申

Pinyin: shēn | Core Meaning: to state, to explain, to report; also the ninth Earthly Branch (used in time, calendar, zodiac), and a surname.

基本信息 (Basic Information)

含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)

中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 表达、陈述、申报，也为地支的第九位（申时、申月等），以及姓氏。

英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): to state, to explain, to report; also the ninth Earthly Branch (used in time, calendar, zodiac), and a surname.

“申”常用作动词，如“申报”（report）、“申诉”（appeal），表述主动陈述或报告的意思。在阴历和干支中，“申”指十二地支之一，也用于时间的表达（如“申时”指下午3-5点）。此外为常见姓氏。 '申' is commonly used as a verb, found in words like '申报' (to report) and '申诉' (to appeal), expressing the idea of making a statement or declaration. It also denotes the ninth of the Twelve Earthly Branches in the traditional Chinese calendar (e.g., '申时' for 3-5pm) and is a common surname.

象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)

“申”的最初形体为象形，像闪电，也像一只伸展的手臂，有“伸展”“发出”的意思，后来引申为表达和陈述。The original form of '申' is pictographic, resembling lightning or an outstretched arm, suggesting the meaning 'to stretch' or 'to send forth', which later extended to 'to express' or 'to state'.

文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)

文言文中“申”多用于“陈述、表达”之意，与现代意义相近，也用于地支（如“申时”）。In Classical Chinese, '申' mostly referred to 'state' or 'express', similar to the modern usage, and was also used as one of the Earthly Branches (e.g., 'Shen hour').

深入学习 (In-depth Study)

字源故事 (Origin Story)

“申”最早见于甲骨文，本义为“伸展、伸出”，其字形像一只手臂或闪电形状的事物，象征着延展或表达之意。后来引申为陈述、表达。The earliest form of '申' appeared in oracle bone script. Its original meaning was 'to stretch' or 'extend,' with the character's shape resembling an arm or a thunderbolt, symbolizing extension or expression. Later, its meaning broadened to include stating or reporting.

字形演变 (Character Evolution)

甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):
甲骨文中“申”的形状较为象形，像一道曲折的闪电线条或伸展的肢体，表达出伸展、发出的动作。 In the oracle bone script, '申' was highly pictographic, resembling a zigzag lightning line or an outstretched limb, conveying the action of stretching or projecting.
金文 (Bronze Inscription):
金文中“申”较甲骨文更规范，结构仍保留弯曲形，形似闪电、展臂。 In bronze inscription, '申' became more standardized, still keeping a curved shape resembling lightning or an arm being extended.
小篆 (Small Seal Script):
小篆的“申”上下均匀，线条变为圆润，形态逐渐趋向现代。 In small seal script, '申' presents a more symmetrical and rounded form, moving closer to its modern shape.
隶书 (Clerical Script):
隶书中“申”线条更平直，横折分明，是向现代书写过渡的重要阶段。 In clerical script, '申' features more angular and straight strokes, a key transition stage toward the modern form.
楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):
现代楷书中“申”由竖、横折和横构成，结构简明，书写规范。 In modern regular script, '申' is composed of one vertical, one horizontal hook, and horizontal lines, in a clean and standardized structure.

常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)

申报 (to declare, to report (especially to an authority))

shēnbào

出入境时需要如实申报物品。

Pinyin: Chūrùjìng shí xūyào rúshí shēnbào wùpǐn.

Eng: You need to truthfully declare items when crossing the border.

申请 (to apply (for something))

shēnqǐng

他准备申请大学。

Pinyin: Tā zhǔnbèi shēnqǐng dàxué.

Eng: He plans to apply for university.

申诉 (to appeal (especially in legal or official situations))

shēnsù

如果对处理结果有异议，可以申诉。

Pinyin: Rúguǒ duì chǔlǐ jiéguǒ yǒu yìyì, kěyǐ shēnsù.

Eng: If you have objections to the result, you can file an appeal.

相关成语 (Related Idioms)

相关成语信息待补充。Related idiom information pending.

多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))

  • French: déclarer, expliquer; neuvième branche terrestre; Shen (nom de famille)
  • German: erklären, berichten, neunter Erdzweig, Shen (Nachname)
  • Spanish: declarar, expresar; noveno tronco terrenal; Shen (apellido)
  • Italian: dichiarare, spiegare; nona branca terrestre; Shen (cognome)
  • Portuguese: declarar, explicar; nono ramo terrestre; Shen (sobrenome)
  • Russian: заявлять, объяснять; девятая земная ветвь; Шэнь (фамилия)
  • Arabic: يُصرّح، يوضّح؛ الفرع الأرضي التاسع؛ شن (اسم عائلة)
  • Persian: اعلام کردن، توضیح دادن؛ نهمین شاخه زمینی؛ شن (نام خانوادگی)
  • Dutch: verklaren, rapporteren; negende hemelse tak; Shen (achternaam)
  • Polish: deklarować, wyjaśniać; dziewiąta gałąź ziemska; Shen (nazwisko)
  • Vietnamese: khai báo, giải thích; chi địa thứ chín; Shen (họ)
  • Ukrainian: заявляти, пояснювати; дев’ята земна гілка; Шень (прізвище)

视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)

通过以下链接在热门视频网站搜索 "申" 的更多讲解：

Search for more explanations of "申" on popular video sites:

网络参考 (Web References for "申") ()

网络内容摘要 (Web Content Summary):

核心含义与字形来源：“申”字起初为象形字，本义是“舒展”或“伸展”。在甲骨文和金文中，其形象类似闪电舒展的样子，但后期字形简化，失去了原来的图画特征。Core Meaning & Origin: "申" was originally a pictograph, meaning "to stretch" or "to extend". Early script forms resembled the stretching of lightning, though this imagery was lost as the character evolved.

文化与特别用法：“申”还是中国十二地支之一，代表第九位，用于记时、记年。如“申时”指下午3-5点。此外，“申”常用于表示“陈述”（如“申诉”、“申报”）。Cultural & Special Usage: "申" is also the ninth of the twelve Earthly Branches in the traditional Chinese calendar, used for timekeeping (e.g., "申时" means 3–5 p.m.). It can further mean "to state/explain" in modern words like "申诉" (appeal) or "申报" (declare/report).

  • 易混淆点：“申”与“甲”、“由”、“白”等形近字容易混淆。Easily Confused: "申" is similar in shape to characters like "甲" (jiǎ), "由" (yóu), and "白" (bái).
  • 常用词汇：如“申诉”（appeal）、“申报”（declare）、“申明”（state/declare）。Common Words: Examples include "申诉" (appeal), "申报" (declare), and "申明" (state/declare).

如需更多详细字源或成语信息，建议查阅更专业的汉字词典。For more detailed etymology or idioms, consult specialized Chinese dictionaries.

汉字"申"的起源、演变过程-汉字字源辞典

汉字字源辞典收录13864条汉字词条，基本涵盖了常见汉字的字源解析，是汉字研究的必备工具。 请输入您要查询的汉字： 汉字: 申: 字源: 申.

申字形演变字源_汉字「申」_申的甲骨文_申的金文_金文编_甲骨文编

申字形演变字源,汉字「申」,申的甲骨文,申的金文,金文编,甲骨文编 ... 一步變為「曰」形，而與「丨」形合為一體，已經失去「電光舒展閃爍」的圖像特徵。其後申字又多引申表示為舒展、陳述等意義，或借為地支名稱，於是轉注為從雨、申聲的「電」字。 ...

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