沟

Pinyin: gōu | Core Meaning: ditch, trench, channel; a long narrow passage in the ground for draining or conveying water.

基本信息 (Basic Information)

含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)

中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 水沟、沟渠，指地面上为排水或引水而挖成的细长通道。

英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): ditch, trench, channel; a long narrow passage in the ground for draining or conveying water.

“沟”常用来表示人工或天然形成的小型水道，也可引申为隔阂、联系（如“沟通”）。在现代汉语常与“渠道”、“河”、“沟通”等词搭配。 '沟' commonly refers to man-made or natural small ditches or water channels. It can also be extended to mean gaps or connections (as in the word '沟通', to communicate/connect). Often used with words such as 'channel', 'river', or in collocations as '沟通'.

象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)

“沟”由“氵”(三点水，表示水流)和“勾”(本义为钩子或弯曲的东西)组成，合起来象征水流弯曲成沟渠，整体表示与水有关的曲折通道。'沟' is made up of the water radical ('氵'), symbolizing flowing water, and '勾', originally meaning hook or something curved, together suggesting a winding channel for water. The overall character thus represents a water-related curved trench or ditch.

文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)

文言文中“沟”多指水沟、沟渠等，义与现代相近。In Classical Chinese, '沟' mostly referred to water ditches or channels, which is similar to the modern meaning.

深入学习 (In-depth Study)

字源故事 (Origin Story)

“沟”字本义为水渠，早期字形描绘了流动水的形状，两旁如同堤岸。后来逐渐形成了“水”旁，表示与水有关。The original meaning of '沟' is water channel. The earliest forms of the character depicted the shape of flowing water, with lines suggesting embankments on either side. Later, the water radical ('氵') was added to emphasize its connection to water.

字形演变 (Character Evolution)

甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):
甲骨文中尚未出现“沟”字本形，但通常用表示流水与堤岸的符号组合来表达类似含义。 In Oracle Bone Script, the exact form of '沟' is not attested, but combinations of symbols representing flowing water and banks were used to convey a similar meaning.
金文 (Bronze Inscription):
金文中出现了类似“沟”的字形，结构为曲线表示流水，两边加边框象征两岸，比甲骨文更具体。 In Bronze Inscriptions, forms similar to '沟' emerged, structured with curved lines for flowing water and borders on the sides representing banks, making it more concrete than in Oracle Bone Script.
小篆 (Small Seal Script):
小篆中“沟”字左侧为“水”旁，右侧为“勾”，表示与水有关的勾或渠，结构变得规范美观。 In Small Seal Script, '沟' features the water radical on the left and '勾' on the right, indicating a channel associated with water. The structure becomes regular and aesthetically pleasing.
隶书 (Clerical Script):
隶书中“沟”字笔画变得更加平直，结构较为宽展，呈现出现代汉字的雏形。 In Clerical Script, the strokes of '沟' become straighter and more open, showing the beginnings of the modern character form.
楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):
现代楷书中，“沟”左为三点水，右为“勾”，书写工整清晰，是通用标准体。 In modern Regular Script, '沟' has the 'three-dots water' component on the left and '勾' on the right. The writing is neat and clear, representing the standard form.

常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)

水沟 (drainage ditch, water channel)

shuǐgōu

下雨后，水沟里积满了水。

Pinyin: Xià yǔ hòu, shuǐgōu lǐ jī mǎn le shuǐ.

Eng: After it rained, the water ditch was full of water.

沟通 (communicate; communication)

gōutōng

有效的沟通有助于解决问题。

Pinyin: Yǒuxiào de gōutōng yǒu zhù yú jiějué wèntí.

Eng: Effective communication helps to solve problems.

排水沟 (drainage ditch)

páishuǐgōu

工人们正在清理排水沟。

Pinyin: Gōngrén men zhèngzài qīnglǐ páishuǐgōu.

Eng: The workers are cleaning the drainage ditch.

相关成语 (Related Idioms)

相关成语信息待补充。Related idiom information pending.

多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))

  • French: fossé, canal
  • German: Graben, Kanal
  • Spanish: zanja, canal
  • Italian: fossato, canale
  • Portuguese: vala, canal
  • Russian: канава, ров
  • Arabic: خندق، قناة صغيرة
  • Persian: کانال، جوی
  • Dutch: sloot, geul
  • Polish: rów, kanał
  • Vietnamese: mương, rãnh
  • Ukrainian: канава, рів

视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)

通过以下链接在热门视频网站搜索 "沟" 的更多讲解：

Search for more explanations of "沟" on popular video sites:

网络参考 (Web References for "沟") ()

网络内容摘要 (Web Content Summary):

```html

沟是一个形声兼会意字，核心含义是“地面凹下去可通水的地方”，即“沟渠”（ditch, trench）。常指用于排水或引水的人工小道。 Gōu is a phono-semantic compound character, mainly meaning "a ditch or trench" (a sunken area of land for water flow), often referring to small man-made channels for drainage or irrigation.

  • 字形起源：“沟”最早见于战国文字和篆书，左边“氵”（水字旁）表明与水相关，右边“冓”作声旁，同时表示水流纵横的样子。 Origin: The character "沟" dates back to the Warring States period. The "氵" radical means water, and the right-side component "冓" serves as both a phonetic indicator and a symbol for crisscrossing channels.
  • 常用相关词语包括：水沟（water ditch）、排水沟（drainage ditch）、沟通（communicate/communication，原意指通畅地开沟）、沟壑（ravine, ditch and gully）。 Common collocations: 水沟 (shuǐgōu: water ditch), 排水沟 (páishuǐgōu: drainage ditch), 沟通 (gōutōng: communicate, originally meant "to open channels"), 沟壑 (gōuhè: ravine or gully).
  • 易混淆：注意 “沟” 与“沟通”中的“沟”不仅指水沟，还引申为“交流、联系”。 Note: In the phrase "沟通" (communication), the meaning of "沟" extends beyond water channels, metaphorically referring to making connections or communicating.
  • 该字在现代简化字中写作“沟”，繁体为“溝”。 In Modern Standard Chinese, the simplified form is "沟", and the traditional form is "溝".
```

沟 字源 字形演变 甲骨文 金文 说文小篆 - 百答知识

沟为冓的后起分化字。冓，甲骨文、金文之字形或谓像木材交积的架构，或谓像遘遇之形，为指事字。沟，战国文字、篆文之字形皆系从水、冓声。从水，表示与水相关；冓声，表示音读，也表示沟洫之纵横。隶变作 、楷定作沟。在六书中属于形声兼会意。

沟字形演变字源_汉字「沟」_沟的甲骨文_沟的金文_金文编_甲骨文编

冓，甲骨文、金文之字形或謂像木材交積的架構，或謂像遘遇之形，為指事字。溝，戰國文字、篆文之字形皆係從水、冓聲。從水，表示與水相關；冓聲，表示音讀，也表示溝洫之縱橫。隸變作 、楷定作溝。在六書中屬於形聲兼會意。規範字作「沟」。

更多图片 (沟 More Images) ()

沟 - 更多图片 (More Images) (modelslab_artistic_v2)