酗

Pinyin: xù | Core Meaning: To drink excessively, usually referring to immoderate or uncontrolled drinking (often alcohol abuse).

基本信息 (Basic Information)

含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)

中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 无节制地饮酒，常指酗酒，即过度、放纵地喝酒。

英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): To drink excessively, usually referring to immoderate or uncontrolled drinking (often alcohol abuse).

“酗”多用于“酗酒”等词，单独使用时主要指行为过度、失去节制地饮酒，含有贬义。现代汉语中较少单独用作动词，多与“酒”连用。 ‘酗’ is most commonly used in the word '酗酒' meaning 'to drink excessively' or 'alcohol abuse'. By itself, '酗' refers to unrestrained, excessive drinking, typically with a negative connotation. Rarely used alone as a verb in modern Chinese.

象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)

“酗”左侧“酉”表明与酒有关，右侧“虚”本为声旁，同时有放纵、空泛之意，意指饮酒毫无节制，空虚放纵自身欲望。The left component '酉' signifies alcohol, while the right component '虚' is phonetic and also suggests wantonness or emptiness. The whole character describes a lack of restraint in drinking—indulgence in alcohol without control.

文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)

与现代意义相近，指放纵饮酒、暴饮。Similar to modern meaning—referring to excessive or unrestrained drinking.

深入学习 (In-depth Study)

字源故事 (Origin Story)

“酗”字左边为“酉”，代表酒，与酒有关。右边的“虚”本作声旁，但‘虚’有空、放纵之意，合起来即指没有节制地饮酒。早期文献中多用以形容饮酒过量的行为。The left part of ‘酗’ is ‘酉’, indicating a relation to alcohol. The right part ‘虚’ serves as a phonetic component but also implies emptiness or wantonness. Combined, they refer to unrestrained drinking. In early literature, it was used to describe excessive drinking.

字形演变 (Character Evolution)

甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):
甲骨文中未发现“酗”字的写法。‘酗’为后起字。 The character '酗' was not found in Oracle Bone Script; it appeared in later eras.
金文 (Bronze Inscription):
金文中同样未见“酗”字，‘酉’和‘虚’作为部件已独立存在。 '酗' did not appear in Bronze Inscriptions either, though '酉' and '虚' components existed separately.
小篆 (Small Seal Script):
小篆中“酗”字的结构已与现代相近，左为“酉”，右为“虚”，整体为左右结构。 In Small Seal Script, the character '酗' took a form close to the modern structure, with '酉' on the left and '虚' on the right in a left-right arrangement.
隶书 (Clerical Script):
隶书中“酗”字结构更加方正，笔画转折明显，部件分明。 In Clerical Script, the form of '酗' became more rectangular and regular, with distinct components and clear strokes.
楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):
现代楷书中“酗”字与小篆、隶书基本一致，书写规范，易于识别。 In modern Regular Script, '酗' is written in a standardized way similar to earlier forms, easily recognizable.

常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)

酗酒 (to drink excessively; heavy drinking; alcohol abuse)

xù jiǔ

他的父亲因为酗酒而影响了家庭生活。

Pinyin: Tā de fùqin yīnwèi xùjiǔ ér yǐngxiǎngle jiātíng shēnghuó.

Eng: His father's excessive drinking affected their family life.

酗闹 (to behave disruptively or violently while drunk)

xù nào

在酒吧酗闹是非常不受欢迎的行为。

Pinyin: Zài jiǔbā xù nào shì fēicháng bù shòu huānyíng de xíngwéi.

Eng: Behaving disruptively while drunk is very unwelcome in the bar.

相关成语 (Related Idioms)

相关成语信息待补充。Related idiom information pending.

多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))

  • French: boire avec excès ; s’enivrer
  • German: übermäßig trinken; Alkoholmissbrauch
  • Spanish: beber en exceso; abuso de alcohol
  • Italian: bere eccessivamente; abuso di alcol
  • Portuguese: beber em excesso; abuso de álcool
  • Russian: злоупотреблять алкоголем; пьянствовать
  • Arabic: يشرب بإسراف؛ إدمان الكحول
  • Persian: زیاده‌روی در نوشیدن؛ سوء مصرف الکل
  • Dutch: overmatig drinken; alcoholmisbruik
  • Polish: nadmiernie pić; nadużywanie alkoholu
  • Vietnamese: uống quá nhiều; lạm dụng rượu
  • Ukrainian: зловживати алкоголем; надмірне вживання спиртного

视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)

通过以下链接在热门视频网站搜索 "酗" 的更多讲解：

Search for more explanations of "酗" on popular video sites:

网络参考 (Web References for "酗") ()

网络内容摘要 (Web Content Summary):

“酗” 的核心含义是无节制地饮酒，尤指酒后行为粗暴或闹事。 "酗" mainly means to drink excessively, especially behaving violently or unruly after drinking.

“酗”常用于描述酗酒（无节制饮酒）等负面现象，在古文中多指放纵或因饮酒而闹事。例如《三国志》提及“酗淫自恣”，意为沉迷酒色，放纵自我。 The character is often used in the context of excessive drinking ("酗酒") and negative behaviors related to it. In classical Chinese, it can imply indulgence in alcohol and disorder. For example, in Records of the Three Kingdoms, it refers to being addicted to drinking and vice.

  • 象形起源：“酗” 左边是“酉”（与酒有关），右边是“虚”的简化，整体表意与酒相关。部分甲骨文研究表明与古代饮酒文化相关，但具体象形未广泛流传。 Pictographic origin: The left part "酉" relates to alcohol, and the right suggests "虚" (emptiness or excess), together indicating excessive drinking behavior. Oracle bone script studies connect it to ancient drinking culture, though detailed pictographic explanations are rare.
  • 常见搭配：酗酒（alcoholism/binge drinking）、酗讼（因酗酒而争吵）、酗杀/酗戕（酗酒后起杀意）。 Common phrases: 酗酒 (to drink excessively, alcoholism), 酗讼 (quarreling due to drunkenness), 酗杀/酗戕 (murder caused by drunkenness).
  • 易混淆点：“酗”专指酒后失控闹事，与单纯的“饮酒”或“喝酒”不同，含有负面含义。 Confusion note: "酗" specifically refers to unruly behavior after drinking, not just ordinary "drinking"; it often implies a negative meaning.

成语或固定搭配： “酗酒成性”（habitual excessive drinking）。 Set phrases: "酗酒成性" (to be addicted to excessive drinking).

补充说明： 提取内容中关于甲骨文象形本义的信息较为有限，并未详细释义，如需深入可查阅专著。 Note: The extracted information offers limited details about the pictographic origin from oracle bone script; further study from specialized books is recommended for deeper understanding.

酗的解释|酗的意思|汉典"酗"字的基本解释 - 漢典

酗淫自恣，前后告喻，曾无悛改。—— 《三国志》 又如:酗戕(酒后杀人);酗讼(因酗酒而争讼);酗淫(酗酒淫乐) (3) 撒酒疯 [be roaring drunk] 弟 弼 ，好酒而酗。—— 《北史·牛弘传》 素酗于酒，戚党多畏避之。—— 《聊斋志异》 又如:酗讼(因酗酒而起争讼) 常用词组

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