施

Pinyin: shī | Core Meaning: to carry out, to apply, to bestow, to grant, to give.

基本信息 (Basic Information)

含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)

中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 实行，施加，分发，给予。

英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): to carry out, to apply, to bestow, to grant, to give.

“施”常用作动词，表示实行、施加（如施肥、施压）、分发（如施舍）。常和“措施”“施加”“实施”等词组搭配。在现代汉语中，也可作姓氏。 In modern Chinese, '施' is commonly used as a verb meaning to implement, apply, or bestow (e.g., in words like '施肥' [apply fertilizer], '施加' [apply/exert], '施舍' [give alms]). It also appears as a surname.

象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)

“施”字是会意兼形声字，上部“方”表示方向或地方，下部“也”为声符。整体表示到各个方向去实现或执行，因此有“施行、分发”等含义。'施' is an ideogrammic and phono-semantic compound character. The top '方' suggests direction or place, while the bottom '也' serves as a phonetic component. Together, they mean to carry out or bestow something in different directions.

文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)

与现代意义相近，常指实行、施行、分布等。Similar to modern meaning, often refers to carrying out, implementing, or distributing.

深入学习 (In-depth Study)

字源故事 (Origin Story)

“施”字最早见于甲骨文。其中“方”表示方向、区域，“也”表示动作或人，合起来有“到不同方向去实行或施行某事”的意思。最初用作表示执行、施加。The character '施' was first seen in oracle bone script. The top component '方' means direction or area, while the lower part represents action or a person. Together, they convey the idea of carrying out or applying something in different directions, thus meaning to implement or bestow.

字形演变 (Character Evolution)

甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):
甲骨文中的“施”形体较为简单，由“方”形和象征动作的符号构成，整体表意“去方行事”。 In oracle bone script, '施' had a simple form combining the 'fang' (direction) shape and a symbol for action, representing 'carrying out actions in different directions'.
金文 (Bronze Inscription):
金文中的“施”形体较甲骨文更为规整，“方”字框架更加清晰，下方的动作符号也逐渐固定。 In bronze inscriptions, '施' appears more regularized compared to oracle script. The 'fang' component becomes clearer, and the lower symbol solidifies its shape.
小篆 (Small Seal Script):
小篆中“施”的结构变得修长流畅，上下结构更为规范，笔画连贯。 In small seal script, '施' becomes more slender and smooth, with standardized top-bottom structure and continuous strokes.
隶书 (Clerical Script):
隶书中的“施”字形扁平，笔画转折分明，结构趋于接近现代汉字。 In clerical script, '施' appears flatter with clear angular strokes, closely approaching its modern form.
楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):
现代楷书中的“施”字笔画分明，上部为“方”，下部为“也”，结构规范。 In modern regular script, '施' is written with distinct strokes: the top is '方' and the bottom '也', arranged in a balanced and regulated form.

常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)

施加 (to exert, to apply (pressure, influence, etc.))

shījiā

他对我施加了很大的压力。

Pinyin: Tā duì wǒ shījiāle hěn dà de yālì.

Eng: He put a lot of pressure on me.

施肥 (to fertilize, to apply fertilizer)

shīféi

农民在春天给庄稼施肥。

Pinyin: Nóngmín zài chūntiān gěi zhuāngjiā shīféi.

Eng: Farmers fertilize the crops in the spring.

施舍 (to give alms, to bestow charity)

shīshě

她经常给乞丐施舍一点钱。

Pinyin: Tā jīngcháng gěi qǐgài shīshě yīdiǎn qián.

Eng: She often gives some money to beggars.

实施 (to put into practice, to implement)

shíshī

新政策已经开始实施。

Pinyin: Xīn zhèngcè yǐjīng kāishǐ shíshī.

Eng: The new policy has already been implemented.

相关成语 (Related Idioms)

施恩不图报 shī ēn bù tú bào

Meaning: to do good without expecting repayment

该成语出自清代小说《红楼梦》，意思是施惠于人而不图回报，比喻真心帮助别人，不求回报。 This idiom originates from the Qing Dynasty novel 'Dream of the Red Chamber'. It means to do favors for others without expecting anything in return, referring to genuinely helping others without seeking repayment.

多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))

  • French: appliquer, accorder, distribuer
  • German: anwenden, ausüben, gewähren
  • Spanish: aplicar, otorgar, conceder
  • Italian: applicare, concedere, elargire
  • Portuguese: aplicar, conceder, distribuir
  • Russian: применять, осуществлять, даровать
  • Arabic: يطبق، يمنح، ينفذ
  • Persian: اعمال کردن، اعطا کردن، بخشیدن
  • Dutch: toepassen, verlenen, uitdelen
  • Polish: stosować, udzielać, rozdzielać
  • Vietnamese: thi hành, áp dụng, ban tặng
  • Ukrainian: застосовувати, здійснювати, давати

视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)

通过以下链接在热门视频网站搜索 "施" 的更多讲解：

Search for more explanations of "施" on popular video sites:

网络参考 (Web References for "施") ()

网络内容摘要 (Web Content Summary):

施的核心意义为“施行、给予、执行”，如施加、实施、施恩等，也有“涂抹、敷布”的意思。 “施” mainly means "to apply, to carry out, to grant" (e.g., 施加 apply, 实施 implement, 施恩 bestow kindness), and sometimes means "to spread or smear" (especially for liquids or powders).

字形起源与文化背景：据《说文解字》，“施”本义为“旗帜飘动的样子”，与“旗”形象相关，体现出动作的动态性。 Etymology & Culture: According to "Shuowen Jiezi", “施” originally described the waving of a flag, which relates to notions of display and dynamism.

  • 特别用法&易混淆点： “施”在表达“涂抹”如施肥、施粉时，强调动作的扩散性；而在“措施、设施”中，更多指工具或办法，意义不同，易被混淆。 Special Usage & Common Confusion: “施” means "to apply/spread" (as in 施肥 fertilize), but in words like 措施 (measures) or 设施 (facilities), it refers more to "means/tools". Don't confuse these usages.
  • 常用词语： 施行、施加、施恩（bestow kindness）、设施（facilities）、措施（measures）。 Common words: 施行 (carry out), 施加 (apply), 施恩 (bestow kindness), 设施 (facilities), 措施 (measures).

成语例子：施恩不图报（施加恩惠而不求回报）。 Idiom example: 施恩不图报 (to give favors without expecting return).

若信息来源有限或有疑问，建议查阅权威字典如《说文解字》或现代汉语辞典获取详细释义。 If reference information is limited, consult authoritative dictionaries like "Shuowen Jiezi" or modern Chinese dictionaries for details.

汉字"施"的起源、演变过程-汉字字源辞典

汉字字源辞典收录7747条汉字词条，基本涵盖了常见汉字的字源解析，是汉字研究的必备工具。 ... 施字最令人费解的地方是，如施粉、施肥这种带有"涂抹、敷布、挥洒"内涵（液体或粉状的东西）的意义与设施、措施这种带有"工具"内涵（固体）的意义看 ...

【施】的甲骨文金文篆文字形演变含义 - 甲骨文研究网 甲骨文密码字典 在线甲骨文字典研究 - 甲骨文研究网 甲骨文密码字典 在线甲骨文字典研究 认路

附 文言版《説文解字》：施，旗皃。齊欒施字子旗，知施者旗也。 附 白话版《说文解字》：施，旗帜飘动的样子。"也"作声旁。齐国欒施字子旗，由此可知施是旗。 文言文名句摘抄 ①动词：旗帜起伏飘扬。 旖施，柔顺摇曳之貌。-----《说文》朱骏声通训定声

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