基本信息 (Basic Information)
含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)
中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 擅自，擅长；未经允许做某事；在某方面特别有能力。
英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): to act without authorization; to be good at or excel in (something)
“擅”在现代汉语中常用于“擅自”、“擅长”等词，如“擅自行动”、“他擅长绘画”，其中“擅自”表示未经允许做某事，“擅长”表示在某方面有特长。
In modern Chinese, '擅' often appears in words like '擅自' (to do something without permission) and '擅长' (to excel at). '擅自' refers to acting without authorization, while '擅长' refers to having a special skill or being good at something.
象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)
“擅”是形声字，左边“手”表示与手的动作有关，右边“旦”既是声旁也有分开的意味，整体表达用手做出分离、处置，进而引申为未经允许自作主张，以及在某方面有特长。'擅' is a phono-semantic compound: the left part '手' implies actions done by hand, and the right part '旦' is the phonetic component and also implies separation or handling. Together, it came to mean to act without permission and, by extension, to excel in something.
文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)
与现代意义相近，指没有授权而自行专断，或在某事上特别精通。Similar to modern meaning: to act arbitrarily without authorization, or to be especially skilled in something.
深入学习 (In-depth Study)
字源故事 (Origin Story)
“擅”字由“手”和“旦”组成。“手”表示与手的动作有关，“旦”原本表示清晨，有分开、开始之意。合起来表示用手干涉、私自为之，引申为未经许可私自做事。The character '擅' is composed of '手' (hand), which relates to actions involving the hand, and '旦' (dawn), which originally meant morning and implied the start or to separate. Combined, it indicates using one's hands to interfere or act without authorization, and thus extends to mean doing something without permission.
字形演变 (Character Evolution)
甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):
甲骨文中尚未发现“擅”的独立写法，相关意思多通过其他字表达。
In Oracle Bone Script, an independent form of '擅' has not been found; its meaning was usually represented by other characters.
金文 (Bronze Inscription):
金文时期“擅”的字形由“手”和“旦”组合，结构较为简略，已初步表现出现代意义。
In the Bronze Inscription era, '擅' combined '手' and '旦'; the structure was more simplified, and the basic modern meaning began to form.
小篆 (Small Seal Script):
小篆中“擅”字结构更加规整，左右分明，上为“旦”，左侧为“手”，线条流畅清晰。
In Small Seal Script, the structure of '擅' became more regular, with a clear separation between '旦' on top and '手' on the left; the lines were smoother and clearer.
隶书 (Clerical Script):
隶书阶段，“擅”字结构横平竖直，笔画开始变宽，字形与现代较为接近。
During the Clerical Script era, the form of '擅' gained horizontal and vertical strokes, strokes became wider, and the character resembled its modern appearance.
楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):
现代楷书中，“擅”字左右结构分明，左边为“手”旁，右边为“旦”，为现今通用写法。
In modern Regular Script, '擅' has a clear left-right structure: the hand radical on the left and '旦' on the right, which is the commonly used form today.
常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)
擅自 (to do something without authorization; unauthorized)
他擅自离开了岗位。
Eng: He left his post without authorization.
擅长 (to be good at; to be skilled in)
她擅长弹钢琴。
Eng: She is good at playing the piano.
相关成语 (Related Idioms)
相关成语信息待补充。Related idiom information pending.
多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))
- French: Usurper; exceller dans
- German: Sich anmaßen; hervorragend sein in
- Spanish: Usurpar; sobresalir en
- Italian: Usurpare; eccellere in
- Portuguese: Usurpar; sobressair em
- Russian: Самовольно; превосходить (в чем-то)
- Arabic: يتصرف بلا إذن؛ يتقن
- Persian: غصب کردن؛ در چیزی ماهر بودن
- Dutch: Zich toe-eigenen; uitblinken in
- Polish: Uzurpować; być biegłym w czymś
- Vietnamese: Tự ý làm; giỏi về
- Ukrainian: Самовільно діяти; бути вправним у чомусь
视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)
通过以下链接在热门视频网站搜索 "擅" 的更多讲解：
Search for more explanations of "擅" on popular video sites:
- 在 Bilibili.com 搜索 "擅 字源 说文解字" (Search on Bilibili)
- 在 YouTube.com 搜索 "擅 character origin etymology" (Search on YouTube)
网络参考 (Web References for "擅") ()
网络搜索信息待获取。Web search information pending.
更多图片 (擅 More Images) ()
