项

Pinyin: xiàng | Core Meaning: nape (back of the neck); item; thing; entry (in a list); project

基本信息 (Basic Information)

含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)

中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 脖子的后部，条目，事项

英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): nape (back of the neck); item; thing; entry (in a list); project

“项”常用作名词，表示脖子的后部，如“项链”；也指事情或条目的条数，如“项目”、“事项”。在书面语和口语中都常见，常与“目”组成“项目”，用以表述分类、分项。 '项' is most often used as a noun meaning the back of the neck, but more commonly as 'item' or 'entry' (e.g., in a list: '项目'). Frequently appears in modern language in the context of sections, points, or categories.

象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)

“项”字上部为“工”，下部为“页”。“页”本是人头的象形，与上部的结构结合表现出头与颈或条目的分隔。后来引申为“事项”、“条目”。The top component '工' and the bottom component '页' (originally pictographic for a human head) together suggest the idea of the head and neck, or diverging points. This led to '项' later representing items, entries, or matters.

文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)

文言文中主要指脖颈，与现代意义相近，但常作身体部位指称或借喻他项事物。In Classical Chinese, mainly referred to the nape/neck, similar to the modern physical meaning, but could be metaphorical for other items or matters.

深入学习 (In-depth Study)

字源故事 (Origin Story)

“项”最早与颈部相关，最初的字形表现出人的头和脖子的形状。后来借用于表示条目或事项，因古人常用“项”来统计事物，用以分条分项。The character '项' originally depicted the nape or the back of the neck, with its earliest forms resembling a head and neck. Its meaning was later extended to signify 'item' or 'entry', as ancient people would list and count matters, segmenting them into items.

字形演变 (Character Evolution)

甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):
甲骨文中“项”由“工”和指示头部的象形组成，整体勾勒出头与脖子的形态，意指人的脖颈。 In Oracle Bone Script, '项' contained the component '工' and a pictographic part resembling the head-neck connection, illustrating a neck.
金文 (Bronze Inscription):
金文中的“项”字形更圆润，头部与颈部的分界线更为明显。 In Bronze Inscription, '项' took on a rounder form, highlighting the boundary between the head and neck.
小篆 (Small Seal Script):
小篆时期“项”结构规范，上部分为“工”，下部和“页”结合，已接近今形。 In the Small Seal Script era, the structure of '项' became more regularized. The upper part is '工', the lower part combines with '页', approaching the modern form.
隶书 (Clerical Script):
隶书中的“项”转为平直，笔画宽扁，结构更简洁。 '项' in Clerical Script became straighter and wider, with simplified structure.
楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):
现代楷书“项”采用“工”加“页”为部件，定型为现在通用的写法。 In modern Regular Script, '项' is established as the combination of '工' and '页', forming the commonly used character shape today.

常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)

项目 (project; item (in a list); event (as in sports))

xiàng mù

这个项目已经完成了。

Pinyin: Zhège xiàngmù yǐjīng wánchéng le.

Eng: This project has been completed.

项链 (necklace)

xiàng liàn

她戴了一条漂亮的项链。

Pinyin: Tā dài le yì tiáo piàoliang de xiàngliàn.

Eng: She wore a beautiful necklace.

事项 (item; matter; issue (in a list))

shì xiàng

请注意以下事项。

Pinyin: Qǐng zhùyì yǐxià shìxiàng.

Eng: Please pay attention to the following items.

相关成语 (Related Idioms)

相关成语信息待补充。Related idiom information pending.

多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))

  • French: nuque; article; point; élément
  • German: Nacken; Punkt; Eintrag; Projekt
  • Spanish: nuca; punto; ítem; proyecto
  • Italian: nuca; voce; punto; progetto
  • Portuguese: nuca; item; ponto; projeto
  • Russian: затылок; пункт; проект
  • Arabic: مؤخرة العنق؛ بند؛ عنصر؛ مشروع
  • Persian: پس گردن؛ بند؛ مورد؛ پروژه
  • Dutch: nek; punt; item; project
  • Polish: kark; punkt; pozycja; projekt
  • Vietnamese: gáy; mục; điều; dự án
  • Ukrainian: потилиця; пункт; проект

视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)

通过以下链接在热门视频网站搜索 "项" 的更多讲解：

Search for more explanations of "项" on popular video sites:

网络参考 (Web References for "项") ()

网络内容摘要 (Web Content Summary):

```html

项的核心含义是“脖子后部”，即人的颈项。 “项” (xiàng) primarily refers to the back of the neck.

“项”的象形起源可以追溯到甲骨文，古文字中其形状像人的脖子与头部，体现了其原始含义。 The character's origin traces back to oracle bone script, where its form resembles a neck and head, reflecting its original meaning.

在现代汉语中，“项”引申为“事物的类别、项目”。常用于“项目”(project, item)、“奖项”(award)等词汇。 In modern usage, “项” extends to mean a category, item, or project, as in “项目” (project/item) and “奖项” (award).

  • 易混淆：“项”和“项链”的“项”指脖子，而“项目”的“项”则是分类、条目的意思，二者需结合语境理解。 Easily confused: In “项链” (“necklace”), “项” refers to the neck, while in “项目” (“item” or “project”), it means a category or entry. Understand by context.

常见词语有：“项目”，“项链”，“奖项”。成语较少涉及，但常见于正式或书面语中。 Common words include “项目” (project/item), “项链” (necklace), “奖项” (award). Less common in idioms, but frequent in formal or written Chinese.

总结：“项”既有身体部位的原始含义，也有现代扩展的分类、条目之意，是日常高频字。 Summary: “项” has both its original meaning (part of the body) and a modern sense (category/item), making it a common and practical character.

```

汉字"项"的起源、演变过程-汉字字源辞典

wo 评论" 项 "字网页 2012-09-10 08:53:44 以前，不太理解"项目"，现在好了，我把"项目"跟"节目"捆绑在一起去想就明白了。 "节目"是链式事物的一部分，而"项目"是单独的，因为人的"项"都是独一无二的，不会跟别人的有关系!

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