基本信息 (Basic Information)
含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)
中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 还没有，实现之前，未来；十二地支中的第八位。
英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): not yet, before completion, future; the eighth Earthly Branch in the Chinese zodiac.
“未”常用于否定，表示动作或事情还没有发生，如“未完成”、“未来”。在口语和书面语中使用广泛，也出现在时间表达和日期中，例如“未时”（13:00-15:00）。
‘未’ is often used in negation to indicate something has not yet happened, such as in ‘未完成’ (not finished), ‘未来’ (future). It is widely used in both spoken and written Chinese, and also appears in expressions of time and dates, such as ‘未时’ (1-3 pm).
象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)
“未”字的本义是尚未成熟的树。上部多一横，表示树的枝叶还没有完全长成，与“末”区分（“末”在枝头更高，意为顶端）。The original meaning of ‘未’ is a tree that has not yet matured. The extra horizontal stroke at the top indicates branches/leaves not fully grown, distinguishing it from ‘末’ (which has the top stroke higher up, indicating the tree's tip).
文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)
与现代意义相近，主要表示“还没有”或“未曾”。也常用作地支名（如未时、属羊）。Similar to modern meaning, mainly ‘not yet’ or ‘haven’t’. Also commonly used as the name of one of the Earthly Branches (e.g., ‘未时’, associated with the Goat in the zodiac).
深入学习 (In-depth Study)
字源故事 (Origin Story)
“未”字最早见于甲骨文，字形像一棵树，上方枝叶尚未长满，表达“还未成熟”之意，后来引申为“还没发生”或“未来”。The character ‘未’ first appeared in oracle bone script. Its form resembles a tree whose branches at the top haven’t fully developed, signifying something ‘not yet mature.’ It was later extended to mean ‘not yet happened’ or ‘the future’.
字形演变 (Character Evolution)
甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):
甲骨文中的“未”形如一棵树，强调顶部的枝叶稀疏，突出了“尚未长成”的含义。
In oracle bone script, ‘未’ looks like a tree, emphasizing sparse branches/leaves at the top to highlight the idea of ‘not yet grown/matured’.
金文 (Bronze Inscription):
金文中的“未”保留了树的形象，线条更流畅，顶部的枝条稍微发散，结构更圆润。
In bronze inscription, ‘未’ maintains the image of a tree with smoother lines; the upper branches are a bit more spread out and the structure is rounder.
小篆 (Small Seal Script):
小篆中的“未”字形变得更加规范，枝干伸展，整体造型修长，对称。
In small seal script, ‘未’ becomes more standardized; its trunk and branches are elongated and symmetrical.
隶书 (Clerical Script):
隶书中“未”笔画更扁平、线条横长，逐渐接近现代汉字的形态。
In clerical script, ‘未’ has more flattened, elongated strokes, gradually transitioning toward the form seen in modern Chinese characters.
楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):
现代楷书中“未”上下结构分明，上部两横，下部为“木”，结构规范。
In modern regular script, ‘未’ has a clear upper and lower structure; two horizontal lines at the top and the ‘木’ (tree) structure at the bottom, with standardized strokes.
常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)
未完成 (not completed, unfinished)
这项任务还未完成。
Eng: This task is not yet completed.
未来 (future)
我们要为未来做好准备。
Eng: We must get ready for the future.
未必 (not necessarily)
他未必知道这件事。
Eng: He does not necessarily know about this matter.
相关成语 (Related Idioms)
未雨绸缪
Meaning: take precautions before it rains; to plan ahead
“未雨绸缪”字面意思是在还没下雨之前把房屋缝补好。比喻事先做好准备，防止问题发生。源出《诗经·豳风·鸱鸮》。
‘未雨绸缪’ literally means to mend the house before it rains. It is a metaphor for making preparations before problems arise. The idiom originates from the Book of Songs (Shijing: Bin Feng: Chixiao).
多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))
- French: pas encore, avenir, huitième Branche Terrestre (chin.)
- German: noch nicht, Zukunft, achte Erdzweig (chin.)
- Spanish: aún no, futuro, octavo Ramo Terrestre (chin.)
- Italian: non ancora, futuro, ottavo ramo terrestre (cinese)
- Portuguese: ainda não, futuro, oitavo ramo terrestre (chinês)
- Russian: ещё нет, будущее, восьмая земная ветвь (кит.)
- Arabic: لم يحدث بعد، المستقبل، الفرع الأرضي الثامن (صيني)
- Persian: هنوز نه، آینده، شاخه هشتم زمینی (چینی)
- Dutch: nog niet, toekomst, achtste aardtak (Chinees)
- Polish: jeszcze nie, przyszłość, ósmy konar ziemski (chiński)
- Vietnamese: chưa, tương lai, chi địa thứ tám (Trung Quốc)
- Ukrainian: ще не, майбутнє, восьма земна гілка (кит.)
视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)
通过以下链接在热门视频网站搜索 "未" 的更多讲解：
Search for more explanations of "未" on popular video sites:
- 在 Bilibili.com 搜索 "未 字源 说文解字" (Search on Bilibili)
- 在 YouTube.com 搜索 "未 character origin etymology" (Search on YouTube)
网络参考 (Web References for "未") ()
网络搜索信息待获取。Web search information pending.
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