擦

Pinyin: cā | Core Meaning: to wipe, to rub, to scrub (to remove dirt or clean a surface); friction.

基本信息 (Basic Information)

含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)

中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 用力来回移动以清除表面杂质，如灰尘或液体；摩擦。

英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): to wipe, to rub, to scrub (to remove dirt or clean a surface); friction.

“擦”常用于表示用布、手或其他工具在物体表面来回摩擦，去除杂质或进行清洁。例如：擦桌子、擦玻璃。也可引申为模糊接触或略微碰到（如：擦肩而过）。 Frequently used for cleaning actions involving cloth, hand, or other tools to remove dirt by rubbing, e.g., wiping a table or window. Can also metaphorically refer to close contact or near-miss (e.g., narrowly missing someone).

象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)

“擦”是形声字，左边的‘扌’表示用手进行动作，右边的‘察’作为声旁，同时含有细致、认真查找的意味，表达了用手小心擦拭的动作。'擦' is a phono-semantic compound: the left '扌' hints at a hand action, while the right '察' provides the sound and a connotation of careful scrutiny, together conveying the image of carefully wiping or cleaning by hand.

文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)

与现代意义相近，主要用于表示擦拭、摩擦之意。Similar to modern meaning, mainly used to indicate wiping or rubbing actions.

深入学习 (In-depth Study)

字源故事 (Origin Story)

“擦”由‘扌’（手）与‘察’（本意为察看）组成。‘扌’表示动作相关于手，‘察’表达细致查看的动作。合起来表示用手仔细地摩擦或清理表面。‘擦’ consists of the '扌' (hand) radical and '察' (meaning to examine). The 'hand' radical denotes a manual action, while the '察' component suggests attentive or detailed action. Together, they signify cleaning or rubbing a surface by hand with care.

字形演变 (Character Evolution)

甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):
甲骨文中没有“擦”字，因其为较晚出现的合体字。 '擦' does not appear in Oracle Bone Script, as it is a later compound character.
金文 (Bronze Inscription):
金文时代同样未见“擦”的独立字形。 Likewise, there is no independent form of '擦' in Bronze Inscriptions.
小篆 (Small Seal Script):
小篆时期开始出现由‘扌’与‘察’组成的合体字，表示摩擦、清洁的意思。 In Small Seal Script, a compound character combining '扌' and '察' began to appear, meaning to rub or clean.
隶书 (Clerical Script):
隶书中“擦”的结构更加规整，‘扌’与‘察’分布明确，笔画横平竖直。 In Clerical Script, the structure of '擦' became more regular, with a clear separation between '扌' and '察', and straight horizontal and vertical strokes.
楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):
现代楷书中，“擦”由‘扌’（手旁）和‘察’（音旁）组成，形体方正，书写规范。 In modern Regular Script, '擦' comprises the '扌' (hand) radical and '察' (phonetic component), with square, balanced, and standardized strokes.

常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)

擦拭 (to wipe clean; to rub)

cāshì

请用干净的布擦拭桌面。

Pinyin: Qǐng yòng gānjìng de bù cāshì zhuōmiàn.

Eng: Please wipe the tabletop with a clean cloth.

擦肩而过 (to brush past someone; to narrowly miss)

cā jiān ér guò

我们在人群中擦肩而过，却没有认出对方。

Pinyin: Wǒmen zài rénqún zhōng cā jiān ér guò, què méiyǒu rènchū duìfāng.

Eng: We brushed past each other in the crowd without recognizing each other.

相关成语 (Related Idioms)

擦肩而过 cā jiān ér guò

Meaning: to narrowly miss someone or something; to pass by closely

“擦肩而过”原指两人距离很近地从身边走过，肩膀几乎相碰，比喻人与人的相遇很巧合，但又没有真正相识或抓住机会。 '擦肩而过' originally described two people walking so close that their shoulders nearly touched, metaphorically referring to narrowly missing someone or an opportunity despite being very close.

多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))

  • French: essuyer, frotter
  • German: wischen, reiben
  • Spanish: limpiar, frotar
  • Italian: strofinare, pulire
  • Portuguese: esfregar, limpar
  • Russian: вытирать, тереть
  • Arabic: يمسح، يفرك
  • Persian: پاک کردن، مالیدن
  • Dutch: vegen, wrijven
  • Polish: wycierać, trzeć
  • Vietnamese: lau, chà xát
  • Ukrainian: витирати, терти

视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)

通过以下链接在热门视频网站搜索 "擦" 的更多讲解：

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网络参考 (Web References for "擦") ()

网络内容摘要 (Web Content Summary):

擦（拼音：cā）是一个常用汉字，基本含义为“用物体在另一表面上来回移动，使之变干净或光亮”。例如：擦桌子（to wipe the table），擦汗（to wipe sweat）。擦 (pinyin: cā) is a commonly used Chinese character. Its core meaning is “to wipe, rub, or clean by moving something back and forth on a surface,” as in 擦桌子 (to wipe the table) and 擦汗 (to wipe sweat).

这个字由“扌”（手，表示与手的动作有关）和“察”组成，表示用手察看、摩擦等动作，体现了汉字偏旁表意的特点。The character consists of the “扌” (hand) radical, indicating an action involving the hand, and “察,” suggesting investigation or inspection, which together imply the action of rubbing or wiping by hand.

  • 常见词语： 擦拭（to wipe）、摩擦（friction; to rub）、擦伤（bruise, scratch）。Common words: 擦拭 (to wipe), 摩擦 (friction; to rub), 擦伤 (bruise, scratch).
  • 常见成语： 擦肩而过（to brush past someone; missed by chance）。Common idiom: 擦肩而过 (to brush past someone; a fleeting encounter or missed opportunity).
  • 易混淆点： “擦”与“刷”（to brush）均有清洁表面之意，但“擦”强调摩擦动作，“刷”通常指用刷子等工具。Easy confusion: “擦” (wipe) and “刷” (brush) both relate to cleaning, but “擦” emphasizes rubbing motion, while “刷” usually means using a brush.

目前未发现有关“擦”的特殊象形起源或有趣的文化背景，如有需要可进一步查阅专业汉字字源辞典。No notable pictographic origin or special cultural background for “擦” is found. For deeper study, specialized etymology dictionaries can be consulted.

汉字"擦"的起源与演变（源流）汉字字源网

汉字字源网收录2975个汉字的源流词条，基本涵盖了常用汉字的字源分析，是学习和研究汉字的必备工具。

汉字"擦"的起源、演变过程-汉字字源辞典

汉字字源辞典收录7747条汉字词条，基本涵盖了常见汉字的字源解析，是汉字研究的必备工具。

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