب دیدن
  • Dutch: verwonden, wond
  • Polish: zranić, rana
  • Vietnamese: làm bị thương, vết thương
  • Ukrainian: поранити, рана

视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)

通过以下链接在热门视频网站搜索 "伤" 的更多讲解：

Search for more explanations of "伤" on popular video sites:

网络参考 (Web References for "伤") ()

网络内容摘要 (Web Content Summary):

“伤”字的核心含义：“伤”主要指身体或心理的损害、受害。例如，受伤（be injured）、伤心（sad, heartbroken）。Core meaning of "伤": "伤" mainly means physical or emotional injury or harm, such as 受伤 (to be injured), 伤心 (to be sad or heartbroken).

象形起源/结构：“伤”的简体字左边为“亻”（表示人），右边原为“傷”的“殇”，包含“曰”（口，代叫声）、“月”（表示肉体）。意为“人受到口叫或肉体的打击”，反映了受伤的本义。Pictographic origin/structure: The left side is “亻” (person), and the traditional right side originally implied speaking/yelling (曰) and flesh/body (月), symbolizing a person suffering physically or calling out in pain, capturing the meaning of being injured.

  • 常用词语：常见如“受伤”（be injured）、“伤害”（harm）、“伤心”（sad/heartbroken）。Common words: Examples include 受伤 (to be injured), 伤害 (to harm), 伤心 (heartbroken/sad).

  • 成语示例：如“自寻烦恼，伤天害理”（hurt nature and reason），但与“伤”相关的成语较少见。Idioms: Not many common idioms are centered on "伤", but it appears in phrases like 伤天害理 (doing cruel/perverse things).

  • 易混淆点：“伤”与“殇”字形、含义容易混淆。前者指普通损伤，后者专指早亡。Confusion tip: "伤" and "殇" look similar but differ in meaning: "伤" is general injury, while "殇" refers specifically to early death.

文化贴士：“伤”既可用于身体上的受伤，也常用于情感、精神上的“伤害”（如“伤心”）。Cultural tip: "伤" is widely used both for physical wounds and emotional/psychological harm, e.g., "伤心" (heartbroken).

（注：甲骨文等更详细的字形解释未完全收录，需查阅专业工具书获得更多信息。）(Note: A more detailed oracle bone script/pictographic analysis requires consulting specialized dictionaries.)

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